FISH

NUTRITION
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WHY THE *&!@ DO WE NEED
TO STUDY FISH NUTRITION?

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NATURAL
FEEDING
PATTERN

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 PRINCIPLE OF
FISH NUTRITION

Energy- Yielding Nutrients And Micronutrient

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Principle of Fish
Nutrition
Protein requirements usually are
lower for herbivorous fish (plant
eating) and omnivorous fish
(plant-animal eaters) than they
are for carnivorous (flesh-
eating) fish, and are higher for
fish reared in high density
(recirculating aquaculture) than
low density (pond aquaculture)
systems.
Lipids (fats) are high-energy
nutrients that can be utilized to
partially spare (substitute for)
protein in aquaculture feeds.
Lipids supply about twice the
energy as proteins and
carbohydrates.
Although not essential,
carbohydrates are included in
aquaculture diets to reduce feed
costs and for their binding
activity during feed
manufacturing.
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Principle of Fish
Nutrition
Vitamins are organic
compounds necessary in the
diet for normal fish growth and
health. They often are not
synthesized by fish, and must
be supplied in the diet.
Minerals are inorganic elements To create an optimum diet, the
necessary in the diet for normal ratio of protein to energy must
body functions. be determined separately for
each fish species. Excess energy
relative to protein content in the
diet may result in high lipid
deposition.
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 PRINCIPLE OF
FISH NUTRITION
FISH INGREDIENTS
 FISH INGREDIENTS

Fishmeal Fish Oil Land-animal

Protein And Oil
Vegetable
Protein And Oil
Astaxanthi
n

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 FISH INGREDIENTS

Wheat Vitamins and Groundnut

Offal Minerals Cake

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 Fish
Ingredients

MEDICATED FEEDS

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FEED FORMULATION

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To make the 27 percent crude protein carp feed, we
must mix 17/35.8 of rice bran with 18.8/35.8 soybean
meal.
Rice Bran 17/35.8 = 47.5%
Soybean meal 18.8/35.8 = 52.5%
So to make 100 kg of this feed we must mix 47.5 kg
of rich bran with 52.5 kg of soybean meal.

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PREPARED OR ARTIFICIAL
DIETS

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 PRINCIPLE OF
FISH NUTRITION
HAND FEEDING
AUTOMATIC FEEDERS

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DEMAND FEEDER

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Applied Within Feeding
Rings

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 PRINCIPLE OF
FISH NUTRITION

According to Temperature and Fish Size

Water Temp. (°F.) Feeding Frequency Food Type
Temperatures at 50° F. of
more than one month may
Less than 50ºF. Do not feed Koi. require supplemental
feedings of low protein and
high carbohydrates.
High carbohydrate, low
protein, laxative type foods.
2-3 times a week if Koi are
50-55ºF Wheat germ, Cheerios®,
hungry.
squash, lettuce and brown
bread.
Add low protein (25%) pellets
4-5 times per week if Koi are along with vegetables.
55-59ºF
hungry. Increase quantities gradually
as temperature increases.
Low protein (25%) pellets
Once per day six days per
59ºF along with high carbohydrate
week.
vegetables and fruit.
Gradually increase protein in
pellets (35%) and quantity of
60-65ºF Once per day every day.
pellets. Vary diet with
vegetables and fruit.
Bulk of diet should be 35%
protein pellets. Add fruits,
65-72ºF Once or twice per day.
vegetables, and plankton for
variety.
High protein pellets (35% to
40%) with color enhancers.
72-80ºF 3 to 4 times per day.
Add plankton, vegetables,
fruits, and shrimp.

Feeding Schedule According To Water

Temperature
Fish Size (g) Amount of Feed
(g/fish/day) (% of biomass)
5-10 0.5 10-5
10-20 0.8 8-4
20-50 1.6 8-3.2
50-70 2.0 4-2.9
70-100 2.4 3.4-2.4
100-150 2.7 2.7-1.8
150-200 3.0 2.0-1.5
200-300 3.7 1.9-1.2
300-400 4.5 1.5-1.1
400-500 5.2 1.3-1.0
500-600 6.0 1.2-1.0

Feeding Schedule According To Fish Size

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OVERFEEDING

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 PRINCIPLE OF
FISH NUTRITION
 FEEDING TO APPARENT SATIATION

Use of Automatic Minimal Metabolic Ensure all the Fish

Feeders/ Demand Energy Expenditure have Equal Access to
Feeder Associated with the Feed.
Feeding.
 CONCLUSION

At the end of this discussion, we were able to understand the

importance of having knowledge on fish nutrition and its principles.
We can conclude that the cost production of fish depends on its good
nutrition as seen on the nutrients present on the feed ingredients,
formulation and manufacture and applied through different feeding
practices and schedules. We must not overfeed the fishes but feed
them to their apparent satiation.

-KALANG-AD, A., PAC-ES, M., SANCHEZ, M., SOLIMEN, N.

 “
IT’S OKAY TO EAT FISH BECAUSE THEY DON’T HAVE ANY
FEELINGS.

—KURT COBAIN

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 Iyaman! 

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