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OF SPEECH
The Basics
WHAT ARE PARTS OF SPEECH?
Grammar is the system and structure of a
language. The rules of grammar help us decide
the order we put words in and which form of a
word to use.
When you’re talking about grammar, it’s useful
to know some basic terms.
The following are called parts of speech and they
each have their own function.
Nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs,
conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections.
NOUNS
A noun is a word or word group
that is used to name a person,
place, a thing, or an idea.
Examples:
Persons: teacher, Paris Hilton,
mother
Places: school, Johnson City, mall
Ideas: Christianity
__________________(your
2. Common nouns name any one of a
group of persons, places, things,
ideas and is generally not
capitalized.
Examples:
Person: president
Place: country
Thing: movie
Ideas: religion
music
sand
Washington Monument
_________________ (your
4. Abstract nouns name an idea, a
feeling, a quality, or a
characteristic.
Examples:
love
fun
wisdom
Hinduism
_________________ (your
5. A collective noun is a word that
names a group.
Examples:
alumni
faculty
committee
team
_________________ (your
example)
6. Compound nouns are formed by
joining two simple nouns
together.
Examples:
boy + friend= boyfriend
Example:
Mark----He
Mary-----She
Mark and Mary-----They
PRONOUN TYPES:
Possessive: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,
whose, theirs
Demonstrative: this, that, these, those
Objective: me, you, him, her, it, us, whom,
them
Subjective: I, you, he, she, it, we, who, they
Reflexive: myself, yourself, himself, herself,
ourselves, themselves
Indefinite: anybody, everybody, nobody,
somebody
PRONOUN PRACTICE
Identify the pronouns in the following
sentences:
Action Verb
Linking Verb
ACTION VERBS
Action verbs express action,
something that a person, animal,
force of nature, or thing can do
Playing Driving
LINKING/ HELPING VERB
Linking verbs, on the other hand, do not express
action. Instead, they connect the subject of a verb
to additional information about the subject.
Coordinating Conjunctions
And
Or
But
For
Nor
So
Yet
CONJUNCTIONS
A subordinating conjunction introduces a
dependent clause and indicates the nature of the
relationship among the independent clause(s) and
the dependent clause(s).
examples:
The book is on the table.
The book is beneath the table.
The book is leaning against the table.
The book is beside the table.
She held the book over the table.
She read the book during class.
OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION
The Object of the Preposition
Recognize an object of the preposition when you
see one.
Prepositions often begin prepositional phrases.
To complete the phrase, the preposition usually teams
up with a noun, pronoun, orgerund, or the object of
the preposition. Here are some examples:
At noon
At = preposition; noon = noun or the object of the
preposition.
Behind them
Behind = preposition; them = pronoun or
the object of the preposition.
OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION
Without sneezing
Without = preposition; sneezing = gerund or the object of
the preposition.
Between us only
Between = preposition; us = pronoun or the object of the
preposition; only = modifier.
Without completely finishing
Without = preposition; completely = modifier; finishing =
gerund or the object of the preposition.
OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION
Infrequently, a clause will be the object of the
preposition, as in this example:
Hey!
Wow!
Oops!
Well,
Whoops!