HDM-4 Inputs and Options

Speed Flow Type

Speed (km/hr)

S1
S2
S3

Sult Flow
Qo Qnom Qult veh/hr
2
 Traffic Flow Pattern

Flow Periods
Flow Peak
Next to Peak
Medium flow
Next to Low
Overnight

Number of Hours in the Year

3
 Rise Plus Fall & Horizontal Curvature

Vertical Profile

Rise Plus Fall = (R1+R2+R3+F1+F2) / Length

(meters/km)
Horizontal Profile

Horizontal Curvature = (C1+C2+C3+C4) / Length

(degrees/km)

4
 Analysis by Sections or Project

• Analysis by Section: Section alternatives are

defined for each section. The analysis determines
the optimum alternative for each section. NPV is
calculated for each section alternative. Analysis by
Sections supports neither new sections nor diverted
traffic.
• Analysis by Project: A project is composed of many
sections. Project alternatives are defined indicating a
maintenance/improvement standard per section.
NPV is calculated for each project alternative (i.e. for
the group of sections). The analysis determines the
optimum alternative for the sections as a group.
Analysis by Project supports the analysis of new
sections and diverted traffic.
5
 Analysis by Sections Example
Road Definition of Section Alternatives
Sections 1 (base) 2 3 4 5
Section A Routine Resealing
Section B Routine Resealing Overlay
Section C Routine Overlay Reconstruction Widening
Section D Routine Resealing Overlay Widening Realignment
Section E Grading Regravelling Paving

Road Section Alternatives Results

Sections 1 2 3 4 5
Section A 0 NPV A2
Section B 0 NPV B2 NPV B3
Section C 0 NPV C2 NPV C3 NPV C4
Section D 0 NPV D2 NPV D3 NPV D4 NPV D5
Section E 0 NPV E2 NPV E3

Each section is evaluated individually and can have any number

of alternatives. HDM-4 produces a NPV for each section
alternative that is used to find the optimal alternative per section.
6
 Analysis by Project Example 1

Road Definition of Project Alternatives

Sections 1 (base) 2 3 4
Section A Routine Resealing Overlay Reconstruction
Section B Routine Resealing Overlay Reconstruction
Section C Routine Overlay Reconstruction Widening
Section D Routine Overlay Widening Realignment
Section E Grading Regravelling Paving Widening

Project Alternatives Results

1 2 3 4
Project 0 NPV 2 NPV 3 NPV 4

Analyses road sections together as a package by considering

project alternatives as the unit for performing economic analysis.
HDM-4 produces a NPV for each project alternative.
7
 Analysis by Project Example 2

Road Definition of Project Alternatives

Sections 1 2 3
Section A Routine Resealing Resealing
Section B Routine Resealing Resealing
Section C Routine Resealing Resealing
Section D Routine Resealing Resealing
New Section Bypass X Bypass Y

Project Alternatives Results

1 2 3
Project 0 NPV 2 NPV 3

Analysis involving new sections and diverted traffic can only be

performed using the Analysis by Project method.
8
 Project, Programs & Strategies

Evaluates
Many Budget Use Create
Roads Users Generates Type of Constraints Existing New
HDM-4 or Road Specify Unconstrained Economic Network Road Network
Option Classes Standards Program Analysis Optimization Network Matrix
Projects Yes - by Section No - Life-cycle None Yes No
- by Project
Programmes Yes - by Section Yes - Life-cycle - Maximize NPV Yes No
- Multi-year
Forward
Programme
Strategies Yes - by Section Yes - Life-cycle - Maximize NPV Yes Yes
- Maximize dIRI
- Minimize costs
for target IRI

9
 Multi-year Forward Programme Evaluation

IRI
Budget Period

Deferred investment

Investment now Benefits from Investment

Years

Budget period: for example 1, 2 or 3 years

10
 HDM-4 Version 2.0 Case Studies
• HDM-4 Case Studies
Windows Folders
 Included with HDM-4 Containing HDM-4
 Documented on Volume 2: Workspace
Application Guide

C:\Program Files\HDM-4\Case Studies\Eng

• World Bank Case Studies

 Provided by the World Bank

C:\HDM-4 Version 2.0 WB Case Studies 1.0

11
 HDM-4 Workspace

• Contains the configuration and inputs of

an HDM-4 study
• Can be copied from one computer to
another
• Composed of two files:
OBJECTS.DAT
OBJECTS.IDX

12
 To Review an HDM-4 Study

• Obtain the HDM-4 workspace

(OBJECTS.DAT and OBJECTS.IDX
files) created for the study
• Copy the HDM-4 workspace files into
any folder on your computer
• Run HDM-4 and open the workspace,
using the Open Workspace option and
then locating the folder in which you
have copied the workspace files
• Open the HDM-4 study
13
HDM-4 Version 2.0 Structure

Input
Data

Application Options
Data

Configuration
Data

14
 HDM-4 Folders

HDM-4 Folders

- HDM-4 folders resemble Windows Explorer folders, but

these are not actual Windows folders, they are
components of the HDM-4 Workspace.
- An HDM-4 Workspace is a Database that contains all
input, application options and configuration data
for a given study.
15
 HDM-4 Workspace

Windows folder
where HDM-4
Workspace is
located

- There could be many HDM-4 Workspaces on a hard

disk, which are located on different Windows folders.

- An HDM-4 Workspace Database is composed of the

following files: OBJECTS.DAT and OBJECTS.IDX, which
can be copied from one Windows folder to another.

16
 HDM-4 Run Data Directory on Setup Run

HDM-4 Run Data

Directory

- The Run Data Export Directory is the Windows folder

that will store all the output files created by HDM-4 for an
HDM-4 run.
17
 HDM-4 Output File

• HDM-4 stores all the output results

of an HDM-4 run on a single Access
file named “RunData.mdb” located
at the Run Data Export Directory.
• Users can explore the output results
of an HDM-4 Run by importing the
output data stored on the
RunData.mdb file into Excel or a
Pavement Management System.

18
 Export and Import Options

Import or Export
to Access Files

You can export or Access files are used to

import each item of connect HDM-4 with a
information to or from Pavement Management
an Access file. System or Excel.
19
Export and Import File Formats

Road Network Export File Format.pdf

Vehicle Fleet Export File Format.pdf
located on C:\Program Files\HDM-4 Version
2.0\Documentation\Eng
20
Road Network Import Sample File

21