FORCES

Friction and Gravity

What is a Force?

A push or a pull on an object in a

particular direction.
 CONTACT FORCES
Force through CONTACT:
*Virtually all actions require a…

NON-CONTACT FORCES
Does not require contact:
Magnetic:
Static:

Gravity:

Forces are measured in

NEWTONS
 GRAVITY
An attractive force that exists between all
objects that have mass.
This force is dependent on mass and
distance from the object.
 WEIGHT VS MASS
Mass:
Amount of matter in an object.

Weight:
Is the gravitational force exerted on an object.
Your weight is actually a force measured in Newton’s.
 GRAVITY AND AIR RESISTANCE
Most objects falling through air
experience a type of fluid friction
called air resistance.
Air resistance is not the same for all
objects.
The greater the surface area of the
object the greater the air resistance.
(paper drop)
However, since the elephant has more
mass, it has more downward force of
gravity and falls faster.
GRAVITY AND FREE FALL
Take away ALL
An object is in free fall when the only air, so that only
force acting on the object is gravity. the force of
Gravity is being
Free-falling objects do not encounter used.
air resistance.
In free fall, the force of gravity is an
unbalanced force.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
4mTsrRZEMwA
CALCULATING FREE FALL

All objects in free fall accelerate at the same rate – 9.8

m/s² - regardless of their mass.
in one second = 9.8 m/s²
in two seconds = 19.6 m/s²
in three seconds = 29.4 m/s²
in four seconds = ________
The velocity continues to increase as the object falls.
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
The law of universal gravitation states that the
force of gravity acts between all objects in the
universe.
 WHAT IS FRICTION?
Friction is a force that resists the motion of
two surfaces that are touching.
When a moving object comes in contact with another object,
friction is the opposing force that slows or stops the moving
object.
Without friction, an object would continue to move at
constant speed forever.

The strength of the force of friction depends on the type

of surfaces and how hard the surfaces push together.

Rough surfaces produce greater friction than smooth

surfaces.
TYPES OF FRICTION
*Static..prevents objects sliding
*Sliding...resists objects while they are
moving
*Rolling …When an object rolls over the
surface
*Fluid…air or water
 SLIDING FRICTION

•A resistance to movement that is created when

two things rub together.
ROLLING FRICTION

•A resistance to movement that is created

when one object rolls over another.
 FLUID FRICTION
The force that tries to slow objects down when they
move through a liquid or a gas. It's also known as
"drag", or "air resistance".
All gases and liquids are fluid.
An bat and a swimmer both experience fluid friction.