Lecture 6

Theory of Machines
Balancing of Moments
 Balancing

• Balancing is the technique of correcting or eliminating unwanted inertia

forces and moments.
• 2 Types
• Static Balance
• Dynamic Balance
 Balancing of Rotating Masses

• Whenever a certain mass is attached to a rotating shaft, it exerts

some centrifugal force, whose effect is to bend the shaft and to
produce vibrations in it.
• In order to prevent the effect of centrifugal force, another mass is
attached to the opposite side of the shaft, at such a position so as
to balance the effect of the centrifugal force of the first mass.
• The process of providing the second mass in order to counteract
the effect of the centrifugal force of the first mass, is called
balancing of rotating masses.
Static Unbalance
Static Unbalance
Static Unbalance
Method 2: Graphical Method
Instruments Required:
1. Compass
2. D
3. Scale etc…..
Static Unbalance
Static Unbalance
 Static Unbalance

1. Draw the space diagram.

2. Find product of m and r of all masses.
3. Draw vector diagram.
Static Unbalance
 Dynamic Unbalance

• Several Masses Rotating in Different Planes causes Dynamic Unbalance.

• Reference plane is set between the many planes for calculation.
• To Balance multiple masses rotating in different planes, following conditions
must be met:
• The forces in the reference plane must balance, i.e. the resultant force must be zero.
• The couples about the reference plane must balance, i.e. the resultant couple must be
zero.
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
Dynamic Unbalance
 Dynamic Unbalance

• Reference:
• A Textbook of Theory of Machines by R.S.KHURMI-Chapter 21
 Quiz 5
• A rotating shaft carries four masses A, B, C and D which are radially attached
to it. The mass centers are 30 mm, 38 mm, 40 mm and 35 mm respectively
from the axis of rotation. The masses A, C and D are 7.5 kg, 5 kg and 4 kg
respectively. The axial distances between the planes of rotation of A and B is
400 mm and between B and C is 500 mm. The masses A and C are at right
angles to each other. Find for a complete balance,
• 1. the angles between the masses B and D from mass A,
• 2. the axial distance between the planes of rotation of C and D,
• 3. the magnitude of mass B.
 Quiz 5

• Four masses A, B, C and D revolve at equal radii and are equally spaced
along a shaft. The mass B is 7 kg and the radii of C and D make angles of 90°
and 240° respectively with the radius of B. Find the magnitude of the
masses A, C and D and the angular position of A so that the system may be
completely balanced.