• Organizational behavior starts with a set of

fundamental concepts revolving around the

nature of people and organization. These
concepts are the enduring principles that
form a strong foundation of organizational
behavior.
NATURE OF PEOPLE

Individual
Differences

Value of a Perception
Person

BASIC
CONCEPTS

Desire for
Involvement A Whole Person

Motivated
Behavior
 Definition: Use in an organization:
A. Individual Differences
•Each person is different from Individual differences
mean
one another, just as each that management can motivate
person’s DNA profile is employees best by treating
different. them differently. Individual
differences require that a
•the impact of nature manager’s approach to
employees be individual not
•the influence of nurture statistical.
 B. Perception
Definition: Use in an organization:
•which is the unique way on which a Managers must learn to expect
person sees, organizes and interprets perceptual differences among
things their employees accept people as
emotional beings, manage them
•People use an organized framework in individual ways.
that they have built out of a lifetime of
experiences and accumulated values

•People are also capable of selective

perception, in which they tend to pay
attention to those features of their work
environment that are consistent with or
reinforce their own expectations.
 C. A Whole Person
Definition: Use in an organization:
•We employ the whole person When management applies
not just their brains or skills
the principle of
Ergonomics is the scienceorganizational behavior, it is
of fitting workplace
trying to develop a better
conditions and job demands employee, but it also wants to
to the capabilities of the develop a better person in
working population terms of growth and
fulfillment, jobs shape people
•Skill does not exist apart somewhat as they perform
from background or them, so management must
knowledge. People function care about the job’s effect on
as total human beings. the whole person.
 D. Motivated Behavior
Definition: Use in an organization:
•From psychology we learn Management then has two
that normal behavior has ways to motivate people: it
certain causes. can show them how
•These may relate to a certain actions will increase
person’s needs or the their need fulfillment, or it
consequences that result can threaten decreased
from these acts. need fulfillment if they
•These needs are follow an undesirable
expounded in Maslow’s course of action.
Hierarchy of Needs.
 E. Desire for Involvement
Definition: Use in an organization:
•Many employees today are Management should not treat
actively seeking opportunities people as “pair of hands” or
at work to become involved in an economic tool.
relevant decisions, thereby
contributing their talents and
ideas to the organization’s
success.
•They hunger for a chance to
share what they know and to
learn from the experience.
 F. Value of the Person
Definition: Use in an organization:
•People deserve to be Management should
treated differently not treat people as
from other factors of “pair of hands” or an
production (land, economic tool.
capital, technology)
because they are of
higher order in the
universe.
NATURE OF ORGANIZATION

Social System

Mutual Interest

Ethics
 A. Social System
Definition: Use in an organization:
•Organizations are social systems The idea of a social system provides
governed by social laws and a framework for analyzing
psychological laws. organizational behavior issues.
It helps make organizational
•People’s behaviors in an behavior problems understandable
organization are influenced by the and manageable.
group as well as individual drives.

•Two types of social system exist

side by side in organizations, the
formal and informal system.
 B. Mutual Interest
Definition: Use in an
organization:
Symbiotic relationship between Management needs
organizations and people. employees to help them
Super ordinate goal - are goals that reach organizational
get people from opposing sides to objectives; people need
come together and work toward a organizations to help
common end result. This breaks them reach individual
down barriers, encourages people to objectives.
see each other as just people and not
as part of "that other group that we
dislike", and can help overcome
differences between the groups.
 C. Ethics (Rules of behavior)
Definition: Use in an organization:
•Organizations must treat When the organization’s goals and
employees in an ethical fashion. actions are ethical, it is more likely
that individual, organizational, and
•Companies have established code social objectives will be met.
of ethics, publicized statements of
ethical values, provide ethics
training, reward employees for
notable ethical behavior, publicized
positive role models, and set up
internal procedures to handle
misconduct.