Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Examples of Early
Animation
Examples:
How to Draw Animations Persistence
of Vision in Animation
Pac Man Flipbook
BREAK DANCE (flipbook)
Traditional Animation
Describe early animation.
Keyframes
Tweening
Computer Generated Animation
All images, objects and animation are
created on the computer.
Typically uses 3-D images.
Adds two steps to the animation
process.
Modeling – process of creating a
wireframe structure of the 3-D objects
and scenes.
Rendering – process of applying colors,
textures, shadows, transparency, etc. to
create the final image or animation.
3-D Graphics and Animation
3-D animations are more complex.
Creating 3-D animations involves
modeling, animation, and rendering.
Modeling is creating broad contours and
structure of 3-D objects and scenes.
Animation is determining the motions of the
objects.
Rendering involves determining colors, surface
textures, and amounts of transparency of
objects.
Computer Generated Animation
Motion capture can be used to
create animation.
Actors wear special suits that allow the
computer to capture their movements.
The movements can then be applied to
computer-generated graphics.
Examples:
The Polar Express
Avatar
Bridging the Traditional and
Computer Eras
Traditional animation is defined as the
process of creating the illusion of motion by
viewing a series of individual drawings
successively.
Traditional Animation
. . . Following slides
Stage
The part of the
animation program
window where the
animation’s content is
composed and
manipulated.
Library
Stores frequently
used graphics, movie
clips, and buttons.
Timeline
The part of the animation program window
that organizes and controls an animation’s
content over time using layers and frames.
In video-editing software, where source
clips, transitions, and audio files are
arranged to create the video.
How Does Computer Animation Work
Parts of the Timeline
Frames
Frames hold the content that the movie
displays or plays at that point in time.
The number of frames determines the
length of the animation.
The higher the number of frames, the
longer the animation.
Regular Frames
Contain one image or frame.
Regular Frame
Keyframes
Shows where the key (most important)
actions occur.
Shows where
tweening will occur.
Keyframes
Image used with permission from http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/creating_a_motion_tween.htm
Playhead
Layers
Motion Guide Layer . . . continuation
Layer on which a motion path is drawn.
Objects on different layers can be linked to the
motion layer so they will follow the motion path.
Once linked, they become “guided layers”
Multiple objects can be linked to one motion
layer.
Text layers can also be linked to a motion layer.
Image created by Ricardo Graça and used with permission from: www.ricolandia.com
Autodesk 3ds Max
Purpose
Fair use situations
Public domain material
Review
Parts of Computer Animation Software
Stage
Library
Timeline
Parts of the Timeline
Frame
Keyframe
Playhead
Frames per Second
Layers
Review (Continued)
Guidelines for Designing Animation
Insert keyframes at each change in the action
Change keyframes by:
Adding and deleting objects.
Replacing one object with another.
Moving objects, resizing, or rotating objects.
Add a keyframe at the point where the animation will stop.
Allow sufficient time for the image to be viewed after the final
content change.
2.02D Adding Sounds
into
Computer Animations
WAV
Animated GIF
AVI
MOV
MPEG
SWF
Animation File Types
Audio Video Interleave (AVI)
Microsoft’s animation and video format for computers running
the Windows operating system.
Does not compress animation as much as other formats.
Will not play on all operating systems or in all players.
Connection Type
determines how much data
can transfer to the network.
Bandwidth
The amount of data that can be transmitted over
a network in a given amount of time.
The speed at which data travels over a network
depends on:
The type of Internet connection for the
network.
The number of users
Data
using the network at
that specific time.
Bandwidth
Streaming and Playback Rate
Streaming rate is the rate in frames per second
at which videos can be downloaded or
transferred to a computer and is determined by:
The viewer’s network connection speed.
The content of the video file being
downloaded.
Playback rate is the rate in frames per second
at which the video plays.
Bandwidth and Streaming Rate
What is the relationship between
bandwidth and streaming rate?
If a lot of people are using the network at one
time, less bandwidth will be available to
download the data.
This will cause the streaming rate to be slower.