HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

OF COMMUNITY
ARCHITECTURE AND
AESTHETHICS BY:
NATHALIE H. QUINTO
PIA ISABEL G. PEREZ
ADELYN MAE PANINGBATAN
 Outline of topics
What is community?
What is architecture?
What is community architecture?
Historical Background Of Community Architecture
Aesthethics
Ancient aesthethics
Islamic aesthethics
Indian aesthethics
Chinese aesthethics
 What is a
Community
?
According to the oxford dictionary,
Community is defined as, a group of
people living in the same place or
having a particular characteristic in
common.
What is Architecture?
Architecture is both the process and the product of planning,
designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures.

Architecture can mean:

A general term to describe buildings and other physical structures.

The art and science of designing buildings and (some) non-building

structures.

The style of design and method of construction of buildings and other

physical structures.

A unifying or coherent form or structure

Knowledge of art, science, technology, and humanity.

The design activity of the architect, from the macro-level (urban design,
landscape architecture) to the micro-level (construction details and
furniture). The practice of the architect, where architecture means
offering or rendering professional services in connection with the design
and construction of buildings, or built environments.
 \
What is Community Architecture?
Community architecture consists of
sites accessible to the general public.
These buildings are usually functional,
amenable, approachable, and often
enduring (long term).

Sometimes they are our cultural icons;

often times they are local
necessities.Community architecture
comprises of the buildings around us,
in everyday use, and reflects the
cultural and social values of the time.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
Different sources have varying claims as to
when community architecture truly did begin.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
In the U. K., community architecture
movement started out in the 1970s. Charles
Knevitt is accounted to be the person who
coined the term (community architecture) in
his article in Building Design.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
The disappearance of the idea and practice of
community architecture in the past centuries
has been accounted to the industrial revolution
that happened two centuries back which made
the development of urban areas so rapid.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
Originally, the movement that community
architecture is today can also be traced back
to the 1930s from the Urban Renewal
measures of the government in both the U.K.
and North America.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
Housing was seen as the ultimate solution in the
removal of slums. At the same time, the
development of the Modern Movement in
Architecture led by architects like Le Corbusier
propagated the notion of high-rise buildings
employing industrial construction techniques as
the future of urban development.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
The anticipation of Slum Clearance and Urban
Renewal as solutions to all social and physical
problems of the blighted areas failed to live
up to their claims and expectations.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
The first significant step as a result of the 1960s debate on
community participation in planning and decision-making was
the concept of Advocacy Planning in the US. Paul Davidoff, an
Urban Planning professor, first introduced this concept in an
article published in the November 1965 issue of the Journal of
the American Institute of Planners, entitled Advocacy and
Pluralism in Planning.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
The first practical example of the concept of
Advocacy Planning was the establishment of
Architects Renewal Committee in Harlem or
ARCH in October 1964 in New York City. ARCH
started its operations in April 1965 and
consisted of a team of architects and planners
providing their architectural and planning
services to the inhabitants of Harlem in New
York in order to improve their living
conditions.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
Hackney achieved major feat by attracting the
attention of Prince Charles in 1984, which
gave the needed boost and Royal patronage to
the Community Architecture Movement in
Britain.
 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE
In 2013, the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)
released a paper titled Guide to Localism composed of
two parts,
Part one being Neighbourhood Planning and
Part two Getting Community Engagement Right.
The paper is part of the Localism Bill being proposed.
This project of RIBA now termed as Localism is another
form of the Community Architecture movement, with the
same driving principle of getting the people to join in the
designing and development process of their own places.
 AESTHETICS
A set of principles concerned with the nature
and appreciation of beauty.
 Ancient aesthetics
Greece had the most influence on the
development of aesthetics in the West.

Greek philosophers initially felt that aesthetically

appealing objects were beautiful in and of
themselves. Plato felt that beautiful objects
incorporated proportion, harmony, and unity
among their parts. Similarly, in the Metaphysics,
Aristotle found that the universal elements of
beauty were order, symmetry, and definiteness.
 ISLAMIC AESTHETHICS
The term "Islamic" refers not only to the religion, but to
any form of art created in an Islamic culture or in an
Islamic context.

According to Islam, human works of art are inherently

flawed compared to the work of God; thus, it is believed by
many that to attempt to depict in a realistic form any
animal or person is insolence to God. This tendency has had
the effect of narrowing the field of artistic possibility to
such forms of art as Arabesque, mosaic, Islamic
calligraphy, and Islamic architecture, as well as more
generally any form of abstraction that can claim the status
of non-representational art.
 Indian aesthetics
Indian art evolved with an emphasis on
inducing special spiritual or philosophical
states in the audience, or with representing
them symbolically.
 Indian aesthetics
In the Pan Indian philosophic thought the
term 'Satyam Shivam Sundaram' is another
name for the concept of the Supreme.

'Sat' is the truth value

'Shiv' is the good value
'Sundaram' is the beauty value.
 Indian aesthetics
Man through his
'Srabana' or education,
'Manana' or experience and
conceptualization and
'Sadhana' or practice, through different stages
of life (Asramas) comes to form and realize
the idea of these three values to develop a
value system.
 Indian aesthetics
This Value-system helps us to develop two basic ideas

1) that of 'Daksha' or the adept/expert and

2) of Mahana/Parama or the Absolute

Individuals idea of 'Daksha' and 'Mahana' is relative

to one's development of the concept of 'Satyam-
Shivam-Sundaram.'

This concept of Satyam-Shivam-Sundaram, a kind of

Value Theory is the cornerstone of Indian Aesthetics.
 Chinese aesthetics
Confucius emphasized the role of the arts and
humanities (especially music and poetry) in
broadening human nature and aiding li
(etiquette, the rites) in bringing us back to what
is essential about humanity.

His opponent Mozi, however, argued that music

and fine arts were classist and wasteful,
benefiting the rich but not the common people.
 SUMMARY
WHAT IS COMMUNITY?
WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?
WHAT IS COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE?
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF COMMUNITY
ARCHITECTURE
AESTHETHICS
ANCIENT AESTHETHICS
ISLAMIC AESTHETHICS
INDIAN AESTHETHICS
CHINESE AESTHETHICS