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BRICK MASONRY WORK

Guided By Submitted BY:

Prof. JAYRAJ SOLANKI
Prof. ANKIT PATEL TANVI PATEL
Definitions of Masonry Construction
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 Masonry may be defined as the construction of

building units bonded together with mortar.

 The building units may be stones, brick or precast

concrete blocks.

 The term masonry is use to indicate the art of

building the structure in either stones or bricks.
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 former type is called the stones masonry and the

latter type is called brick masonry.

 The masonry is used for the construction of

foundations, wall, columns and other similar
components of a structure.

 The weight of 1cub.m of brick earth is about 1800kg.

The average weight of a brick will be about 3 to 3.50
kg.
 Technical Term used in Masonry
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Header Bed
Stretcher Queen closer
 Types of Masonry Work
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 Brick masonry
 Stone masonry
 Composite masonry
 Reinforced brick masonry
 Hollow concrete block masonry
 Brick Masonry
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 When the bricks are used as the building units, it is

called brick masonry.

 The construction of brick units bonded together

with mortar it also known as brick masonry.

 Thus, the essential components of brick masonry

are bricks and mortar.
 Strength of brick masonry
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 Quality and strength of bricks

 Type of mortar

 Method of bonding
 Various type of mortar used in
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brick masonry

 Cement mortar
 Lime mortar
 Cement-Lime mortar
 Lime-surkhi mortar
 Mud mortar
 Types of Bricks
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 Standard mortar bricks

 Traditional bricks
 Standard Mortar Bricks
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 Actual size:-19cm x 9cm x 9cm

 Nominal size:-20cm x 10cm x 10cm

 Thickness of wall with modular bricks

Wall ½ brick 1 brick 1 ½ brick 2 brick 2 ½ brick 3 brick

Thickness 10cm 20cm 30cm 40cm 50cm 50cm

of wall
 Traditional Bricks
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 Actual size:- 22.9cm x 11.2cm x 7.0cm

 Nominal size:- 22.9cm x 11.4cm x 7.6cm

 Thickness of wall with traditional brick

Wall ½ brick 1 brick 1½ brick 2 brick 2½ brick 3 brick

Thickness 11.4 cm 22.9cm 34.3cm 45.7cm 57.1cm 68.6cm

of wall
 Bricks
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 Classification of bricks
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First class bricks Second class bricks Third class bricks

Size: 19x9x9 cm They confirm to the They are quite irregular in
standard size , but slightly their size,shape,finish.
irregulary.

They are of good uniform They are fully burnt and They are not burnt
colour,well-burnt,hard ringing sound emitted when fully,reddish-yellow colour.
ringing sound emitted when struck .
struck with each other.

When immersed in water When immersed in water

for one hour, they do not for one hour, they do not
absorb water more than absorb water more than
one –sixth of their weight. one –fourth of their weight.
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 Procedure for laying blocks

 FACTORS AFFECTING
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 Thickness of Mortar
 Thickness of building unit
 Type of bonding
 Strength of Mortar
 Strength of Building Unit
 Direction of Loading
 Height of Masonry Unit
 Types of Bonds
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 English bond
 Flemish bond
 Stretching bond
 Header bond
 Garden wall bond
 Facing bond
 Raking bond
 Dutch bond
 English cross bond
 Zig-zag bond
 English bond
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 The English bond is the strongest bond , commonly

use for all wall thickness.
 It consists of alternate courses of headers and
stretchers.
 The arrangement of bricks is such that the vertical
joints in the header courses come over each other
and the vertical joints in the stretcher courses are
also come in the same line.
 In order to break the vertical joints in the successive course,
it is necessary to provide queen closer, after the first
header known as quoin header, in each heading course.

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 Flemish bond
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 In this type of bond, each course consists of

alternate headers and stretchers .

 Every alternate course starts with a header at the

corner, known as quoin header and the queen
closers are placed next to the quoin header; for
breaking of vertical joints in the successive courses.
 The alternate header of each course are placed in
the centre of the stretcher in the course below.
 In wall having thickness equal to odd number of half
bricks, the bats are used to achieve the bond.

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Flemish bond
 Stretcher bond
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 In this type of bond , all the bricks are arranged in

the stretcher courses.
 The stretcher bond is useful for one-brick partition
walls as there are no headers in walls.
 This bond does not develop proper internal bond, it
should not be used for walls having thicknesses
greater then that of one-brick wall.
 Stretcher bond
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 Header bond
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 In this type of bond all the bricks are arranged in

header courses.
 This bond dose not have strength to transmit
pressure in the direction of the length of the wall.
Hence it is not suitable for load-bearing wall.
 However this bond is used for curved surfaces in
brick work because stretchers, if used for curved
surfaces, would project beyond the face of the wall.
 Header bond
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 Garden wall bond
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 This type of bond , used for the construction of the

boundary walls, compound walls, garden wall.

 The wall is one brick wall and its height dose not
exceed 2 meter.

 The wall may be constructed either English bond or

the Flemish bond.
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Garden bond
 Facing bond
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 This type of bond is adopted for thick walls, where

the facing and backing are constructed with bricks
of different thickness.

 In this type of bond , a header course is placed after

several stretcher courses.

 Load distribution of not uniform.

 Raking bond
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 This type of bond is used in thick walls and

bonding-bricks are laid at and inclination to the
direction of the wall.

 This arrangement help to increase the longitudinal

of thick walls built in English bond.

 This bond is introduced at certain intervals along the

height of a wall.
 Raking Bond

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 Dutch bond
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 This is a modified form of the English bond and by

this bond, the corner of the wall is strengthened.

 The alternate courses are header and stretchers.

 The quoin of the stretchers course is a three-quarter

bat.
34 Dutch bond
 English cross bond
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 This is another modified form of the English bond.

 It is used to add beauty in the appearance of the

wall.

 The alternate courses are of headers and stretchers.

 The queen closers are placed next to the quoin

headers.
 English cross bond
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 Zig-Zag bond
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 It is commonly used for making ornamental panels

in the flooring of bricks.
 Defects in brick masonry
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 Corrosion of embedded fixtures.

 Crystallization of salts from bricks
 Shrinkage on drying
 Sulphate attack
 Cost of brickwork
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 Rate Of Brick=5/Nos
 Brickwork below plinth=3930/CMT
 Brickwork above plinth=4810/CMT
 Advantages
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 The use of material such as bricks and stones can

increase the thermal mass of a building and can
protect the building from fire.

 Most types of masonry typically will not require

painting and so can provide a structure with
reduced life-cycle costs.

 Masonry is non-combustible product.

 Disadvantages
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 Extreme weather, under certain circumstances, can

cause degradation of masonry wall surfaces due to frost
damage.

 Masonry tends to be heavy and must be built upon a

strong foundation, such as reinforced concrete, to avoid
settling and cracking.

 Other than concrete, masonry construction does not

lend itself well to mechanization, and requires more
skilled labor than stick-framing.
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Thank You…