division hours

S
I
K
L
U
S
G- state

S
E
L

M = mitosis
S = DNA synthesis
G = gap
S
I
K
L
U
S

S
E
L
T
D
R
A
A
N
N
S
K
M
R
I
O
S
M
I
O
S
G
O
E
M
N
Proses pembelahan inti yang terjadi saat
pembelahan sel  menghasilkan dua sel
yang masing-masing sel mengandung
jumlah kromosom inti yang sama dengan
sel induk
M
I
T
O
S
I
S
I
The cell is engaged in
N
metabolic activity and
T performing its prepare
E for mitosis (the next
R four phases that lead
P up to and include
H nuclear division).
A Chromosomes are not
S clearly discerned in
E the nucleus, although a dark spot called the
nucleolus may be visible. The cell may contain a
pair of centrioles (or microtubule organizing centers
in plants) both of which are organizational sites for
microtubules.
P
R
O
P
H
A
S
E
Chromatin in the nucleus begins to condense and
becomes visible in the light microscope as
chromosomes. The nucleolus disappears. Centrioles
begin moving to opposite ends of the cell and fibers
extend from the centromeres. Some fibers cross the
cell to form the mitotic spindle.
P
R
O
M
E
T
A
P
H
A The nuclear membrane dissolves, marking the
beginning of prometaphase. Proteins attach to the
S
centromeres creating the kinetochores.
E Microtubules attach at the kinetochores and the
chromosomes begin moving.
M
E
T
A
P
H
A
S
E Spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the
middle of the cell nucleus. This line is referred to
as the metaphase plate. This organization helps to
ensure that in the next phase, when the
chromosomes are separated, each new nucleus
will receive one copy of each chromosome.
A
N
A
P
H
A
S
E
The paired chromosomes separate at the
kinetochores and move to opposite sides of the
cell. Motion results from a combination of
kinetochore movement along the spindle
microtubules and through the physical interaction
of polar microtubules.
T
E
L
O
P
H
A
S
E Chromatids arrive at opposite poles of cell, and
new membranes form around the daughter nuclei.
The chromosomes disperse and are no longer
visible under the light microscope. The spindle
fibers disperse, and cytokinesis or the partitioning
of the cell may also begin during this stage.
C
Y
T
O
K
I
N
E
S In animal cells, cytokinesis results when a fiber ring
I composed of a protein called actin around the
S center of the cell contracts pinching the cell into two
daughter cells, each with one nucleus. In plant
cells, the rigid wall requires that a cell plate be
synthesized between the two daughter cells.
Dua pembelahan inti sel  menghasilkan
gamet (pada hewan) atau spora (pada
tumbuhan dan fungi) yang mengandung
bahan genetik separuh dari bahan genetik
sel induk
M
E
I
O
S kromonema Sinapsis: kromosom berpasangan
I
S

Stadium paling lama, Kiasma: tempat PS, bagian tertentu dari

Kromatid: kromosom membelah kromosom homolog tetap berpasangan
M
E
I
O
S
Kiasma tampak jelas
I Hitung kromosom
S
M
E
I
O
S
I
S
M
E
I
O
S
I
S