HOME AND FAMILY

LIVING TOPIC OUTLINE

• The Filipino Family
• Desirable Filipino Values
• Responsible Parenthood
• Being Responsible Member of the
Family
• Maintaining Harmonious Family
Relationships
• Wholesome Recreational Activities
• Coping with Unexpected
• Developmental Tasks of Teenagers
• Behavioral Traits of Teenagers
• Importance of Adjustments in Family
Relationships
• The Importance of Keeping Friends
• Desirable Personal Values that
should be Developed by Teenagers
• Adequate Housing
• Housing Problems
• Solving Housing Problems
• Choosing an Ideal Home
• The Use of Colors
• Principles of Design
• Principles of Design in the Choice
of Furnishings
• Maintaining the Cleanliness and
Orderliness at Home
• Efficient Management of Home Activities
• Decision Making: An Aspect of
Homemaking
• Factors that Influence Home Management
• Principles of Work Simplification in
Relation to Movement
• Planning Wise Use Time, Effort and
Energy
• The Nature of Income and Expenses
• The Importance of Family Budget
• Preparing a Personal Budget
• Limiting Expenditures to One’s Budget
• The Needs and Demands of the Family
FAMILY SRUCTURE AND
FUNCTION
 WHAT IS FAMILY?
• SOCIOLOGIC VIEWPOINT- enduring social
form in which a person is incorporated

• BIOLOGIC VIEWPOINT- genetic

transmission unit

• PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEWPOINT- matrix of

personality development and the most
intimate emotional unit of society
 WHAT IS FAMILY?
• In terms of affinity (UNITED NATIONS) - a family is
a group of people related by blood, marriages or
adoption, who live together in one household

• TERKELSON AND CO-WORKERS, 1980- a family is

a small social system made up of individuals related to
each other, biologically or by reason of strong
affections and loyalty that comprises a permanent
household and persists over decades. Members enter
through birth, marriage, or adoption and leave by
death; roles of members change over time and
through the history of the group
 THE FILIPINO FAMILY
• The family in the Filipino mind is a defense
against hunger and old age, an eternal
source of food, clothing and shelter, an
environment where a Filipino can be
oneself. In the hierarchy of needs, the
family comes first.
 Filipino characteristics:
• Closely knit
• Bilaterally extended
• Strong family orientation
• Authority based on age
• Externally patriarchal, internally matriarchal
• High value on education
• Predominantly catholic (80%)
• Child-centered
• Average number of children is 5 ( NEDA statistics)
• Exposed to environmental stresses: economic,
political, urbanization, industrialization, health
problems
 Family as a special unit of care:
• Membership is a lifelong involvement
• Shared attributes
– Genetics- physical and psychological
– Developmental- shared home, lifestyle and
social activities
• Sense of belonging
- Security/defense against a potentially hostile
environment
- Companionship
 Family as a special unit of care:
• Social expectations
-Sense of responsibility towards members
-Sense of responsibility towards others
-Basis of affection/care

• Built-in problems
-Generation gap
-Dependence of members
-Emotional attachment/involvement
Family as a special unit of care:

• The family endures inspite of problems

-Resource utilization
-Authority
-Individual sense of responsibility
 FUNDAMENTAL CHARACTERISTIC
OF HEALTHY FAMILY:
• Shared power
• flexible organization
• adaptive problem solving capable of seeking
different solutions
• active coping mechanisms
• high levels of interaction
• multiple and varied contacts within and
without the family system
• support for personal growth
• encouragement of a high degree of autonomy
 FAMILY STRUCTURE

• It is the patterned sequence of behaviours

that are the observable interactions
between two or more members (haley,
1973)
• It is made up of set patterned sequences
of behaviours that respond to the
combined and interacting needs of family
members
CLASSIFICATION OF FAMILIES ACCORDING
TO INTERNAL STRUCTURES

I. NUCLEAR FAMILY
II. EXTENDED FAMILY
III. COMMUNAL OR CORPORATE FAMILY
IV. SINGLE- PARENT FAMILY
V. BLENDED FAMILY
VI. EMPTY SHELL FAMILY
VII.CLOSED TYPE FAMILY
VIII.OPEN TYPE FAMILY
IX. RANDOM TYPE FAMILY
 NUCLEAR FAMILY
- Composed of husband and wife and their
children in a union of recognized by the
other members of the society
- (Parson and bales, 1955): the members,
consisting of parents and their still
dependent children
 NUCLEAR FAMILY
(Murdock 1949) - every normal adult in every society
belongs to two kinds of nuclear families:
1. The family of orientation- family into which one
is born, and where one is reared or socialized. It
consists of a father, a mother, brothers and
sisters

2. The family of procreation- family established by

the person by his marriage and consists of a
husband, a wife, sons and daughters
 Main points of interaction in the
family:
Husband – wife relation
• Conjugal bond- the internal sense of obligation
and privilege, respect, affection, or sexual
attraction existing in the mind and heart of each
spouse

• Social pressure- the community expects the

husband and wife to be loving and faithful to each
other and to have a lasting and permanent
marriage

• Economic cooperation- the husband is the main

breadwinner while the wife takes care primarily of
the domestic needs of the family
 Main points of interaction in the
family:
Parent child relation
• Very strong filial bond between parents and
children
• Parents:
- Loving, caring and protective of their children
- work hard and even plunge into debt to
provide for their children
- train and discipline their children early in life
with high hopes for their bright future
- aspire to have their children attain a high level
of education
 Main points of interaction in the
family:
Parent child relation
• Children
– Love, respect and obey their parents
• Parents and children are also bound together by
the need for economic cooperation

• Rural areas- division of labor based on age and

sex provides each family member a special work-
role
– Sons are trained in farm work so that they may take
over the father’s responsibilities someday
– Daughters help their mother take care of the home
 Main points of interaction in the
family:
Siblings relations
• Mutual love, protection and respect
• Brothers are expects to look after their
sisters and protect them from harm
• Older siblings are given the responsibility
to take care of the younger ones especially
when the parents are away
• Younger siblings are turn to obey their
elders and look up to them with respect
 Main points of interaction in the
family:
Siblings relations
• Strength of the sibling bond is seen when
an older brother or sister stops schooling
or postpones marriage to be able to help
support or educate the younger ones
• Sibling unity is carried over even after
everyone is already married
 EXTENDED FAMILY
• includes three generations family
centered, live together as a group, and
through its kinship network provides
supportive functions to all members
• Composed of two or more nuclear families
economically and socially related to each
other
 EXTENDED FAMILY
Linton (Murdock, 1939) distinguishes two types of
family structure corresponding to the nuclear and
extended families. He refers to them as:
• Conjugal family- considers spouses and their
offsprings as of prime importance and which has a
fringe of comparatively unimportant relatives.
Marriage bond is emphasized

• Consanguinal family- considers the nucleus of

blood relatives as more important than the
spouses. The relationships of the person with the
blood kin formed during childhood is emphasized.
 COMMUNAL OR CORPORATE
FAMILY
• these communities of persons are formed
for specific ideological or societal
purposes and frequently considered an
alternative lifestyle for people who feel
alienated from a predominantly
economically oriented society
SINGLE- PARENT FAMILY- children 17 years old or
younger living in a family with single parent,
another relative or non-relative

BLENDED FAMILY- includes step parents, and step

children, separation, divorce and remarriage may
cause it

EMPTY SHELL FAMILY- less effective interaction

- Lacks the basic family function
- Living alone together (doctors, businessmen)
• CLOSED TYPE FAMILY- tightly structural
- Parents closely monitor the schedule of the
members
- Member is assigned a particular task with
corresponding punishments with non-compliance

• OPEN TYPE FAMILY- interaction with community

is encouraged
- Independence is encouraged, no distinct external
boundaries
• RANDOM TYPE FAMILY- “do your own
thing” is the family motto
- recurring problems by individual are solved
by itself/themselves
- “kanya-kanya”
 BASED ON DESCENT

1. Patrilineal descent- affiliates a person with a group of

relatives who are related to him through his father. The
child has also well defined relationships with his
mother’s kin, but when he finds it to seek aid he turns
to his father’s kin

2. Matrilineal descent- affiliates a person with a group

of relatives related to him through his mother

3. Bilateral descent- affiliates ah person with a group of

kinsmen related to him through both his parents
 BASED ON RESIDENCES

1. Patrilocal residence- newly married

couple live with or near the domicile of the
parents of the bridegroom

2. Matrilocal residence- newly married

couple live with or near the domicile of the
parents of the bride
 BASED ON RESIDENCES

3. Bilocal residence- gives the couple a

choice of staying with either the groom’s
parents or the bride parents, depending on
certain factors like the relative wealth of the
families or their status, and wishes of the
parents, or certain personal preferences of
the bride and the groom

4. Neolocal residence- permits the newly

married couple to reside independently of the
parents of either groom or bride
 BASED ON RESIDENCES:
5. Avunculocal residence- prescribes that
the newly married couple resides with or
near the maternal uncle of the groom. This
type of residence is very rare.
 BASED ON AUTHORITY

1. Patriarchal family- authority is vested in the

oldest male in the family, often the father
- the sons especially the eldest, enjoy prestige and
privileges

2. Matriarchal family- authority is vested in the

mother or the mother’s kin

3. Equaltarian/egalitarian family- husband and wife

exercise a more or less equal amount of authority
 BASED ON AUTHORITY:

4. Matricentric family- father’s prolonged

absence gives the mother a dominant
position in the family. However he father also
shares with the mother in decision making

(Burgess and Locke, 1963)- attribute its

emergence to the fact that in suburban
families, the father commute and therefore
are absent for the greater part of the day.
 5 BASIC AREAS OF FAMILY
FUNCTION

I. BIOLOGIC
II. ECONOMIC
III. EDUCATION
IV. PSYCHOLOGICAL/AFFECTION
V. SOCIO-CULTURAL OR SOCIALIZATION
 BASIC AREAS OF FAMILY
FUNCTION
I. BIOLOGIC
• Reproduction- within the marriage bond, sex
expression is usually sanctioned. Thus the perpetuation
and continuity of the group are assured

• Care and rearing of children- human infant is born

helpless and the parents fill the roles of protectors,
providers, and guardians
- From the family, the infant and later the child, draws
security, affection, and guidance and learns tenderness
sympathy, understanding and generalized love

• Nutrition
• Health maintenance
• Recreation
 BASIC AREAS OF FAMILY
FUNCTION
II. ECONOMIC- provide adequate financial
resources
• determine allocation of resources
• ensure financial security of members

III. EDUCATION- teach skills, attitudes and

knowledge relating to other functions
 BASIC AREAS OF FAMILY
FUNCTION
IV. PSYCHOLOGICAL/AFFECTION- promote
the natural development of personalities
• Offer optimum psychological function
• Promote ability to form relationships with
people outside the family circle

V. SOCIO-CULTURAL OR SOCIALIZATION-
socialization of children
• Promotion of social status and legitimacy
THANK YOU!