Anticipatory Guidance

Anticipatory Guidance
 Guidance and Safety

Anticipatory guidance is about 2 things:

• Caregiver understanding of child development and thus anticipating the child’s
needs and understanding behavioR
• Educating caregivers about injury prevention
 Nursing Responsibilities

⬥Need to be aware of risks in each age group in

order for anticipatory prevention teaching to
occur.
⬥Also need to have understanding of child
development and behavior.
⬥Enables nurse to guide parents regarding
childrearing practices that will help prevent
problems.
⬥Ideally, discuss risks before each age group
Healthy People 2010 Objectives R/T Safety

⬥Commonalities in all age groups:

Poisoning
MVA (motor vehicle accident)/Pedestrian accidents
Fire
Drowning
Homicide/suicide
Head injuries
Food safety
Dog bites
Sports protection
Abuse/assault/rape (covered in a future course)
Injury Prevention

⬥all pediatric age groups will include all or

some of the following ategories:
Aspiration
Suffocation/drowning
MVAs (#1 cause of death in all groups x infants)
Falls
Poisoning
Burns
Bodily injury
 Anticipatory Guidance During Infancy

• Infancy includes all the injury prevention

categories
Aspiration of foreign objects
Suffocation
Motor vehicle injuries
Falls
Poisoning
Burns
Drowning
Bodily injury
 Infancy cont’d

⬥Three leading causes of accidental death in

U.S. were suffocation, MVAs, drowning
⬥Remember that overall leading cause of death
in infants is congenital anomalies, not
accidents.
⬥Infant needs constant supervision and
vigilance d/t increasing skills and curiosity.
 During Early Childhood (Toddlers and
Preschoolers)

⬥Includes all categories;

⬥Toddlers are at risk because of high activity level,
high curiosity, oral fixation, limited reasoning
ability, esp. for poisoning
⬥Preschoolers understand reasons for rules; child
care focus shifts from protection to education;
good time for development of long-term safety
behaviors (e.g. swimming lessons, bike helmets)
 School Age

⬥Includes MVAs, drowning, burns, poisoning,

and bodily damage.
⬥Less injuries d/t more refined coordination
and skills, and increased cognition and
understanding.
 Adolescence

⬥Adolescent concerns are pregnancy, STDs

(Sexually Transmitted Infections ), eating
disorders, suicide, accidents, homicide
⬥Categories include MVAs, falls, drowning,
burns, poisoning , bodily damage.
⬥Caregivers also need information regarding
developmental changes and process of
gaining independence
 Selama rentang 7 bulan di 2015, total pelaku kecelakaan
mencapai 46.394 orang, dimana sebanyak 7.079 diantaranya
pelajar. Usia korban berstatus pelajar sebanyak 14.141 orang
atau 19,2 persen dari 73.546 korban.
Persentasi korban dengan latar belakang pendidikan Sekolah
Lanjutan Atas (SLA) adalah 57 persen, terbanyak kedua adalah
Sekolah Lanjutan Pertama (SLP) sebanyak 17 persen, kemudian
Sekolah Dasar (SD) sebanyak 12 persen, dan Perguruan Tinggi
(PT) sebanyak 6 persen.
Sedangkan data Korlantas Polri di 2010-2014, ada 157 ribu anak
di bawah umur yang menjadi korban kecelakaan. Sebaliknya, ada
setidaknya 25 ribu anak di bawah umur jadi pelaku kecelakaan
 Adolescence cont’d

⬥MVAs—single greatest cause of serious and

fatal injuries in teens—60% male—alcohol
frequently a factor; 10% may have been
suicides
⬥Firearms/other weapons—powder, paint, BB
⬥Sports injuries—football with boys;
gymnastics with girls. Important that sport
fits body type and ability and that protective
gear is worn
 Adolescence cont’d

⬥Adolescents have a sense of indestructiveness

accompanied by the “it won’t happen to me
syndrome” causing them to take chances in
areas of driving, sex, drugs and alcohol,
daredevil activities, and defying authority.