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Lecture 6
Overview
• Introduction
• Usage
• Comparison with Cohesive Elements
• Examples
Introduction
Introduction
• History
• The VCCT-for-Abaqus technology was developed by Boeing
Commercial Aircraft Group as part of the Composite Affordability
Initiative (CAI).
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
• Advantages
• Initiation of node release based on fracture mechanics
• Unlike cohesive failure models
• Relatively mesh-size independent
• Unlike direct techniques based on local displacement or stress
fields
• Intermediate crack-tip location
• Typically not available when VCCT applied manually
• Allows VCCT to be performed during nonlinear analysis
• Provides load-dependent mode separation
• Remeshing, re-analysis, and standalone post-processing are not
necessary (unlike traditional VCCT)
• Assumed crack interface, not crack direction
Introduction
• Other details
• VCCT for Abaqus is a separately licensed add-on to Abaqus/Standard
• It includes:
• Software
• User’s Guide
• Installation and verification instructions
• Example problems
• It is fully supported, QA'd, and maintained by Abaqus
• It works with first-order linear triangular and quadrilateral element faces in
3D (and both first- and second-order element faces in 2D)
• Includes bricks, shells, and continuum shells
• It is compatible with surface-to-surface contact pairs
• Allows inclusion of shell thickness offset between debonding surfaces
Usage
Usage
Usage
• Surface interaction properties define the fracture mechanics (given on data line)
G_IC
G_IIC = Fracture toughness for modes I, II, and III, respectively
G_IIIC
GII
= 1 for B-K (2D shown): GIC GIIC GIC
GI GII
m n o
GI GII GIII
mixType = 2 for power law:
GIC GIIC GIIIC
GIII GII GIII
= 3 for Reeder law (3-D only) GIC GIIC GIC GIIIC GIIC
GII GIII Gi
Usage
• Initial conditions
• The initially partially bonded contact pair is identified with the *INITIAL
CONDITIONS, TYPE=CONTACT option; for example,
*INITIAL CONDITIONS, TYPE=CONTACT
ASURF, BSURF, BONDNODES
• ASURF and BSURF are the slave and the master surfaces.
• BONDNODES is a list of slave nodes that are initially bonded.
Usage
• Debonding option
• Use the *DEBOND option to specify that debonding is to be considered
in a given step; for example,
*DEBOND, SLAVE=ASURF, MASTER=BSURF
• The SLAVE and MASTER parameters identify the surfaces to be
debonded.
Usage
• Output
• VCCT output variables can be plotted in Abaqus/Viewer
• No separate post-processing software is needed
• Output through SDVs includes:
• Relative displacement behind and at crack tip when fracture
criterion is met.
• Damage parameter (including damping)
• Critical stress at failure for modes I, II, and III
• Mode I, II, and III strain energy release rates
• To request SDV output for VCCT for Abaqus :
*output field
*contact output
sdv,
Usage
4 Damage parameter
5 Penalty stiffness
13 Bond state. The bond state varies between 0.0 (fully bonded) and 1.0
(fully unbonded).
Usage
Usage
Usage
TopSurf
BotSurf
Usage
1a
*SURFACE INTERCTION,
NAME=InteractionProperty-1,
UCRACK, PROPERTIES=11, DEVAR=13
0.02,
280.0, 280.0, 280., 1, 2.284
0.02, 0.1, 0.2
Usage
1b
• Specify critical strain energy release rates
1b
*SURFACE INTERCTION,
NAME=InteractionProperty-1,
UCRACK, PROPERTIES=11, DEVAR=13
0.02,
280.0, 280.0, 280., 1, 2.284
0.02, 0.1, 0.2
Usage
*CONTACT PAIR,
INTERACTION=InteractionProperty-1,
SMALL SLIDING, TYPE=NODE TO
SURFACE, NO THICKNESS Select the VCCT Interaction Property
TopSurf, BotSurf
Usage
3a
Usage
3b
• Request output
...
*STEP, NAME=Step-1
3b ...
*DEBOND, SLAVE=TopSurf, MASTER=BotSurf
*OUTPUT, FIELD,
*CONTACT OUTPUT, SLAVE=TopSurf,
MASTER=BotSurf, FREQUENCY=1
SDV
*OUTPUT, HISTORY
*CONTACT OUTPUT, SLAVE=TopSurf,
MASTER=BotSurf, FREQUENCY=1
SDV1, SDV3
Usage
Surface interaction
Debond
Output
Usage
• Results
VCCT
Cohesive
VCCT
cohesive
Examples
• Verification problems
• DCB
• SLB
• ENF
• Alfano-Crisfield
• Alfano, G., and M. A. Crisfield, “Finite Element Interface Models for
the Delamination Analysis of Laminated Composites: Mechanical and
Computational Issues,” International Journal for Numerical Methods in
Engineering, vol. 50, pp. 1701–1736, 2001.
• Also available as Abaqus Benchmark Problem 2.7.1 with cohesive
elements
• NASA Panel
• Reeder, J.R., Song, K., Chunchu, P.B., and Ambur, D.R., “Postbuckling
and Growth of Delaminations in Composite Plates Subjected to Axial
Compression,” AIAA 2002-1746.
Modeling Fracture and Failure with Abaqus
Copyright 2007 Dassault Systèmes
L6.36
Examples
30000
Euler buckling
25000
20000
Load (lb)
FEA
15000
closed form
10000
5000
0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
Displacement (in)
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples
Displacement
imposed at corner nodes
Contact surfaces defined
for region of fracture
Examples
Crack tip
Examples
Examples
Examples
Deflected shape
Force level 1
Force level 2
Force level 3
VCCT Fracture