HSDPA Principle and Configuration

ISSUE 1.0

Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

Review

 The RAN subsystem based on R99/R4 has limit in bit rate and usage
of radio resource. It provides the users data services at hundreds of
kbps, but can’t bring the users with more distinguished feeling than
the GSM and GPRS network in data rate. The burst PS services
occupying dedicated channels don’t have high usage of the radio
resource
 HSDPA is introduced in 3GPP R5 to provide higher bit rate and
higher usage of radio resource
 HSDPA is one of the most important functions in RAN for every
operator

1 Internal Use
Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:


Describe the principle of HSDPA


Discuss the data configuration of HSDPA


Describe the signaling flow of HSDPA


Describe the radio resource management of
HSDPA

2 Internal Use
 I. HSDPA Overview

II. HSDPA Principle

III. HSDPA Data Configuration

IV. HSDPA Signaling Flows

V. HSDPA Radio Resource Management

3 Internal Use
 Mobile Market Opportunity – Mobile High Speed Internet

• Higher Speed & Bandwidth

Bandwidth • More Mobile Services
• Toady market opportunity • Lower Delay, Fluent Video
& Audio Services
• Mobile High speed Internet
Service…… • ……
High Quality Mobile
• Fluent Mobile VoD Service…… Experience • Anytime, Anyway and Any
device

B3G

Multimedia and Bandwidth

Mobile Broadband
Internet Bottleneck of Mobile Data
Service Development
3G
Mobile Narrow
Band Internet

2.5/2.75G
Mobile
Voice/SMS

2G
Mobile Service

4 Internal Use
 Mobile Technologies Market Pressure

Compare between GPRS, CDMA2000 and WCDMA R99/R4

3000 120%

2500 100%
Compare with 1x EV-DO,
WCDMA R99/R4 is in
2000 Obvious Inferior Position! 80%

1500 60%

1000 Peak Data Rate(Kbps) 40%

Average Rate(Kbps)
Frenquency Cost per Bit
Equipment Cost per Bit
500 20%

0 0%
GPRS EDGE cdma2000 1x 1x EV-DO WCDMA

CDMA Operators CDMA1X EV/DO EV/

DV
GSM Operators GPRS/EDGE R99???

New Mobile Operators

2004 2005 2006 2007

WiMAX(802.16e)
5 Internal Use
Compare Between HSDPA and other Technologies

Technologies Market Features Advantages Disadvantages

Bluetooth Wireless 1Mbps Low cost Low coverage

PAN/Family wireless 30 feet
network
UWB Family video At least 200Mbps Low cost Low mobility
wireless network High capacity
(802.15.3a)
WLAN Enterprise/Family (802.11b)11Mbps, Low cost Low mobility
wireless LAN (802.11a)54Mbps High capacity
300 feet
Unlicensed
Public hotspot 11,54Mbps Low cost Low mobility
wireless access 300 feet High capacity Low coverage
Unlicensed
WiMAX Fixed/mobility At least 10Mbps Low cost Immature
wireless broadband Several miles High capacity technologies
access market licensed High mobility
CDMA 1x EV DO Mobility wireless 2.4Mbps High mobility Middle capacity，No
broadband access co-carrier with
market CDMA 1X
HSDPA Mobility wireless 14.4Mbps High mobility
broadband access High capacity/Broadband
market Co-carrier with R99

6 Internal Use
What is HSDPA - The Steps for WCDMA Strategy

4G
ADSL is at
least
512Kbyte/s
……

More mobile
services
WCDMA R99/R4 of Lower Rate (300Kbps) 3G
can not be fit for Mobile High speed Service!

WCDMA Strategy
Step1- HSDPA R5 for improving Good Mobility
DL rate
•Peak Rate in DL: 14.4Mbps/Cell
•Higher spectrum efficient (+50%~300 %)
•Minor modify for R99/R4
Step 2- HSUPA R6 for improving
UL rate
Traditional Internet Experience
•Peak Rate in UL: 5.76Mbps/Cell Smooth Evolution
UL : DL=1 : 8

HSDPA = High Speed Downlink Packet Access

7 Internal Use
What is HSDPA? - Introduction

 HSDPA is a new technology introduced in 3GPP R5

 The primary objective behind HSDPA is for the establishment of a cost-effective, high-
Downlink bandwidth, low-delay packet-oriented service within UMTS.
 3GPP R5 specification has been finalised in June 2002.

 HSDPA makes a minor modify for R99 architecture

 HSDPA architects adhered to an evolutionary philosophy. HSDPA is a straightforward
enhancement of the R99/R4 architecture, with an additional repetition / scheduling
entity, MAC-hs within the Node-B that resides below the R99/R4 media-access control
(MAC) layer.

 HSDPA uses new technologies

 AMC, Adaptive Modulation and Coding
 HARQ, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request
 Fast Scheduling

8 Internal Use
HSDPA Brings Higher Quality Mobile Experience

Higher Rate
Mobile Download Mobile Internet

More Fluent
Mobile TV Mobile VoD

Cheaper Call
Cheaper Call More Users

9 Internal Use
 HSDPA Enlarge 3G Market Space

WCDMA R99/R4

WCDMA HSDPA

More mature, abundant HSDPA service HSDPA Modem and PCMCIA Card HSDPA CF/PCMCIA Card, PDA

802.20,1x EV DO etc Mobile ADSL etc Fixed Broadband Internet Wireless LAN etc Wireless
Broadband Wireless Access Market Access Market Enterprise Network Market

Mobile Operators Market Fixed Operator Market Enterprise Network Market

10 Internal Use
 I. HSDPA Overview

II. HSDPA Principle

III. HSDPA Data Configuration

IV. HSDPA Signaling Flows

V. HSDPA Radio Resource Management

11 Internal Use
  HSDPA Principle

 HSDPA Key Techniques

 HSDPA Impact on R99/R4

 HSDPA Evolution Trend

12 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques - Overview

AMC HARQ（Hybrid ARQ） Fast Scheduling

SF16, 2ms and CDM/TDM 16QAM 3 New Physical Channels

13 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques - AMC

 AMC (Adaptive Modulation & Coding) based on Channel Quality Feedback

 Adjust data rate to compensate channel conditions High data rate

 Good channel condition – Higher rate

 Bad channel condition – Lower rate
 Adjust the coding rate to compensate channel conditions

 Good channel condition –3/4

 Bad channel condition –1/3 Low data rate

 Adjust the modulation scheme to compensate channel conditions

 Good channel condition –16QAM

 Bad channel condition – QPSK
 Channel Quality Feedback (CQI)
 UE measures the channel quality (SNR) reports (every 2ms or more cycle) to Node-B
 Node-B choose modulation and block size, data rate primarily based on CQI

14 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques - HARQ

Conventional ARQ Hybrid ARQ

–Received Transmitted blocks are –Received Transmitted blocks are decoded
decoded
–Checked for CRC errors on decoded blocks
–Checked for CRC errors on decoded
–If errors
blocks
•Store the erroneous block without discarding
–If errors
•Request the trasmitter for retransmission
•discard the error bolcks
•Combine the received re-trasmission with
•Request the trasmitter for
previously received trasnmisison
retransmission
HARQ with Soft Combining
Packet 1 Packet 1 Packet2
NodeB

Transmitter

UE Packet1? N Packet 1 A
Receiver +
Packet1?

15 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques - Fast scheduling

Scheduling
determines
which user shall
be transmitted.

 Scheduler may be based on  Some basic schedulers

 CDM, TDM  Round Robin (RR)
 Channel condition  Maximum Queue (MAXQ)
 Amount of data waiting in the queue  Maximum C/I (MAXC/I) etc
(delay)
 Fairness (satisfied users)
 Cell throughput, etc

16 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques – CDM and TDM

SF=1

SF=2

SF=4 Channelization codes allocated

SF=8 for HS-DSCH transmission
8 codes (example)
SF=16

Rel 5 (HS-DSCH)
2 ms “sub-frames” (2560 chips)

Earlier releases
10 ms
20 ms
40 ms
80 ms

TTI

Shared
channelization
codes

User #1 User #2 User #3 User #4

17 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques – 16QAM

 HSDPA Modulation
 QPSK
 16QAM

18 Internal Use
 HSDPA Architecture-Protocol Stacks

R99/R4
R5

RLC RLC

MAC-d

MAC
MAC-hs HS- HS-
DSCH DSCH
DSCH DSCH
MAC- FP FP
FP FP
hs
L2 L2

PHY PHY
PHY PHY L1 L1
(3 new CHs) Uu (3 new CHs) Iub

UE Node-B RNC
Uu: New additional 3 Physical
Additional MAC-hs layer
Channels, HS-PDSCH (Downlink
on Node-B (H-ARQ, Iub: HS-DSCH FP
Data), HS-SCCH (Downlink Control
AMC and Scheduling etc) (Downlink DATA)
Signalling), HS-DPCCH (Uplink
Control Signalling)

19 Internal Use
 HSDPA Channel Structure

20 Internal Use
 HSDPA Key Techniques - 3 New Physical Channels

High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel

HS-PDSCH
• Data Share Channel: Peak Rate 14.4Mbit/s
• QPSK and 16 QAM
HS-PDSCH
DownLink HS-PDSCH • SF=16
HS-PDSCH

High Speed Shared Control Channel

HS-SCCH • SF=128
HS-SCCH • Convey some control information

HS-DPCCH High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel

HS-DPCCH
HS-DPCCH • SF=256
UpLink
• Convey ACK/NACK and CQI information
HS-DPCCH

21 Internal Use
 HSDPA Transport Channel

 HS-DSCH: High Speed Downlink Shared Channel

 The downlink data are transmitted to MAC-hs in NodeB in
MACD FLOW in Iub interface, with the format FP
 Every MACD FLOW bears many queues with different priority to
realize multiplexing services

22 Internal Use
 HSDPA Evolution – HSDPA and Future

Advanced HSPA

HSDPA/HSUPA • HSDPA/HSUPA
• Peak Rate:30 ~50Mbps
• HSDPA • MIMO
• Peak Rate: 14.4Mbps in DL • OFDM
• EUL, F-DPCCH •……
HSDPA • UE Diversity
• HSUPA
• HSDPA • Peak Rate: 5.76Mbps in UL
• Peak Rate: 14.4Mbps in DL • HARQ
and 384Kbps in UL • Fast UL Scheduling
• 3 New Physical Channels
• AMC, H-ARQ
• Fast Scheduling

3GPP R5 (2002) 3GPP R6 (2005) 3GPP R7 (2007)

3.84Mbps×4×15/16 = 14.4Mbps

23 Internal Use
 I. HSDPA Overview

II. HSDPA Principle

III. HSDPA Data Configuration

IV. HSDPA Signaling Flows

V. HSDPA Radio Resource Management

24 Internal Use
 HSDPA Data Configuration

 Solutions for HSDPA

 Huawei Products for HSDPA
 Data Configuration for HSDPA

25 Internal Use
 Comprehensive Products Family

Urban
Hotspot
Blindspot
Railway
Highway
Rural
BBU 3836 BTS3812E
2TRX 36TRX 12TRX
Outdoor Indoor Macro Indoor Macro
Micro NodeB Baseband Unit NodeB

RRU 3801/3803C
Distributed NodeB Abundant Interface Comprehensive Products

HDU, CBD
BSC6800
BBU 3806/3806c
16xE1, 4xSTM-1,
IP transport……

BTS3812A
Indoor
BTS3801B Hotspot 12TRX
Outdoor Macro
NodeB

26 Internal Use
 Impact on RNC

Enhanced RRM Algorithms

 Admission control
 Mobility management
 Channel type switching

RNC
 Interface Signalling
 Additional data, control frames over Iub/Iur
RLC
RRM  NBAP signalling (Iub)
MAC  RNSAP signalling (Iur)
 RRC signaling (Uu)

Transport

 Transport
 High bandwidth (Iub, Iur, Iu)
 Management

27 Internal Use
 HSDPA Capable RNC

 Large capacity & highly scalable

» Max. 40K Erl/960M/1600 Node Bs/ 4800 cells
 High density & highly scalable
» Single rack solution Huawei RNC

» Modular design for smooth expansion BSC6800

 Abundant physical ports

» 64 STM-1 + 1024 E1/T1
» 64 STM-1 + 32 Channelised STM-1
» 16 STM-4 + 1024 E1/T1
» 16 STM-4 + 32 Channelised STM-1
 Hardware ready for HSDPA
WRSS WRSS WRBS WRSS »Software upgrade to
WRBS
WRBS

WRBS WRBS WRBS

… WRBS
WRBS
WRBS
WRBS
WRBS
support HSDPA
WRBS
WRBS  No impact on architecture
WRBS
BAM BAM WRBS BAM
WRBS WRBS when HSDPA introduced
WRBS
WRBS
WRBS
WRBS
 No need to increase RNC
Single RACK 2 RACKs 6 RACKs capacity

28 Internal Use
 Huawei HSDPA Product – Macro NodeB

Huawei HSDPA HW Ready!

Full Rate, Full Services!

 Common Features
 Full compliant with the latest 3GPP R5
version;
 Various services supported (Background,
Interactive, Streaming Services ) BTS3812A BTS3812E
 HSDPA hardware ready;
 Maximum 12 cells
 Easy upgrading with software update;
 Maximum 16/64 HSDPA users
 Various schedules and flexible RAB
per cell;
supported;
 Maximum 15 codes per cell
 Peak data rate for a single user : 4Mbps in
DL, 384Kbps in UL;  Peak data rate up to 14.4Mbps

 R99/HSDPA Co-carrier supported;

 Flexible configuration with license;
 2ms and 10ms short frames supported;

29 Internal Use
 BBU + RRU Solution

Host NodeB /BBU RRU

I/Q digital signal
TRX
Base band Optical fiber
processing unit RF unit
RRU3802C

By optical fiber, shares processing BTS3812E

resources with Host NodeB.

RRU3802C
Optical
 Solve hotspots and coverage hole at same time Fiber
 Making full use of Macro NodeB’s capacity
 Smooth expansion
IDS
 No TMA needed Softer HO
 Softer Handover  High QoS
Dense Urban

30 Internal Use
Huawei HSDPA Product – Distributed Node B

+ + = DBS3800
BBU3806 BBU3806C RRU3801C

 19 inch” box  480mm(H)*340mm(W)  480mm(H)*340mm(W)*135MM(D)

 weight ≤ 3kg
 Power consumption: ≤
50W
 Support 3 cells
 15 code per cell
*135MM(D)
 weight ≤ 15kg
 Power consumption: ≤
50W
 Support 3 cells
 weight ≤ 20kg
 Power consumption: ≤ 200W
 Support 2 Carriers
 Output power at TOC:20W/30W

 16/64 users per cell  15 code per cell

 Peak data rate up to  16/64 users per cell Huawei HSDPA HW Ready!
14.4Mbps  Peak data rate up to Full Rate, Full Services!
14.4Mbps

31 Internal Use
 Huawei HSDPA Product - Pico NodeB

 BTS3801B V1.5
 Full compliant with the latest 3GPP R5 version;
 Various services supported (Background, Interactive, Stream services)
 One carrier, one sector;
 Peak data rate 3.6Mbps/Cell;
 Maximal 30 HSDPA users/cell;
 Compact size and low weight; BTS 3801B
 Quick and easy installation;
 Adaptable to the environment with tailor made covers;

 BTS3801B V1.6 (2006Q4)

 Uu peak rate: 14.4Mbps/Cell Huawei HSDPA HW Ready!
 Iub peak rate: 7.5Mbps Full rate, Full Services!
 64 HSDPA users

32 Internal Use
 Where to Introduce HSDPA

 Introducing HSDPA into indoor as early as possible

 Deploy HSDPA nationwide - continued coverage

 Continued coverage in dense-urban (DU) and urban (U)
 + Hotspot
 + Indoor solution
 High performance
 Deploy HSDPA on hotspots or in-building – discontinued coverage
 Hotspot
 + Indoor solution
 Low cost

33 Internal Use
 How to Deploy HSDPA
Dedicated carrier for HSDPA
Dedicate one carrier for HSDPA (although there will always be
some R99/R4 traffic on that carrier due to the associated DCH and
multi-calls) and leave one or two carriers for all the R99/R4 traffic.

F1 R99/R4 F1 R99/R4

HSDPA HSDPA HSDPA

F2 F2

Shared carrier (s) for R99/R4 and HSDPA

One or more carriers support both R99/R4 and HSDPA users,
DCH channels of R99/R4 bear CS and some low-speed PS data
services, HS-DSCH channels of HSDPA bear high-speed PS data
services.
F1 R99/R4 +HSDPA

F1 R99/R4 +HSDPA
F2 R99/R4 + HSDPA

34 Internal Use
 Carriers requirements

 Services on R99 has higher priority

 If 1 carrier is enough for R99 service
 adding one dedicated for HSDPA
 or remain 5 codes for HSDPA – low performance
 If 2 carriers are needed for R99
 introduce micro cell
 or remain 5 codes for each R99 carrier – low performance
 2 carrier is recommended for indoor solution
 1 carrier for R99
 1 carrier for HSDPA

35 Internal Use
 How deploy HSDPA

Dedicated carrier for HSDPA

Advantage
»In principle, this would allow the operator to obtain the
highest system throughput since all the resources in the
carrier will be dedicated to HSDPA, as well as minimize the
disruption on the R99/R4 network.
Disadvantage
»Carrier reselection and Handover between 2 carriers will
cause additional resource expenditure and time delay
Possible scenarios
»This configuration could be particularly interesting for
areas where there is still enough capacity on R99/R4
carriers to cope with all the R99/R4 CS and PS traffic and
a packet data traffic increase is expected, e.g.
indoor/outdoor hotspots, train stations, airports, business
parks, universities, shopping centres, etc.

36 Internal Use
 How deploy HSDPA

Shared carrier for HSDPA

Advantage
»R99/R4 and HSDPA can effectively share the carrier
resource by utilising dynamic power and code allocation
Disadvantage
»Careful design and parameter setting should be
considered in order not to affect the R99/R4 coverage and
capacity
Possible scenarios
»This configuration could be particularly interesting for
HSDPA continuous coverage scenario in R5 initial phase,
when HSDPA penetration is low and data rate requirement
is not very stringent

37 Internal Use
 How deploy HSDPA

 Comparison between dedicated carrier and shared carriers

Shared Carriers Dedicated carrier

Carrier F1 F2 F1 F2
configuration (R99/R4+HSDPA) (R99/R4+HSDPA) (R99/R4) (mainly HSDPA)
Carrier Random A、Directed RRC connection setup
selection B、Cell selection and reselection
procedure
C、Usage of different location areas

Handover Less handover and retry between More handover and retry between
strategy carriers carriers
Application Outdoor continuous coverage Indoor/Outdoor hotspots etc.
scenario

38 Internal Use
 How to Deploy HSDPA

 Comparison between continuous and discontinuous HSDPA coverage

Coverage Strategy discontinuous Partial continuous Fully continuous

CAPEX Lowest Middle Highest

Support HSDPA Worst Better Best

users mobility

Handover between Most Less Least

R99 & HSDPA

HSDPA users Worst Better Best

experience

39 Internal Use
 HSDPA Deployment Evolution

 Initial Phase ： HSDPA penetration rate is low and large data

throughput demand is only expected in Dense Urban and Urban
areas.
 One carrier with R99/R4 + HSDPA (DCH bears CS traffic and HS-
DSCH bears most PS traffic) to cover Metro city and developed city
 Few hotspots import 2nd carrier, adopt strategy of dedicated or
shared carriers
 Coverage of HSDPA is continuous to improve the user experience
 Most areas in suburban and rural are still covered by R99/R4
network

40 Internal Use
 HSDPA Deployment Evolution (Continued)

 Middle/Later phases: HSDPA penetration rate is higher

 Data throughput demand increases fast
 One carrier with R99/R4 + HSDPA in most areas
 More areas import 2nd carrier, and both carriers adopt the strategy of
shared carriers

F2=
R99/R4+HSDPA
F1=
R99 Load

R99/R4+HSDPA
throughput of PA3 DU

4000
3000
F1 = 1 user
2000
5 users
R99/R4+HSDPA 1000
0
5 codes 5 codes 10 codes 10 codes
50% power 25% power 50% power 25% power
HSDPA Load

41 Internal Use
 HSDPA Deployment Evolution

 HSDPA Deployment Strategy (continued):

Continued coverage:
One carrier for R99/R4
Metro city and developed city:
One carrier for R99/R4 + HSDPA
Hotspot:
Two carriers for R99/R4+ HSDPA
Continued coverage:
One carrier for R99/R4+HSDPA
Developed city, Hotspot:
Two carriers for R99/R4+HSDPA
Hot
spot

Hot
spot

3G Middle/Later phases
More HSDPA users

3G initial phase
Fewer HSDPA users

2G network

42 Internal Use
Impact on Transport Network

 Higher transmission bandwidth is required

Iub, Iur and Iu-ps
RNC will use bandwidth sharing to improve the BW efficiency in ATM mode
NRT data service shall not affect the RT service

kbit/s
“Guaranteed”
HSDPA VBR
Bandwidth
Possible extra
HSDPA VBR
Bandwidth
R99 CBR VC Average used R99
Bandwidth CBR VC Bandwidth
t

43 Internal Use
 IP Solution for HSDPA

NodeB
SGSN
IP transmission network
IP/E1/T1/STM-1/FE
IP/E1/T1/STM-1/FE

RNC
TDM transmission network

MSC NodeB

 The IP based separate transmission scheme can reduce the

transmission expenditure greatly
 The IP network access method, such as SHDSL, ADSL and VDSL, can
be selected flexibly according the specific situation
 The clock info of Node B can be extracted from TDM transport network

44 Internal Use
 Hybrid IP Iub Transport

 E1 for QoS guaranteed services

FE
NodeB
FE/GE RNC

NodeB
FE
FE/GE
IP Backbone

IP DSLAM
FE
NodeB XDSL
Modem  IP for BE PS service E1 €5,800/year
VDSL €600/year

Rental cost of VDSL is much cheaper than that of E1!

Hybrid IP-RAN solution can meet the high transmission bandwidth

requirement when HSDPA & HSUPA are introduced.
VDSL+E1 (€ 6,400/year) vs. 6 E1 (€ 34,800/year) vs. 80% E1 rental saving

45 Internal Use
 Add AAL2Path Supporting HSDPA

 At least 2 AAL2Path should be added to the NodeB that has

HSDPA cells
 One AAL2Path is for R99 service, and the other is specially for
HSDPA service. The latter should be configured with larger
bandwidth for all the HSDPA users
 The command is “ADD AAL2PATH:”, pay attention to that
AAL2PATHT type should be HSDPA_RT or HSDPA_NRT

46 Internal Use
 Add HSDPA Cell

 R99 cell has been setup first

 Then HSDPA cell shall be set up
 The MML command is “ADD CELLHSDPA: CELLID = 0,
HSPDSCHCODENUM = 5, HSSCCHCODENUM = 4, HSDPAPOWER
= 380, HSPDSCHMPOCONSTENUM = 2.5DB;”
Here the CELLID is the ID of R99 cell set up before ;
HSPDSCHCODENUM is the HS-PDSCH channel code number
which is up to 15
HSSCCHCODENUM is the HS-SCCH channel code number,
which generally is 4
HSDPAPOWER is HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH power, the proper
parameter can balance the effect of R99 and HSDPA service
 ACT CELLHSDPA to activate the HSDPA cell to providing service

47 Internal Use
 HSDPA User Registered in CN

 HSDPA should be registered in SGSN and HLR to configure

the relative parameter
 HSDPA users data rate should be downlink at 2.048Mbps,
uplink at 64kbps, service type should be BE service
(Interactive or Background)
 IPoA of IU-PS interface should have larger enough bandwidth

48 Internal Use
 I. HSDPA Overview

II. HSDPA Principle

III. HSDPA Data Configuration

IV. HSDPA Signaling Flows

V. HSDPA Radio Resource Management

49 Internal Use
 HSDPA Architecture-HSDPA Basic Flow

4) Check HS-DSCH parameter, If Ok, 2) Schedule and determine

Receive, Store data and demodulate HS-DSCH parameter

1) CQI on HS-DPCCH
3) Send HS-DSCH Parameter on
HS-SCCH and Data on HS-PDSCH Data Packet
5) ACK/NACK on HS-DPCCH

6)Data packet+retransmit(if need)

On HS-DSCH
UE Node B RNC

50 Internal Use
 HSDPA Cell Setup
 If the NodeB support HSDPA (which noted in the Audit
Response message) and the CRNC decide to set up HS-
DSCH channels for the services, the CRNC send the
signaling to setup HSDPA channels after the HSDPA cell is
set up
 The CRNC initialize the process of Physical Shared
CHANNEL RECONFIGURATION to order the resource for
configuring the HS-DSCH channels of the NodeB
 When the configuring finishes, the radio links carried by
the HS-DSCHs of the cell are set up

C RNC Node B
PHYSICAL SHARED CHANNEL
RECONFIGURATION REQUEST

PHYSICAL SHARED CHANNEL

RECONFIGURATION RESPONSE

51 Internal Use
 HSDPA Service Access

 The general flows of the HSDPA service and the non-HSDPA

service are almost the same, the main difference is the
information of the transport channels and physical channels
of the Uu/Iur/Iub interfaces, that is, during the setting up
procedure of the HSDPA service, HS-DSCH and HS-SCCH
will be found in the messages of RL RECFG PREP and RB
SETUP REQ.
 Only the Uplink DCH macro diversity will be configured
during the soft handover process.
 HS-PDSCH has no macro diversity but Uplink DCH does,
so the Downlink data will exist in the serving cell during
the soft handover process.

52 Internal Use
 HSDPA Service Access

 There is RL parameter updating process during HSDPA

service, that is an unique process of HSDPA
 The details are that:
 NodeB sends the RL PARA UPDATE IND message to
RNC about what parameters should be modified when it
finds that the code resource situation should be adjusted
or the power resource is not enough
 RNC will judge whether to do RL reconfiguration for the
above parameters
If RNC decide to adjust, then it shows this information
(only modifying the RL of serving cell) by inserting the
GRANT bits into the message of RL RECFG PREP

53 Internal Use
 I. HSDPA Overview

II. HSDPA Principle

III. HSDPA Data Configuration

IV. HSDPA Signaling Flows

V. HSDPA Radio Resource Management

54 Internal Use
 HSDPA Radio Resource Management

 HSDPA power and code resource allocation

 HSDPA channel mapping and admission control
 HSDPA power control
 HSDPA mobility management
 HSDPA channel type switching and reallocation
 HSDPA flow control

55 Internal Use
 Implementation of MAC-hs

Coding
and
modulation

Code Code available

allocation CQI Value
TFRC

Stat. Of ACK/NACK
ACK/NACK
HS-DPCCH
HARQ demodulation and CQI adjustment
Waiting time
decode

OM Scheduler CQI Value Power limitation

parameters
Queue filling info Power
Queue priority
management
Queues/flow
control Power for HSDPA
power monitor
Data flow
SRNC(MAC-d) Control signal

56 Internal Use
Power Sharing between R99 and HSDPA
 Different power allocation scheme when HSDPA services
and R99 services share the same carrier
 R99 channels for voice, video phone and low data rate services, HSDPA channels for
mid and high data rate services
 No change of the original cell radius and load threshold
 Compared with static power allocation scheme, dynamic power allocation between R99
and HSDPA can enhance the utilization efficiency of power and improve the system
throughput (2ms precision for power adjustment period)
Full usage
Power not of power
Total Power
Total Power be used

Power for HSDPA Power for HSDPA

Power for DPCH

Power for DPCH
Power for CCH
Power for CCH
Fixed scheme Time Flexible scheme Time

57 Internal Use
 Static HSDPA Code Allocation
Allocation is OM configurable

 SF=256
 SF=128 ┏━●C(256,0): PCPICH
 ┏ 0 ┫
 SF=64 ┃ ┗━●C(256,1): PCCPCH
 ┏ 0 ┫
 ┃ ┃ ┏━●C(256,2): AICH
 ┃ ┗ 1 ┫
 SF=32 ┃ ┗━●C(256,3): PICH
 ┏ 0 ┫
 SF=16 ┃ ┗ ●C(64,1):SCCPCH 1
 ┏ 0 ┫
 ┃ ┃
 ┃ ┃ ┏ ●C(64,2):SCCPCH 2
 ┃ ┃ ┃
 ┃ ┗ 1 ┫
 SF=8 ┃ ┃ ┏━●C(128,6):HS-SCCH 1
 ┏ 0 ┫ ┗ 3 ┫
 SF=4 ┃ ┗━○1 ┃
 ┏ 0 ┫ ┗━●C(128,7):HS-SCCH 2
 ┃ ┗ ○1
 ┃
 ┗━○1
 ┏━○2
 ┃ ┏ ○6 ● CCH
 ┃ ┃ SF=16 ● HSDPA
 ┃ ┃ ┏ ●C(16,14):HS-PDSCH 2 ○ DCH
 ┗━ 3 ┫ ┃
 ┗ 7 ┫
 ┗ ●C(16,15):HS-PDSCH 1

58 Internal Use
 Dynamic HSDPA Code Allocation

 RNC Controlling Dynamic Channel Code Allocation

 Based on the static code allocation, RNC continously adjusts the reserved HSDPA code
resource to be fit for the actual need of the service of the cell
 RNC monitors the code resource usage situation of the cell
 If the RNC founds many DPCH channel codes idle and among which there is a code with
SF 16 neighboring to the HSDPA channel code, it will release this code and reallocate it to
HSDPA; Reversely, if the RNC find the DPCH channel code resource is lacking, it will
release a HSDPA channel code with SF 16 for DPCH channel
 To guarantee the need of the streaming service in HSDPA channel, and also to consider
the BE service in DPCH channel (for R99 UE), the RNC will reserve least code resource
for HSDPA, which is reserved by static code allocation mode

Reserved Shared Code

Code for CCH

00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Maximum Code Number Minimum Code Number

Available DPCH Channel Code Available HSDPA Channel Code

59 Internal Use
HSDPA Channel Mapping and Parameter Configuration

 Channel Mapping, allocate most proper channel type and resource

RB on FACH
Interactive

Background mapping RB on DCH

Streaming
RB on HS-DSCH
 Basic Principle:
 The real-time service is borne on R99 DCH channel, non real-time service is borne
on HS-DSCH channel
 The low rate data service may be allocated directly on the R99 DCH channel. If the
service borne on the HS-DSCH channel, it will occupy the small bandwidth channel
of HS-DPCCH (Uplink), DPCH (Uplink/Downlink) and the shared HS-SCCH.
 Main Parameters
 The data rate threshold of the BE service and PS streaming service mapped to
HSDPA channel
 The switch to control whether to map streaming service on HSDPA channel
60 Internal Use
 HSDPA Admission Control
 HSDPA admission control
 The admission of associated DPCH（Up/Downlink, the same as that in R99）
 The admission of Uplink HS-DPCCH（the same as that in R99）
 The admission of HSDPA channel resource（different to that in R99）

 Guarantee the QoS of RAB

Yes Admitted
RAB QoS from UE QoS could
be
satisfied ? No Rejected
NodeB Measurement Report
RNC

The required service will be mapped to HSDPA after all HSDPA admissions
pass and so does the associated DPCH admission

61 Internal Use
 HSDPA Power Control

 Downlink，HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH power control

 RNC has configured the maximum power of the relative HSDPA
channels for NodeB, NodeB can’t transmit more power than the
configuration
 R99 channels and HSDPA channels share the power dynamically,
NodeB can allocate the remaining power of DPCH channels for HSDPA
channel
 Uplink，HS-DPCCH power control。
 There is no separate power control for the HS-DPCCH. There is a
power offset between the HS-DPCCH and the UL DPCCH. The offset
varies when the HS-DPCCH carries different types of information

62 Internal Use
 HSDPA Mobility Management

 HSDPA Channel Switch

 Serving HS-DSCH Cell Change
 HO between R99 and HSDPA Cells
 HO between RNCs
 Direct Retry
 Handover Based on Service

63 Internal Use
 HSDPA Channel Type Switching
 Channel Type Switching and state transition supported
 Channel Switching between HS-DSCH and FACH
 Since the HSDPA UE occupies the DPCH, the UE will be switched from the
HS-DSCH to the FACH to reduce occupation of the DPCH when the following
conditions are met:
– The HS-DSCH carries the BE service for the UE.
– There is no data flow of any of the services for a certain length of time
 Channel Switching between HS-DSCH and DCH
 The switching between the HS-DSCH and DCH is due to the switching of the
cells.
– UE moves from a R99 cell to an HSDPA cell.
– UE moves from the HSDPA cell to a R99 cell

CELL_DCH

CELL_PCH CELL_FACH

CELL_DCH
(with HS-DSCH)

64 Internal Use
Serving HS-DSCH Cell Change

 A UE may have two connections with the network after introducing

the HSDPA
 HSDPA connection, a UE can keep only one HSDPA connection
with the network at a time. The HSDPA handover includes:
 HSDPA cell to HSDPA cell
 HSDPA cell to R99 cell
 HSDPA cell to GSM/GPRS cell
 R99 connection, similar to the R99 system handover, the DPCH
handover includes:
soft handover
hard handover
inter-RAT handover

65 Internal Use
 Serving HS-DSCH Cell Change
 Synchronized serving HS-DSCH cell change
 Events 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D are used
 Intra-Node B serving HS-DSCH cell change
 Inter-Node B serving HS-DSCH cell change
 Serving HS-DSCH cell change over Iur

CELL1 R5 CELL 2 R5 CELL1 R5 CELL 2 R5

HS-DSCH
CELL 2 HS-DSCH
triggers ID
event After serving cell
change

66 Internal Use
Serving HS-DSCH Cell between NodeBs Change
- Active Set not Changed

RNC RNC

Source HS - Target HS -
DSCH Node B DSCH Node B

MAC-hs MAC-hs
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
s t

Serving Serving
HS-DSCH HS-DSCH
radio link radio link

67 Internal Use
 Handover between HSDPA and R99
 From HSDPA to R99
 Channel switching from HS-DSCH to DCH
 Intra-frequency or inter-frequency handover

Carrier A CELL 1 R99 CELL 2 R5 CELL 1 R99 CELL 2 R99

Carrier B HSDPA HSDPA

CELL A R5
users users
Case 1 Case 2

 From R99 to HSDPA

 Intra-frequency or inter-frequency handover
 Channel type switching from DCH to HS-DSCH

CELL 1 R99 CELL 2 R5

Data user

68 Internal Use
 Iur Solution for Phase1
 Iur interface inter-operation is not supported
 Soft handover scenario: Iur connection is available between two RNCs
 Establish connection via Iur interface, channel type switched from HS-DSCH to DCH.
 After SRNS relocation, new SRNC will determine the best channel type.

CN CN CN

Iu Iu Iu
Iur Iur RNC2 RNC SRNC
SRNC RNC2 SRNC

HS-DSCH DCH DCH or

DCH Uu Uu HS-DSCH
Uu

1. Quality is good 1. Serving cell is 1. New SRNC

enough to add into deleted could re-select
the active set 2. Data service is the channel
2. DCH is used mapped on DCH type

69 Internal Use
Iur Solution for Phase1 (cont.)
 Hard handover scenario:
 No Iur connection is available between RNCs, or Hard handover is
triggered (inter/intra-frequency)
 Action: SRNS relocation

CN CN

Iu
Iu
SRNC RNC(DRNC) RNC
SRNC(CRNC)
Iub
Iub

HS-DSCH
• No Iur established Uu
Uu
• New SRNC will
determine the
target channel type

Before SRNS relocation After SRNS relocation

70 Internal Use
 Iur Solution for Phase 2

HSDPA inter-operation is supported between SRNC and DRNC

 Cell change between SRNC and DRNC is performed

CN CN

Iu Iu
Iur Iur DRNC
SRNC DRNC SRNC

HS-DSCH DCH DCH HS-DSCH

Uu Uu

71 Internal Use
Direct Retry for HSDPA

 Direct retry from R99 cell to R5 cell

 Conditions:
 UE in cell 1 requests to establish an BE/streaming RAB, or
 UE of Cell-FACH state has much BE/streaming data volume to transfer
(Switch channel type from FACH to HS-DSCH)
 Existing cells: support HSDPA, with same coverage area
 Advantage: To make full use of HSDPA resource

Carrier A CELL2 R99 CELL 1 R99 Direct retry

HSDPA
resource
Carrier B CELL A R5

72 Internal Use
 Traffic management for HCS
 Traffic management principle and methods
 R99 traffics are pushed to and then kept in carrier A, and HSDPA traffics are
pushed and kept in carrier B
 Methods available

 Cell selection and reselection parameter setting

 Direct retry
 Inter-frequency handover

R99 Carrier A R99

NRT RT
RAB RAB
R5 Carrier B R5

73 Internal Use
 HSDPA Iub Flow Control

RNC
NodeB
ATM Subsystem
HSDPA
Entity AAL2 MAC-d Entity
Entity

A
ATM A
UBR VC Mux.

HSDPA AAL2 MAC-d Entity

Entity Iub Entity

B B

Capacity Allocation

74 Internal Use
 Load/Congestion Control

 Triggers:
» QoS of streaming service is not guaranteed (e.g. the guaranteed
bit rate and transfer delay).
»The average bit rate of RABs on HSDPA is lower than a threshold.
 Actions:

» Load balancing of HSDPA, via Inter-frequency handover.

» Channel type switching from HS-DSCH to DCH.
» Drop calls

75 Internal Use
 References

 TS 25.308 - UTRA High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA); Overall

description; Stage 2
 TR 25.877 - High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) - Iub/Iur Protocol
Aspects
 25.858, Physical Layer Aspects
 25.855, Overall UTRAN Description
 TS 25.413 (RANAP), TS 25.423 (RNSAP), TS 25.433 (NBAP)
 TS 25.425 (Iur interface user plane for CCH ), TS 25.435, 25.425 (Iub interface
user plane for CCH)
 TS 25.331 - Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification
 TS 25.321 - Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification
 RAN Feature Description-HSDPA

76 Internal Use
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