TRABAJO FINAL ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES

Lic. Marco Javier Peñaloza

Ing. Jesús Eduardo Daza Guerra

Universidad Popular del Cesar

 PROCEDIMIENTO CAUCHY EULER
EJERCICIO #1
1. X3Y´´´ + XY´ - Y = 0
Y = XM , Y´ = MXM-1 , Y´´= M(M-1) XM-2 , Y´´´= M(M-1)(M-2)XM-3
M(M-1)(M-2)XM-3 X3 + XMXM-1 – XM =0
XM (M3 -3M2 + 2M + M -1) =0
M3 - 3M2 + 3M -1 = 0
(M-1)3 = 0 – M1=M2=M3 = 1
LA SOLUCIÓN GENERAL ES:
Y= C1X + C2XLNX + C3X(LNX)2
EJERCICIO #2 CAUCHY- EULER

2. X3Y´´´ -6Y = 0
X3 (m(m-1)(m-2) Xm-3 – 6Xm = 0
Xm(m3-3m2 + 2m – 6) = 0
M2(m-3) + 2 (m-3) = 0
(m2 + 2) (m-3) = 0 ---> m=3 , m=± 2 i
La solucion general es:
Y= C1X3 + C2sen( 2 LnX) + C3 cos( 2 LnX)
 TRANSFORMADA DE LAPLACE
3. Y´´ + 4Y´ -6Y = 1 + e-t ; y(0)= y´=0
£(y´´) + 4£(y´) + 6£(y) = £(1) + £(e-t)

S2y(s)-Sy(0)-y´(0) + 4 (sy(s)-y(0) + 6y(s) = 1/s + 1/s+1

s+1+s
Y(s)(s2 + 4s + 6) =
s(s+1)
2s+1 2s+1
Y(s)=  y(t) =£-1( )
s(s+1)(s2 + 4s + 6) s(s+1)(s2 + 4s + 6)

APLICAMOS FRACCIONES PARCIALES

2s+1 A B Cs+D
= + + + +
s(s+1)(s2 + 4s + 6) s s+1 S2 4s 6

2s+1 = A(s+1)(S2+4s+6)+BS(S2+4s+6)+(Cs+D)(s+1)s
2s+1= A(S3+5S2+10S+6)+B(S3+4S2+6s)+C(S3+S2)+D(S2+S)
2S+1=S3(A+B+C)S2(5A+4B+C+D)+S(10A+6B+D)+6A
 1
A+B+C=0 B+C= -
6
5
5A + 4B + C + D =0  4B+C+D=−
6
1
10A + 6B + D = 2  6B + D =
3
1 1 1 5
6A=1 A= , B= , C=- , D=-
6 3 2 3
1 5
1/6 1/3 −2𝑠−3
Y(t) =£-1( + + )
s s+1 (s+2)+2
1/6 1/3 1 3𝑠+10
Y(t) =£-1( + - £-1( )
s s+1 6 (s+2)+2
1/6 1/3 1 3𝑠+10 4
Y(t) =£-1( + - £-1 ( + )
s s+1 6 (s+2)+2 (s+2)+2

1 1 3 2 2
Y(t)= + e-t - cos( 2𝑡)𝑒-2t - e-2t sen( 2𝑡)
6 3 6 6
 EJERCICIO #2 TRANSFORMADA DE LAPLACE
4.Y´´-6Y´+9Y = t2e3t ; Y(0)=2 , Y´(0)=17
£(Y´´)-6£(Y´)+9£(Y)= £(t2e3t)
2
S2Y(s) – SY(0)-Y´(0)-6(SY(S)-Y(0))+9Y(S)=
(𝑆−3)3
2
S2Y(s)-2S-17-6SY(S)+12+9Y(S)=
(𝑆−3)3
2
Y(S)(S2-6S+9)= + 2S-5
(𝑆−3)3
2
Y(S)(S-3)2 = +2S+5
(𝑆−3)3
2 5 2𝑆
Y(S)= + +
(𝑆−3)5 (𝑆−3)2 (𝑆−3)2
2 5 2𝑆
Y(L)=£-1( ) – £-1 ( )+ £-1 ( )
(𝑆−3)5 (𝑆−3)2 (𝑆−3)2
APLICAMOS FRACCIONES PARCIALES
2S 𝐴 𝐵
= +  2S= A(S-3) + B
(S−3)2 𝑆−3 (𝑆−3)2

S=3  6=B S=0 0=-3A+6  A=2

2 4! 1 2 6
Y(t)= £-1 ( ) - 5£-1 ( ) + £-1 ( + )
4! (𝑆−3)5 (𝑆−3)2 𝑆−3 (𝑆−3)2
1
Y(t) = t4e3t+5te3t + 2e3t + 6te3t
12

Solucion:
1 4 3t
Y(t)= te + 11te3t +2e3t
12
 SERIE DE POTENCIA
5. Y´´-XY=0 ; Y =σ∞ ∞
𝑛=0 𝐶𝑛 X , Y´=σ𝑛=1 𝑛 CnX
n n-1

Yn= σ∞
𝑛=2 𝑛 (n-1)Cn X
n-2

REEMPLAZANDO EN LA ECUACION DIFERENCIAL

σ∞
𝑛=2 𝑛(n-1) CnX
n-2 X2 - Xσ∞ 𝐶𝑛 Xn =0
𝑛=0
σ∞ ∞
𝑛=2 𝑛(n-1) CnX - σ𝑛=0 𝐶𝑛 X
n n+1 =0 ; (K=n-2) y (K=n+1)

σ∞ ∞
𝑘=0(𝑘 + 2)(𝑘 + 1) Ck+2X - σ𝑘=1 𝐶𝑘−1 X =0
k k

DESARROLLAMOS LA PRIMERA SUMATORIA PARA K=0

2C2 + σ∞
𝑘=1( 𝑘 + 2 𝑘 + 1 𝐶𝐾+2 - 𝐶𝑘−1 )X =0
k

C2=0
(k+2)(k+1) Ck+2 – Ck-1= 0
 1
Ck+2= Ck-1
(𝑘+2)(𝑘+1)
1 1 1
K=1  C3 = Co K=2  C4 = C1 K=3 C5 = C2 = 0
6 12 20
1 1
K=4  C6 = 1 C3 = 1 * C0 = C0
6 180
30 30

SOLUCIONAMOS DE FORMA GENERAL

Y(x)= C0 + C1X + C2X2 + C3X3+ C4X4+………
𝑋3 𝑋4 𝑋6 𝑋7
Y(x)= C0 + C1X + 0 + C0 + C1+0 + C0 + C1
6 12 180 540
𝑋3 𝑋6 𝑋4 𝑋7
Y(x)= C0 (1+ + + …….)+ C1(X + + + ⋯….)
6 180 12 540
GRACIAS