KULIAH PENDAHULUAN

BLOK 22
(MUSKULOSKELETAL)
 Introduction

• The musculoskeletal module is a three weeks that you

will follow during the medical curriculum

• You will now be able to appreciate how diseases of

these systems affect the human body.
 Topic tree in Musculoskeletal

• Rheumatic disease • Orthopedic problem

– Bone – Congenital
– Joint – Infection
– Muscle – Neoplasm
– Connective tissue – Trauma
disease – Others : Degenerative,
Metabolic
 Clinical aspect

1. Observing management of patient with

rheumatic diseases
2. Observing management of patient with
orthopedic problem
 Central disciplines

• Anatomy and embriology • Radiology

• Histology • Rheumatology
• Physiology • Orthopedic
• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Clinical patology
• Immunology
• Pathology anatomy
 Methods of teaching

• Lectures
• Tutorials
• Problem based learning
• Small group discussions
• Lab Skill
 Lectures

• Anatomy and embriology of neuro-muskuloskeletal

system
• Normal tissues of neuro-musculoskeletal system
• Biochemical aspects of neuro-musculoskeletal tissues
• The function of musculoskeletal system
• Parasite inveatation in neuromusculoskeletal system
• The drugs that influence neuromusculoskeletal and
neurology system and principle of pain and inflammation
treatment
• Neoplasm on neuromusculoskeletal system
• Laboratory assessment in rheumatic disease
• Rehabilitation in patients with neuromuscular disorder
• Nutrition in rheumatic disease
 Lectures
• Principle of muscular deseas
• Principle of arthritis in joint (inflammation & infection)
• Arthritis in systemic lupus erithematosus
• Osteoporosis
• Osteoarthritis
• Gout and crystal arthropaty
• Fracture, capsule, tendon, and ligament lesion
• Congenital, metabolic & degenerative disorders of
musculoskeletal
 Tutorials

• Arthritis gout
• Osteomyelitis
 Skill-lab

1. Basic rheumatologic examination

2. Basic orthopedic examination
 Rheumatic diseases

• The most common chronic sources of pain, often multi-

system, may involve all the body’s organs, suffering and
physical disability in humans, most common in the
elderly, but may affect all age groups.
• The diagnostic approach is essentially clinical
• The basis for an accurate diagnosis lies in the doctor’s
clinical ability and in the precision and thoroughness the
clinical examination
• Laboratory tests are complementary knowledge and
skills
Differential diagnosis in rheumatology
The most common diagnoses per age group and gender
Introduction

Orthopaedics is
concerned with bones,
joints, muscles, tendons
and nerves – the
skeletal system and all
that makes it move
Introduction
Scope : Subdivision :
• Congenital & developmental • Traumatology
abnormalities
• Infection & inflammation • Orthopaedi :
• Arthritis & rheumatic 1. Adult Reconstruction
disorders 2. Oncology Orthopaedic
• Metabolic & endocrine
disorders 3. Pediatric Orthopaedic
• Tumours 4. Spine
• Sensory disturbance & 5. Hand & Microsurgery
muscle weakness
6. Sport Medicine
• Injury & mechanical
derangement
Introduction
Steps in orthopaedic diagnosis:
1. History taking
2. Physical Examination
* Posture
* Gait
1. LOOK
2. FEEL
3. MOVEMENT
4. Conduction of special tests
3. Further investigations
1. Examination of radiographs
2. Examination of blood, sinovial fluid, etc
 Orthopaedic Surgery

• To improve the well-being of humankind who suffer from

orthopedic conditions
• Examples abound:
– Joint replacement of major and nonmajor joints,
ligament reconstruction
– effective trauma care
– correction of deformities in children
– surgical treatment of musculoskeletal oncologic
conditions