Cellular Respiration

How our body makes ATP, ENERGY!!

Engage
ATP Gun
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP)
Adenosine
Ribose Sugar
3 Phosphates

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March 12, 2018
Explore:
Cellular Respiration Simulation
To review the "big picture" of
metabolism, aiding students in
understanding the relationship among
glycolysis, the Kreb's cycle, and the
ETC. See the diagram for the
simulation layout.

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Explore:

Muscle Fatigue
You will be using a procedure to
experience and explore lactic acid
buildup in muscles.

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Explain:
Where do our cells get energy?
6-C sugars are the MAJOR source of
energy for cell
What type of macromolecule are 6-C
sugars?
Carbohydrates
Cells break down glucose a 6-C sugar
to make ATP “energy”

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Overall Chemical Process

C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + usable energy

(ATP)

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Cellular Respiration (3-stages)

Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Glucose

Glycolysis Krebs Electron

cycle transport

Fermentation Alcohol or
(without oxygen) lactic acid
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March 12, 2018
 Flowchart
Section 9-2

Cellular Respiration

Carbon
Dioxide
Glucose (CO2)
(C6H1206) Electron +
Krebs
+ Glycolysis Transport Water
Cycle
Oxygen Chain (H2O)
(02) +
ATP
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 Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Glycolysis:
Step 1

Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

To the electron
transport chain
 Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1

Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

To the electron
transport chain
 Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1

Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

To the electron
transport chain
 Where Cytoplasm
NO O2 required
Energy Yield net gain of 2 ATP at the
expense of 2 ATP
6-C glucose  TWO 3-C pyruvates
Free e- and H+ combine with organic ion
carriers called NAD+  NADH + H+
(nicotinamide dinucleotide)

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Summary
In Out
Glucose (6-C) 2 pyruvate; 2(3-C)
2 ATP 2NADH
a net of 2 ATP

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Questions

Where does glycolysis take place?

Glycolysis energy yield?
Breaks glucose into TWO ________.

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March 12, 2018
 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2

Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
 Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2

Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Breakdown of Pyruvic Acid
Where
mitochondria
Pyruvate (3-C) 
Acetic acid (2-C)
3rd C forms CO2
Acetic acid
combines with
Coenzyme A to
form ACETYL-CoA

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Summary
In Out
Pyruvate CO2 (as waste)
NAD NADH
CoA Acetyl-CoA

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What is releasing Energy with O2?

Aerobic respiration
Where In mitochondria

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Second Step: Citric Acid Cycle
(Krebs Cycle)
Where Mitochondrial matrix
Energy Yield 2 ATP and more e-
Acetyl-CoA (2-C) combines with 4-C to form
6-C CITRIC ACID
Citric Acid (6-C) changed to 5-C then to a 4-C
Gives off a CO2 molecule
NAD+ and FAD pick up the released e-
FAD becomes FADH2
NAD+ becomes NADH + H+
Cycle ALWAYS reforming a 4-C molecule

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Krebs Cycle

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 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2

Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
 Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2

Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
ETC

Where inner membrane of

mitochondria
Energy Yield Total of 32 ATP
O2 combines with TWO H+ to form
H 2O
Exhale - CO2, H2O comes from
cellular respiration

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 Electron Transport Chain
Section 9-2

Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel Mitochondrion

Intermembrane
Space
ATP synthase

Inner
Membrane

Matrix
ATP Production
Summary

Mitochondrion

Electrons carried in NADH

Electrons
Pyruvic
carried in
acid
NADH and
Glucose FADH2 Electron
Krebs Transport
Glycolysis
Cycle Chain

Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Total ENERGY Yield

Glycolysis 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle 2 ATP
ETC  32 ATP

Total 36 ATP

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Elaboration

Respiration Lab
Three experiments that review and
further explain the process of cellular
respiration

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What happens if NO O2?

Cellular respiration process STOPS

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Aerobic vs. Anaerobic

Anaerobic Aerobic requires

DOES NOT oxygen
require oxygen Yields large
Simple amounts of energy
fast What is this energy
produces molecule?
smaller amounts ATP, ATP, ATP
of energy (ATP)

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March 12, 2018
Releasing Energy w/out Oxygen

Anaerobic Respiration
NO Additional ATP is Formed

NO O2 leads to Fermentation
Two Types
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation

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Lactic Acid Fermentation
bacteria, plants and most animals

After glycolysis
2 pyruvic acid changed to lactic acid

Sometimes happens in your muscles,

cramps-----Exercise

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March 12, 2018
Alcoholic Fermentation
Bacteria and fungi (yeast)

Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are

the end products

Process used to form beer, wine, and

other alcoholic beverages
Also used to raise dough, bread

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March 12, 2018
Cellular Respiration Review

Three Main Stages

Glycolysis (2 ATP)
Kreb’s Cycle (2 ATP)
Electron Transport Chain (32 ATP)

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 Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Glycolysis:
Step 1

Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

To the electron
transport chain
 Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1

Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

To the electron
transport chain
 Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1

Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

To the electron
transport chain
 The Krebs Cycle: Step 2
Section 9-2

Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
 Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2

Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
 Electron Transport Chain: Step 3
Section 9-2

Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel Mitochondrion

Intermembrane
Space
ATP synthase

Inner
Membrane

Matrix
ATP Production
Evaluation

Cellular Respiration Concept Map

March 12, 2018