GREECE

EDUCATION SYSTEM
POLITICS
Form of Government

 The conventional short form for the country's name is Greece (Hellas
or Ellada). Its conventional official name is Hellenic Republic (Elliniki
Dimocratia)
 Since the Constitution was signed in 1975, after the military junta of
1967-1975 and a referendum which rejected the monarchy, the
newly built democratic Greek system is a parliamentary republic
with the President of the Greek Republic as the head of the state,
appointed by legislative power.
 The head of the Government today (since January 2015) and Prime
Minister of Greece is Alexis Tsipras, while President of the Hellenic
Republic (since 2015) is Prokopis Pavlopoulos.
 The President of the Republic is elected by the Parliament for a five-
year term (election last held 13 March 2015), and a maximum of
two terms in office. When a presidential term expires, Parliament
votes to elect the new President. In the first two votes, a 2⁄3 majority
(200 votes) is necessary. The third and final vote requires a 3⁄5 (180
votes) majority.
 If the third vote is fruitless, Parliament is dissolved and elections are
proclaimed by the outgoing President within the next 30 days. In the
new Parliament, the election for President is repeated immediately
with a 3/5 majority required for the initial vote, an absolute majority
for the second one (151 votes) and a simple majority for the third
and final one.
Political Organization

 The legislative power is hold by the Parliament, called "Vouli ton

Ellinon". The Parliament has 300 seats and its members are elected
every four years with elections. Voting is compulsory for citizens older
than 18 years.
 The executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic
and the Government.
 The judicial power is organized as followed: Supreme Judicial Court
and Special Supreme Tribunal are formed by judges appointed for
life by the president, after he has consulted a judicial council. The
legal system is based on a codified Roman law and is judiciary
divided into civil, criminal and administrative courts.
 Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras

 The prime minister is elected

by the people and he or she
is usually the leader of the
party controlling the absolute
majority of Parliament
members. According to the
Constitution, the prime
minister safeguards the unity
of the government and
directs its activities. He or she
is the most powerful person
of the Greek political system
and recommends ministers to
the President for
appointment or dismissal.
 President Prokopis Pavlopoulos
 The president has the power to declare war, to
grant pardon (forgiveness) and to conclude
agreements of peace, alliance, and
participation in international organizations; upon
the request of the government a simple
parliamentary majority is required to confirm such
actions, agreements, or treaties. An absolute or a
three-fifths majority is required in exceptional
cases (for example, the accession into the EU
needed a 3/5 majority).
 The president can also exercise certain
emergency powers, which must be
countersigned by the appropriate cabinet
minister. The president may not dissolve
parliament, dismiss the government, suspend
certain articles of the constitution, issue a
proclamation or declare a state of siege without
countersigning by the prime minister or the
appropriate cabinet minister. To call a
referendum, he must obtain approval from
parliament.
ATHENS
- is the capital and largest city of Greece. This bustling,
cosmopolitan metropolis with a population of nearly 3.3 Million
is the center of economic, financial, industrial, political and
cultural activity in Greece.
RELIGION
Christian Orthodox

 The Greek population in mainland Greece and the Greek islands is

Christian Orthodox per 98%. The religion of rest of the population is
Muslims, Catholic and Jewish. The Orthodox Church forms the third
largest branch of Christianity, after the Roman Catholics and the
Protestants
 A percentage of 1,3% are Greek citizens of Muslim religion, mostly
people living in Thrace who were not affected by the population
exchange of 1922 between the Greeks of Asia Minor and the Turks
of Greece. The rest 0,7% are Catholics, Jewish, Jehovah's Witnesses
and others. S
GREEK LITERATURE
ANCIENT GREEK LITERATURE

 Ancient Greek literature had four major writings; epic tradition, lyric
poetry, tragedy and comedy.
 An example of the epic traditions are the Iliad and the Odyssey.
 30% of the words in a ordinary dictionary comes from the ancient
Greek language.
 Our alphabet came from the Greek language.
Homer

 He legendary author of the Iliad

and the Odyssey, two epic poems
which are the central works of
ancient Greek literature.
 The Iliad is set during the Trojan War,
the ten-year siege of the city of Troy
by a coalition of Greek states. It
focuses on a quarrel between King
Agamemnon and the warrior
Achilles lasting a few weeks during
the last year of the war.
 The Odyssey focuses on the journey
home of Odysseus, king of Ithaca,
after the fall of Troy.
Sophocles

 was one of the most famous

and celebrated writers of
tragedy plays in ancient
Greece and his surviving works,
written throughout the 5th
century BCE, include such
classics as Oedipus the King,
Antigone, and Women of
Trachis.
Euclid

 His Elements is one of the most

influential works in the history of
mathematics, serving as the
main textbook for teaching
mathematics (especially
geometry) from the time of its
publication until the late 19th or
early 20th century.
 Euclid also wrote works on
perspective, conic sections,
spherical geometry, number
theory, and rigor.
GREEK MYTHOLOGY
GREEK MYTHOLOGY

 is the body of myths and teachings that belong to the

ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the
world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual
practices. It was a part of the religion in ancient Greece.
 had an extensive influence on the culture, arts and literature of
Western civilization and remains part of Western heritage and
language.
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Apollo, Greek God of the Sun, the  Ares, Greek God of War
Light, the Music and the Prophecy
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Dionysus, Greek God of Wine and  Hades, Greek God of the Dead
the Grape Harvest and King of the Underworld
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Hephaestus, Greek God of Fire  Hermes, Greek God of Trade,
and Metalworking Eloquence and Messenger of the Gods
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Poseidon, Greek God of the Sea  Zeus, Greek God of the Sky
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Aphrodite, Goddess of love,  Artemis, Greek Goddess of the Hunt,
beauty and sexuality Forests and Hills, the Moon, Archery
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Athena, Greek Goddess of  Demeter, Greek Goddess of agriculture,
Wisdom and War fertility, sacred law and the harvest
Greek Gods & Goddesses
 Hera, Greek Goddess of Marriage  Hestia, Greek Goddess of the
Hearth and Domestic Life