Inter Digital

M2M Service Architecture:

Delivering M2M Services Over Heterogeneous A/etworks
 Agenda

M2M
M2M
M2M
CoAP
M2M IoT
 M2M -
M2M ' (
) ( )
/
(, ,
), (,
)
(),
(,
).
-
-
-
-
-
 M2M -
2 2
M2M 2 2 2
2


2
2 2 2
2

M2M - IEEE 802.15.4 -

( )
M2M Gateway - Converged GW -
M2M M2M

M2M - xDSL / , 3G / LTE, PLC

- M2M GW M2M

M2M - IPv4 / v6 - M2M Sever

M2M Server - /

 M2M -

2 RESTful

IPv6/6LoWPAN

20
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 M2M Overview - Some Deployments

Proprietary Application Proprietary Application Logic Proprietary Application Logic Proprietary Application Application
Logic Set A Set B Set C Logic Set D
Logic

Proprietary
Proprietary Service Proprietary Service Function Proprietary Service Function Proprietary Service Function

Function Set A Set B Set C Set D

Service
Functions
Communicatio
RFID RFID GPS, Cellular WiFI, BT, WSN
ns
Infrastructure
Recycle ^j)Star' Smart City in Oulu

Vertical and Proprietary Solution

 M2M Overview - Characteristics and Challenges
Huge Number of M2M Devices
- device management, system optimization

Diverse M2M Applications and Use Cases

- Different traffic model: event-based, query-based, continuous
streaming
- Different performance requirements: delay, lifetime, security,
energy-efficiency

Heterogeneous Communications Technologies

- Wireless: Capillary vs Cellular; Short-range vs Long-range
- Wired: PLC, Ethernet, xDSL, Fiber
Different M2M Actors
- device manufacturers, network providers, service providers, application
providers, & system integrators

Horizontal M2M solutions are required to be standardized.

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.

 M2M Overview - Horizontal Solutions

Application Application Application Application Application

A B C D
Logic

Common
Common Service Functions Open Service
Functions
Middleware Platform
Communicatio
Wireless, Wireline, and/or Hybrid Networks ns
Infrastructure
Horizontal solution means network & application-agnostic, but
aware. This is the first step and a key enabler towards the
Internet-of-Things (IoT)
 M2M Protocol Stack

Service
Service Layer
Layer
Control and

(ETSI M2M Service Architecture) Management Plane

3GPP MTC Transport Protocols

Transport
Layer (device management,
(CoAP/UDP; HTTP/TCP) service discovery,
(Device context information
triggering, management, etc )
small data (SNMP, OMA DM,
IPv4/IPv6
Network
transmissions BBF TR069 ,etc)
,
etc) (IETF ROLL/6LoWPAN)

MAC/PHY Cellular (2G/3G/LTE) I E E E 802.11 I E E E Wireline

802.15.4 (PLC,
etc)
 ETSI M2M Service Architecture
M2M Device Domain M2M Network Domain
_k_ _k_
ir

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.

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V
 ETSI M2M Service Architecture - Service Capabilities

M2M Applications
-X-
mla

M2M Service Capabilities.

SC1 The list of M2M Service Capabilities (SC) are:

M2M Device Domain Application Enablement (xAE)
SC2 SC3
Generic Communication (xGC)
Reachability, Addressing and Repository (xRAR)
SC7 SC8
Communication Selection (xCS)
Remote Entity Management (xREM)
SC4 SECurity (xSEC)
SC6

mid History and Data Retention (xHDR)

SC5
Transaction Management (xTM)
k4 Compensation Broker (xCB)
Core Network Connection Telco Operator Exposure (xTOE)
Communication modules
1' _--'---- Interworking Proxy (xIP)
_[

where x is:
N for Network, consists of the complete ETSI M2M core network infrastructure communication with gateways and devices.
G for Gateway, is an ETSI M2M device specialized to directly manage M2M area networks of ETSI M2M devices; the gateway directly
communicates with an ETSI M2M core network.
D for Device, is an ETSI M2M device than can directly communicate to an ETSI M2M core network or to an ETSI M2M gateway.

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.

 ETSI M2M Service Architecture - Resource Tree
M2M Area Network 1

M2M Gateway M2M Server

M2M Service Provider
M2M Applications
Applications
<sclBase>

-N
1
n attribute
<sclBase>
V
1 scls
>
-^| applications 1 attribute M2M
Application
containers
scls
| groups M2M
applications A % Annlication
accessRights
V M2M
-^| subscriptions
containers Application
discovery M2M
groups
Application
accessRights
1
M2M Device 1 subscriptions

-N discovery
V 1
M2M Applioations

<sclBase>

1 <sclBase-of-D/G/N>

"attribute" ] subscriptions
subscriptions <*!>
n attribute
so subscriptions | "attribute'
1 scls
<groupAnnc> |
<application> |
<
-^| applications 1 <group> | attribute i accessRights
1
containers
1
applications
"attribute" "attribu 3{ aosessRight
s i applications 1
subscriptions te" containers i containers 1
groups groups
members ~|
groups subscrip
subscriptions 1 groups 1
containers m tions
notificationChannels
-^| accessRights -^| subscriptions
"attribute"
L subscriptions
1
3 notificationChannels |
discovery accessRights
-[ subscriptio
ns
containerInstances~~|
r
m2mPo:s 1

subscriptions ttachedDevice
s1
]- subscriptions

discovery mgmtObjs
<ontanenai: ]

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. InterDigital

ETSI M2M Service Architecture - Service and Application Regist
M2M Device M2M Gateway M2M Network
(DA) dIa (GSCL) mid (NSCL)
Secure M2M service bootstrap and --connection

GSCL initiated; created GSCL NSCL initiated; created NSCL

resource tree root and its child resource tree root and its
resources <myHomeGSCL>/... child resources
<exampleNSCL>/...

GSCL Registers to NSCL

(CREATE)

Created counterpart resource for NSCL Created resource for GSCL <
<myHomeGSCL>/scls/<exa mpleNSCL> exampleNSCL>
DA Registers to GSCL (CREATE) /scls/<myHomeGSCL>

NA Registers to NSCL
(CREATE)

Created resource for DA Created resource for NA

registration registration
<myHomeGSCL>/ap <exampleNSCL>/appli
plications/Heating-App-ID cations/SmartHome-ID
ETSI M2M Service Architecture - Resource Announcement/D
M2M Device M2M Gateway M2M Network Network
mid mla
(DA) (GSCL) (NSCL) Application
(NA)
DA CREATE its
container in GSCL

Created container resource for DA

myHomeGSCL>/applications/Heatin
g-App-ID/containers/temperature

DA writes data to GSCL

container (CREATE)

Created resource for DA data

<myHomeGSCL/applications/Heating-App-
ID/containers/temperature/contentlnstances/
myHomeTennpl

GSCL Announces
DA to NSCL CREATE

Created Anne resource for DA in NSCL

<exampleNSCL>/scls/<myHomeGSCL>/app
hcations/Heating-App-ID-Annc
NA discovers DA
Under <nscl>/discovery
RETRIEVE
Obtained a URI list
NA retrieves D Ada ta RETRIEVE
my HomeGSCL>/apfJications/H eating ^pp1
ID/containers/temperature/contentlnstances/myHomeTemp

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.

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 ETSI M2M Service Architecture - Resource Subscription/Not
M2M Device M2M Gateway M2M Network Network
(DA) dIa (GSCL) mId (NSCL) mla Application
(NA)

NA subscribes to DA
O data stored on GSCL
(CREATE)
Created subscription resource
<myHomeGSCL>/applications/He ating-
App-
ID/containers/temperature/conten
tInstances/subscriptions/tempSub

DA writes new data to

GSCL container (UPDATE)

Updated resource for DA

<myHomeGSCL>/applications
/Heating-App-
ID/containers/temperature/con
tentInstances/myHomeTemp2

Notification to NA (NOTIFY)
o Obtained new temp

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 ETSI M2M Service Architecture - HTTP and CoAP Bin

O Binding to HTTP
and CoAP is
easy due to ETSI
M2M RESTful
approach

Normative
mapping
defined for both
HTTP and CoAP

Primitives
represent the
resource
operation in the
Illustration of ETSI M2M Primitive Method domain
Binding to Transport Layer Protocols

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. InterDvgital

 ETSI M2M Service Architecture - Leveraging Verticals

M2M Device Domain M2M Network Domain

M2M Area Networks

(Smart Metering) --mla--->
Communication Networks --mid---

--dla---
MAS SerVfer-.
M2M-toVertical

DNS Server DM Server

802.15.4

SLoWPAN

M2M Area Networks

(Home Automation)
M2M
Application
Heterogeneous
Access Networks
(Wireless/Wireline)

3GPP/LTE
M2M Server
M2M Server

mla

M2M Core Networks

M2M Device

Service Resource ]
Service Resource
Capabilities Tree
Capabilities Tree
mid
; ^ "AiL |
Communication Protocols
\ Communication
Protocols 1
M2M Device GW M2M Server

17 //
2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
Inte Digital
 CoAP - Constrained IP Networks

A constrained IP network is a network which consists of devices. Both

the network and devices have the following unique features, in
contrast to general IP networks.
- Limited packet sizes
- High degree of packet loss
- A number of low-duty cycling devices with severe limits on throughput,
available device power, device RAM, and affordable complexity.
- An example: low-power wireless personal area networks (LoWPANs)
Application-related resources in a constrained IP network include:
- Sensors (e.g. temperature sensors, light switches, power meters, etc)
- Actuators (e.g. light switches, heating controllers, door locks)
- Combinations of values or other information
Common operations to/within constrained IP networks:
- Monitor sensors
- Control actuators
- Manage devices

InterPlgitarJ
2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.
 CoAP - Representative State Transfer (REST)

REST is a style of software architecture for distributed hypermedia systems such as

WWW.
Six Constrains of REST
- Client-Server : a uniform interface to connect clients and servers
- Stateless: servers keep no state for previous client requests
- Cacheable: clients are able to cache responses from servers
- Layered System: clients do not recognize intermediate servers or end servers
- Code on Demand: servers can alter/customize the client's functionality, for
example, by executing some compiled components (Java Applets, JavaScript)
at the clients
- Uniform Interface:
Identification (Representations) of Resources: such as URI in web-based REST systems (HTTP)
Manipulation of Resources thru These Representations (by clients under permission approved)
Self-Descriptive Messages: enough info is contained in each message
Hypermedia as the Engine of Application State: the client accesses related sources

Key Goals:
- Scalability of component interactions
- Generality of interfaces
- Independent deployment of components
- Intermediary components to reduce latency, enforce security and encapsulates
legacy systems
 CoAP - Client / Server Model

Request/Response
CoAP
Server

Request/Response COAP ' Request/Response

Intermediary

Request/Response Intermediary . Request/Response

HTTP
(CoAP-HTTP
Server
Mapping)

CoAP
Request/Response Intermediary . Request/Response
Server (HTTP-CoAP
Mapping)

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved. InterDigital

 CoAP - Protocol Stack & Message Model
Request: confirmable and non-confirmable
Application (GET/PUT/POST/DELETE)
r> Response: piggybacked, separate, non-confirmable

Requests/Responses
4 Types: Confirmable (CON), Non-Confirmable (NON),
CoAP
Acknowledgement (ACK), Reset (RST)
Messages
L Each message has a "Message ID"; Each request message
>
UDP has an addition "Token" for response-request matching
purpose
(Port# 5683 for Resource Discovery and Access Port#
61616-61631: 6LoWPAN)

Client Server
CON [0xbc90] GET
/temperature
(Token 0x71) CON [0x7aL0] GET
Reliable Msg Piggybacked /temperature
Delivery Response (Token"0x73}
ACK [0xbc90]
2.05 Content
(Token 0x71)
"22.5 C" ACK [Ox7aL0]
(Timer-based
Re-transmission)
Separate Time Passes
Response
COM [0x23bib]
2.OS Content
(Token 0x73]
Unreliable "22,5 C*
Response for
Msg Delivery NON-type
ACK [ 0x2 3 bb ]
Request

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 InterDigital's M2M Evolution into loT
M2M: IoT:
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 M2M Evolution to loT - Architecture
M2M/loT Device Domain M2M/loT Network Domain

M2M Area Networks

.Smart Metering) ma
M2M/ GW
--mid---

--dla---
M2M/loT-to-Vertical

SC-to-SC
6LOWPAN
(HTTP/CoAP/
Home Automation

mid M2M/IO
M2M/0T
3GPP/LTE T *, SC1
mla Application
M2M/IOT (VM)
SC2
(VM)
Content-based
Overlay Routing M2M/IOT
M2M Device (IPv4/v6) SC Mgmt
M2M/loT
SC3 mla
(VM)
M2M/loT GW
(RFID Reader) mid
M2M/loT
Ethernet SCn
(VM)

MQTT
Server
(VM) AMQP WMMP
Server XMPP (VM)
3GPP/LTE (VM) Server
Mobility
(VM)

M2M / loT Cloud + Vertical Cloud

M2M/loT GW (Cross-VM and Cross-Cloud Collaborations
(Context-based Service Grouping and Orchestration)
(RFID Reader)
(Cognitive Semantic Services)

M2M Evolution to loT Prototype Development

2012 InterDigital, Inc. All rights reserved.

InterDigital
24