Mathematics

Session 2

Trigonometric Ratio and Identity – 2

Topics

Multiple Angles

Sub – Multiple Angles

Conditional Identities

Relation between sides and interior

angle of polygon
Multiple Angles
An angle of the form of 2A, 3A, 4A J009
…etc are called multiple angles of A

Trigonometric ratios of 2A in terms of A

 sin 2A = 2sinAcosA
 cos2A = cos2A – sin2A
Q cos2A = 2cos2A - 1  1+ cos2A = 2cos2A

and cos2A = 1-2sin2A  1 - cos2A = 2sin2A

2tanA cot2 A-1

� tan2A = � cot 2A =
1-tan2 A 2cotA
Multiple Angles
J009
sin2A and cos2A in terms of tanA

 sin 2A = 2sinAcosA

2 sin A cos A
=
cos2 A + sin2 A
Dividing Nr and Dr by cos2A we get
2 tan A
sin2A =
1 + tan2 A
Similarly
1 - tan2 A
� cos 2A =
1 + tan2 A
Illustrative Problem
3 cos ec 20o - sec 20o = 4
J009
Show that
Solution L.H.S = 3 cos ec 20o - sec 20o

3 1 3 cos 20o - sin20o

= - =
sin20o cos 20o sin20o cos 20o

�3 1 �
2 � cos 20 - sin20 �
o o

= �
�2 2 �
=
(
� 4 sin60o cos 20o - cos 60o sin20o )
1
( ) sin 40 o
2 sin20 cos 20
o o

=
(
4 sin 60o - 20o ) = 4. proved
sin 40o
Illustrative Problem
J009

Prove that

� p �� 3p �� 5p �� 7p � 1
1
� + cos �1
� + cos �1
� + cos �1
� + cos �=
� 8 �� 8 �� 8 �� 8 � 8

Solution
7p � p� p
Q cos p - �= - cos
= cos �
8 � 8� 8
5p � 3p � 3p
and cos p -
= cos � = - cos
8 � 8 �
� 8
Illustrative Problem
Prove that J009
� p �� 3p �� 5p �� 7p � 1
1 + cos ��
� 1 + cos �1 + cos
� �1 + cos
� =
� 8 �� 8 �� 8 �� 8 �
� 8

Solution

� p �� 3p �� 3p �� p�
\L.H.S = �
1 + cos ��1 + cos 1 - cos 1 - cos
� 8 �� 8 ��
�� 8 ��
�� 8�
�
� p �� 3p � p 3p
1 - cos2 ��
=� 1 - cos2 � = sin2 �sin2
� 8 �� 8 � 8 8
1� 2 p �� 2 3p � 1�
� p �� 3p �
�
= 2 sin 2 sin = �1 - cos 1 - cos
4�
� 8� �
�� 8 �
� 4�
�
� 4� �
�� 4 �
�
�
�
1�
� 1 �� 1 � � 1 � 1� 1
= �
�1 - �1
� + �= �
� 1 - �= Ans.
4�
� 2 �� � 4 � 2� 8
2�
Multiple Angles
Trigonometric ratios of 3A in terms of A
 sin3A = 3sinA –4 sin3A

Proof sin3A = sin(2A+A)

= sin2AcosA + cos2AsinA
= 2sinAcosAcosA +(1–2sin2A)sinA
= 2sinAcos2A + sinA – 2sin3A
= 2sinA(1-sin2A) + sinA – 2sin3A
= 3sinA –4 sin3A
Similarly
3 tan A - tan3 A
 cos3A = 4cos3A – 3cosA � tan3A =
1 - 3 tan2 A
 Illustrative Problem
Prove that J009
1
sinA.sin(60o–A).sin(60o+A) = sin3A
4
Solution
L.H.S = sinA.sin(60o–A).sin(60o+A)

= sinA [sin260o–sin2A] sin(A+B).sin(A-B) = sin2A–sin2B

3
� �
= sin A � - sin2 A �
4
� �
3 sin A - 4 sin3 A 1 Proved
= = sin3A
4 4
Illustrative Problem
Prove that J009
sin5 = 5sin –20sin3 + 16sin5
Solution
L.H.S = sin 5 =sin(3 + 2)
= sin 3cos2 + cos3sin2
= (3sin – 4sin3) (1 – 2sin2)
+ (4cos3 – 3cos) (2sincos)
= (3sin – 4sin3) (1 – 2sin2)
+ cos(4cos2 – 3) (2sincos)
= (3sin – 4sin3) (1 – 2sin2)
+ 2sin (1–sin2) {4(1–sin2) –3}
Illustrative Problem
Prove that
sin5 = 5sin –20sin3 + 16sin5
J009

Solution
L.H.S. = (3sin – 4sin3) (1 – 2sin2)
+ 2sin (1–sin2) {4(1–sin2) –3}

= (3sin – 4sin3) (1 – 2sin2)

+ (2sin –2sin3) (1–4sin2)
= 3sin – 6sin3 – 4sin3 + 8 sin5
+ 2sin – 8sin3 –2sin3 + 8sin5

= 5sin – 20sin3 + 16sin5 Proved

Sub - Multiple Angle
An angle of the form of A/2, A/3, J0010
A/4 …etc are called sub - multiple
angles of A

Trigonometric ratios of A in terms of A/2

A A
�sin A = 2 sin cos
2 2
A2 2 A
�cos A = cos - sin
2 2
A A
Q cos A = 2 cos2 - 1 � 2 cos2 = 1 + cos A
2 2

A A
Q cos A = 1 - 2 sin2 � 2 sin2 = 1 - cos A
2 2
 Sub - Multiple Angle
Trigonometric ratios of A in terms of A/2 J0010
A A
2
2 tan cot -1
� tan A = 2 � cot A = 2
A A
1 - tan2 2 cot
2 2
A
sin A and cos A in terms of tan
2

A A
2
2 tan 1 - tan
� sin A = 2 � cos A = 2
A A
1 + tan2 1 + tan2
2 2
Sub - Multiple Angle
Trigonometric ratios of A in J0010
terms of A/3

A A
� sin A = 3 sin - 4 sin3
3 3

A A
� cos A = 4 cos3 - 3 cos
3 3

A A
3 tan - tan3
� tan A = 3 3
2 A
1 - 3 tan
3
Illustrative Problem
Find the value of J0010
(a) sin18o (b) cos18o (c) tan18o

Solution
(a) Let  = 18o  5 = 90o
 2 + 3 = 90o  2 = 90o – 3
 sin2 sin(90o – 3 )  sin2 = cos3
 2sincos = 4cos3 – 3cos
 2sin = 4cos2 – 3
 2sin = 4(1-sin2) – 3
 2sin = 4 –4sin2 – 3
 4sin2 + 2sin + 1 = 0
Illustrative Problem
Find the value of
(a) sin18o (b) cos18o (c) tan18o
J0010
 4sin2 + 2sin + 1 = 0

This is a quadratic equation

in sin
-2 � 4 + 16 -2 �2 5 -1 � 5
\ sin = = =
8 8 4
Q θ=18o, lies in the first quadrant
5 -1 Why ??
\ sin is positive � sin =
4
(b) cos218o = 1-sin218o
2
� 5 - 1 � 16 - 5 - 1 + 2 5
=1-�
� 4 � � = 16
� �
Illustrative Problem
Find the value of
J0010
(a) sin18o (b) cos18o (c) tan18o

2 o 10 + 2 5
cos 18 =
16
10 + 2 5
� cos18o = �
4
Again  = 18o lies in the first quadrant
10 + 2 5
\ cos18 > 0 o
� cos18 = o

4
5 -1
sin18o 4 5 -1
(c) tan18 = o
o = =
cos18 10 + 2 5 10 + 2 5
4
Illustrative Problem
J0010

Show that

sin59o – sin13o + sin49o – sin23o = cos 5o

Solution L.H.S
= ( sin59o - sin13o) + ( sin 49o - sin23o )

�59 + 13 � � 59 - 13 � �49 + 23 � �49 - 23 �

= 2 cos � �sin � �+ 2 cos � �sin � �
� 2 � � 2 � � 2 � � 2 �
= 2 cos36o sin23o + 2 cos36o sin13o
Illustrative Problem
Show that J0010
sin59o – sin13o + sin49o – sin23o = cos5o
Solution

(
= 2 cos 36o sin23o + sin13o )
�23 + 13 � �23 - 13 �
= 2 cos36o 2 sin � �cos � �
� 2 � � 2 �
= 4 cos36o �sin18o cos5o
5 +1 5 -1
= 4� � .cos5o
4 4
5 -1
= �cos5o = cos5o = R.H.S
4
Illustrative Problem
cos a - cos b J0010
If cos  =
1 - cos a cos b

then prove that one of the

 a b
values of tan is tan cot
2 2 2
2 
Solution Q 1 - cos  = 2 sin .....(1)
2

Q 1 + cos  = 2 cos2 .....(2)
2
\ from (1) and (2)
cos a - cos b
1-
2  1 - cos  1 - cos a cos b
tan = =
2 1 + cos  cos a - cos b
1+
1 - cos a cos b
 Illustrative Problem
cos a - cos b
If cos  = J0010
1 - cos a cos b
then prove that one of the
 a b
values of tan is tan cot
2 2 2
Solution

1 - cos a cos b - cos a + cos b

=
( 1 - cos a ) + cos ( 1 - cos a )
=
1 - cos a cos b + cos a - cos b ( 1 + cos a ) - cos ( 1 + cos a )
a b
2 sin2 .2 cos2
2 2 a b
= = tan2 tan2
a b 2 2
2 cos2 .2 sin2
2 2
 2 a 2 b a b
� tan = � tan tan = �tan tan Proved.
2 2 2 2 2
Conditional Identities
Identities with certain given J0011
condition.
Conditions :
A+B+C = p, p/2, 2p

Four Types of Problems

(1) Identities involving sines or cosines of multiples and

sub–multiples of the angle

(2) Identities involving squares of sines or cosines of

angle
Conditional Identities
J0011

(3) Identities involving tangents or co-tangents of angles

(4) Identities which can be solved by transforming the

given identities in trigonometric form.
Illustrative Problem
(1) Identities involving sines or J0011
cosines of multiples and sub –
multiples of the angle involved.

If A+B+C = p, prove that

cos2A + cos2B – cos2C = 1-4sinAsinBcosC

Solution L.H.S = (cos2A + cos2B) – cos2C

� 2A + 2B 2A - 2B �
=�
2 cos cos �- cos 2C
� 2 2 �
= 2cos(A+B) cos(A–B) – (2cos2C –1)

= 2cos(p– C) cos(A–B) – 2cos2C +1

Illustrative Problem
If A+B+C = p, prove that
J0011
cos2A + cos2B – cos2C = 1-4sinAsinBcosC

Solution

= –2cosC cos(A–B) – 2cos2C +1

= 1-2cosC {cos(A –B) + cos (p–(A+B))}

= 1-2cosC {cos(A –B) – cos (A+B)}

� A -B + A +B A + B - A + B�
= 1 - 2 cos C �
2 sin sin �
� 2 2

= 1– 4sinAsinBcosC Proved.
Illustrative Problem
If A + B + C = p, prove that J0011
A B C
cos + cos + cos
2 2 2
p -A p -B p -C
= 4 cos cos cos
4 4 4
Solution
� A B� C
L.H.S = �cos + cos �+ cos
� 2 2� 2
A B A B
+ -
2 2 2 2 C
= 2 cos cos + cos
2 2 2
�A + B � �A - B � �p C �
= 2 cos � �cos � �+ sin � - �
� 4 � � 4 � �2 2 �
Illustrative Problem
If A + B + C = p, prove that
A B C J0011
cos + cos + cos
2 2 2
p -A p -B p -C
= 4 cos cos cos
4 4 4
Solution

�p - C � �A - B � p -C p -C
= 2 cos � �cos � �+ 2 sin cos
� 4 � � 4 � 4 4
A B C p
Q A +B+C =p � + + =
4 4 4 4
�p - C �� A - B p - C�
= 2 cos � ��cos + sin �
���4 4 4

�p - C �� A - B �p p - C ��
= 2 cos � ��cos + cos � - ��
4
��� � 4 2 4
Illustrative Problem
If A + B + C = p, prove that
A B C J0011
cos + cos + cos
2 2 2
p -A p -B p -C
= 4 cos cos cos
4 4 4
Solution
�p - C �� A - B p + C�
= 2 cos � cos
�� + cos �
���4 4 4

�p - C �� A -B +p +C p + C - A + B�
= 2 cos � �2 cos
� cos �
� 4 �� 8 8 �
Q A + B + C = p � A + C = p - B and B + C = p - A
�p - C �� p -B +p -B p - A + p - A�
= 2 cos � �2 cos
� cos �
� 4 �� 8 8 �
p -A p -B p -C Proved.
= 4 cos cos cos
4 4 4
Illustrative Problem
J0011
(2) Identities involving squares of sines or
cosines of angle

If A+B+C = p, prove that

cos2A+cos2B+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC = 1

Solution L.H.S = cos2A+cos2B+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC

= cos2A+(1–sin2B)+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC
= 1+(cos2A–sin2B)+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC
= 1+cos(A+B)cos(A–B)+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC
= 1+cos(p–C)cos(A–B)+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC
Illustrative Problem
If A+B+C = p, prove that J0011
cos2A+cos2B+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC = 1

Solution

= 1+cos(p–C)cos(A–B)+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC

= 1–cosCcos(A–B)+cos2C+2cosAcosBcosC

= 1–cosC{cos(A–B)+cos(A+B)+2cosAcosBcosC

= 1–2cosAcosBcosC+ 2cosAcosBcosC

= 1 Proved.
Illustrative Problem
(3) Identities involving tangents or
co-tangents of angles J0011

If A+B+C =p, prove that

cotBcotC+cotCcotA+cotAcotB = 1
Solution Q A + B + C = p

� A +B =p -C

� cot ( A + B ) = cot ( p - C )
cot A cot B - 1
� = - cot C
cot A + cot B
� cot A cot B - 1 = - cot A cot C - cot B cot C
� cot A cot B + cot B cot C + cot C cot A = 1 Proved.
Illustrative Problem
(4) Identities which can be solved by J0011
transforming the given identities in
trigonometric form.

If xy+yz+zx = 1, prove that

x y z 4
+ + =
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 ( )( )(
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 )
Solution Let x=tanA, y=tanB, z=tanC
Q xy + yz + zx = 1

 tanAtanB+tanBtanC+tanCtanA = 1

 tanB(tanA+tanC) = 1 – tanAtanC
 Illustrative Problem
If xy+yz+zx = 1, prove that J0011
x y z 4
+ + =
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 ( )( )(
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 )
Solution

tan A + tanC 1
� = = cot B
1 - tan A tanC tanB
�p � p
� tan(A + C) = tan � - B � � A + C = -B
�2 � 2
p
� A +B+C = � 2A + 2B + 2C = p .....(1)
2
x y z tan A tanB tanC
L.H.S = + + = + +
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 1 - tan2 A 1 - tan2 B 1 - tan2 C
 Illustrative Problem
If xy+yz+zx = 1, prove that J0011
x y z 4
+ + =
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 ( )( )(
1 - x2 1 - y2 1 - z2 )
Solution
1 � 2 tan A 2 tanB 2 tanC �
= � + +
2�1 - tan A 1 - tan B 1 - tan2 C �
2 2
�
1
= �tan2A + tan2B + tan2C �
� �
2
1
= �tan2A tan2B tan2C�
� � Q 2A + 2B + 2C = p �
�
� �
2
1 � 2 tan A 2 tanB 2 tanC � 4xyz
= � . . =
2� 1 - tan A 1 - tan B 1 - tan2 C �
2 2 2
� 1-x 1-y 1-z
2
(2
)( )( )
[putting the values of tanA, tanB, tanC] Proved.
Relation Between side and interior
angles of a polygon
C D J0011

B M
O

A N
No of Sides = n
Let O be a point inside the polygon
Polygon = n triangles

sum of all the angle of the triangle = n �180o .....(1)

Relation Between side and interior
angles of a polygon
J0011
Sum of all the angle of the triangle
= n �180o .
Sum of all the angle of the triangle
= Sum of all the angles at O +
Sum of all interior angle of polygon
C D
Sum of all interior angle of polygon + 3600
= nx1800
B M
O
Sum of all interior angle of polygon
= nx1800 - 3600
A N
Relation Between side and interior
angles of a polygon
J0011
Sum of all the angles at O
= nx1800 - 3600

 Sum of interior angle of polygon

= n �180o - 360o
C D
= (2n - 4) �90 o

= (n - 2) �180o
B M
O
If the polygon is regular

Each interior angle

( n - 2 ) �180o
= A N
n
Illustrative Problem
The angle in one regular polygon is to J0011
that in another as 3:2; also the
number of sides in the first is twice
that in second ; how many sides the
polygons have ?
Solution
Let no. of sides of one regular polygon = x
 No. of sides of other polygon = 2x
�2x - 2 �
� 2x � �180 o

� � 3 x -1 3
Given = � = � 2x - 2 = 3x - 6
�x - 2 � 2 x-2 2
�180o
�x �
� � �x=4
No. of sides = 4 ,8
Class Exercise - 1
If cotA – tanA = 4, the value of
cot2A is
(a) 4 (c) 1
(b) 2 (d) 5
Solution :-
Q cot A - tan A = 4
1 1 - tan2 A
 - tan A = 4  =4
tan A tan A

tan A 1 2 tan A 1
 =  =
1 - tan2 A 4 1 - tan2 A 2

1
 tan2A = cot2A = 2
2
Class Exercise - 2
Prove that
1
sin12° sin48° sin54° = .
8
Solution :-
LHS = sin12° sin48° sin54°
1
=
2
( 2 sin 48 sin12 ) sin54
1
= cos ( 48 - 12 ) - cos ( 48 + 12 )  sin54
2 
1
=
2
 cos 36 - cos 60 sin ( 90 - 36 )

1 1  5 + 1 1 5 +1
=
2
 cos 36 - cos 60 cos 36 =
2

 4
- 
2  4
1  5 - 1  5 + 1 5 -1 1
=     = = = RHS
2  4  4  32 8
Class Exercise - 3
If sinx + siny = a and cosx + cosy
2ab
= b, show that sin(x + y) = .
a2 + b2
Solution :-
\2ab = 2(sinx + siny)(cosx + cosy)
= 2(sinx cosx + sinx cosy + siny cosx + siny cosx)
= 2 sinx cosx + 2 siny cosy + 2(sinx cosy + cosx siny)
= sin2x + sin2y + 2 sin(x + y)
= 2 sin(x + y) . cos(x – y) + 2 sin(x + y)
\2ab = 2 sin(x + y){1+ cos(x – y)} ... (i)
and a2 + b2 = (sinx + siny)2 + (cosx + cosy)2
Class Exercise - 3
If sinx + siny = a and cosx + cosy
2ab
= b, show that sin(x + y) = . 2
a + b2
Solution :-

= sin2x + sin2y + 2 sinx siny + cos2x

+ cos2y + 2 cosx cosy

= 2 + 2 cos(x – y) = 2(1 + cos(x – y) ... (ii)

2ab sin(x + y)  1 + cos(x - y)

\RHS = =
2
a +b 2
 1 + cos(x - y)
[ From (i) and (ii)]
= sin(x + y) = LHS
 Class Exercise - 4
If a cos2 and bsin2 = c has a and
b as its solution, then prove that
2b c-a
(i)tan a + tan b = (ii) tan a tan b =
c+a c+a
Solution :-
Q acos 2 + b sin2 = c ... (i)


(
a 1 - tan2  ) + b  2 tan  = c
1 + tan2  1 + tan2 

 ( ) (
a 1 - tan2  + 2b tan  = c 1 + tan2  )
 ( a + c ) + tan2  - 2b tan  + (c - a) = 0 ... (ii)
Class Exercise - 4
If a cos2 and bsin2 = c has a and b
as its solution, then prove that

Solution :-

\ a and bare the roots of equation (i),

 tana and tanb are the roots of equation (ii).

2b
\ tan a + tan b = (Sum of roots)
a+c
c-a
tan a tan b = (Product of roots)
c+a
Class Exercise - 5
If a,b, and  satisfy the equation
 p
tan  x +  = 3 tan3x, then
 4
tan a + tan b + tan  + tan 

(a) –1 1
(b)
3
(c) 0 (d) 2
Class Exercise - 5
 p
If a,b, and  satisfy the equation tan  x + 
 4
= 3 tan3x, then tan a + tan b + tan  + tan 

Solution :-
 p
Q tan  x +  = 3 tan3x ………. (i)
 4
p

tan x + tan
4 = (
3 3 tan x - tan3 x )
p 1 - 3 tan 2
x
1 - tan x. tan
4


1 + tan x
=
(
3 3 tan x - tan3 x )
1 - tan x 1 - 3 tan2 x
(1 + tanx)(1 – 3 tan2x) = (9 tanx – 3 tan3x)(1 – tanx)
Class Exercise - 5
 p
If a,b, and  satisfy the equation tan  x + 
 4
= 3 tan3x, then tan a + tan b + tan  + tan 

Solution :-

3 tan4x – 6 tan2x + 8 tanx – 1 = 0 ... (ii)

\a,b, and  are the roots of equation (i),

tan a + tan b + tan  + tan  are the roots of equation (ii).

coefficient of tan3 x
tan a + tan b + tan  + tan  = - 4
=0
coefficient tan x
Class Exercise - 6
Prove that
cos3A cos3A + sin3A sin3A = cos3 2A.
Solution :-
Q cos 3A = 4 cos3 A - 3 cos A
1
\ cos3 A =
4
( cos 3A + 3 cos A )

1
Similarly sin3
A =
4
( 3 sin A - sin3A )

L.H.S cos3 A cos 3A + sin3 A sin3A

1 1
=
4
( cos3A + 3 cos A ) cos3A +
4
( 3 sin A - sin3A ) sin3A

=
3
4
( cos3A cos A + sin3A sin A ) +
1
4
(cos2 3A - sin2 3A )
Class Exercise - 6
Prove that
cos3A cos3A + sin3A sin3A = cos3 2A.
Solution :-
3 1
= cos ( 3A - A ) + cos2(3A)
4 4
3 1
= cos 2A + cos 6A
4 4
3 1
= cos 2A + cos 3(2A)
4 4
3  
= cos2A + 4 cos3 2A - 3 cos 2A 
4 4  

= cos32A = RHS
Class Exercise - 7
If cos  = cos a.cos b then prove that
2b +a -a
tan = tan tan
2 2 2
Solution :-
Q cos  = cos a. cos b
cos 
 cos b = ………… (1)
cos a
2 b
LHS tan
2
b b
sin2 2 sin2
= 2 = 2 = 1 - cos b
b b 1 + cos b
cos2 2 cos2
2 2
Class Exercise - 7
If cos  = cos a.cos b then prove that
b +a -a
tan2 = tan tan
2 2 2

Solution :-
cos 
1-
= cos a = cos a - cos 
cos  cos a + cos a
1+
cos a
a+ -a
2 sin . sin
2 2 +a -a
= = tan . tan
+a -a 2 2
2 cos . cos
2 2
= RHS
Class Exercise - 8
If A + B + C =p , prove that
( cot B + cot C ) ( cot C + cot A ) ( cot A + cot B )
= cos ecA.cos ecB.cos ecC
Solution :-
cosB cos C
Q cot B + cot C = +
sinB sinC
sinC cosB + sinB cos C
=
sinB sinC
sin ( B + C ) sin ( p - A ) sin A
\ cot B + cot C = = = ……. (i)
sinB sinC sinB sinC sinB sinC

sin B
Similarly, cotC + cotA = ... ……… (ii)
sinC sinB
Class Exercise - 8
If A + B + C =p , prove that
( cot B + cot C ) ( cot C + cot A ) ( cot A + cot B )
= cos ecA.cos ecB.cos ecC

Solution :-
sin C
and cotA + cotB = sin A sinB … (iii)

LHS = (cotB + cotC)(cotC + cotA)(cotA + cotB)

sin A sinB sinC
=  
sinB sinC sinC sin A sin A sinB
1
=
sin A sinB sinC

= cosecA cosecB cosecC

Class Exercise - 9
 a-b 
IF tan = tan
2 a+b 2
acos  + b
than prove that cos  =
a + b cos 
Solution :-
 a-b 
Given tan = tan ….. (i)
2 a+b 2

 a-b 2 
1 - tan 2 1- tan
Q cos  = 2 = a+b 2
1 + tan2
 a-b 
1+ tan2
2 a+b 2
Class Exercise - 9
 a-b 
IF tan = tan
2 a+b 2
acos  + b
than prove that cos  =
a + b cos 

Solution :-
 
(a + b) cos2 - (a - b) sin2
= 2 2
 
(a + b) cos2 + (a - b) sin2
2 2

     
a  cos2 - sin2  + b  cos2 + sin2 
2 2 2 2 acos  + b
=  
= = L.H.S
      a + b cos 
a  cos2 + sin2  + b  cos2 - sin2 
 2 2  2 2
Class Exercise - 10
The number of sides in two regular
polygons are 5 : 4 and the
difference between their angles is
9°. Find the number of sides in the
polygons.
Solution :-
Let the number of sides of regular polygons are
5x and 4x respectively.
Each interior angle of regular polygons is
2  5x - 4 2  4x - 4
 90 and  90
5x 4x
2  5x - 4 2  4x - 4
Given  90 -  90 = 9
5x 4x
Class Exercise - 10
The number of sides in two regular polygons
are 5 : 4 and the difference between their
angles is 9°. Find the number of sides in the
polygons.
Solution :-
10x -  8x - 4 1
 - =
5x 4x 10
40x - 16 - 40x + 20 1
 =
20x 10
4 1
 =  x=2
20x 10

\ Sides are 10 and 8.