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PISA is now progressively incorporating also some of the PISA shows that the “difference in performance between
broader cognitive, social and emotional competencies. advantaged and disadvantaged students in Australia is the
equivalent of around three years of schooling (ACER
2017)”.
The test focuses on knowledge application rather than The test is creating a “highly competitive environment
the retrieval of information (Baird et al. 2011) heightened by national and international rankings, and an
economic and instrumentalist approach to education and
education reform” (Gorur, 2016)
The results from PISA provide a powerful tool that ”The average performance scores on which the rankings
countries can use to develop, review and fine-tune their are based are uninformative and misleading (Gorur & Wu
curricular standards and education policies with the aim
2014) ”
to provide the best education possible for all of their
students.