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The document discusses units of measurement in physics. It states that most physical quantities have standard units, such as kilograms for mass and meters per second for speed. It also notes that the units for most physical quantities can be expressed as combinations of the fundamental units of mass, length, and time. Standard International (SI) units use the kilogram, meter and second as the base units.
The document discusses units of measurement in physics. It states that most physical quantities have standard units, such as kilograms for mass and meters per second for speed. It also notes that the units for most physical quantities can be expressed as combinations of the fundamental units of mass, length, and time. Standard International (SI) units use the kilogram, meter and second as the base units.
The document discusses units of measurement in physics. It states that most physical quantities have standard units, such as kilograms for mass and meters per second for speed. It also notes that the units for most physical quantities can be expressed as combinations of the fundamental units of mass, length, and time. Standard International (SI) units use the kilogram, meter and second as the base units.
With a few exceptions, all physical quantities have
units. Examples: Mass - kilograms (kg) Speed - meters per second (m/s) Pressure - pascals (P) Energy - joules (J) Electric Potential - volts (V) Rather surprisingly, the units of almost all physical quantities can be expressed as combinations of only the units for mass, length, and time, i.e., kilograms, meters, and seconds. A few physical quantities are pure numbers that have no associated units. January 5, 2009 Physics 114CA - Lecture 1 1 Standard International Units Standard International (SI) Units (also known as MKS) • Length: meter m • Mass: kilogram kg • Time: second s Units for almost all other physical quantities can be constructed from mass, length, and time, so these are the fundamental units. Unit Conversions 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 mi = 1.609 km 1 mph = 0.447 m/s 1 cm = 0.3937 in 1 km = 0.621 mi 1 m/s = 2.24 mph } English Units (Used only in USA, Liberia, and Myanmar)
Note: the English pound unit is a measure of force or weight, not mass. A kilogram has a weight of 2.2046 pounds at standard gravity.
January 5, 2009 Physics 114CA - Lecture 1 2
Prefixes
January 5, 2009 Physics 114CA - Lecture 1 3
Dimensions and Units
January 5, 2009 Physics 114CA - Lecture 1 4
Some Approximate Magnitudes
January 5, 2009 Physics 114CA - Lecture 1 5
Scalars and Vectors
Temperature = Scalar Velocity = Vector
Quantity is specified by a single Quantity is specified by number giving its magnitude. three numbers that give its magnitude and direction (or its components in three perpendicular directions). January 5, 2009 Physics 114CA - Lecture 1 6 Properties of Vectors