ARTIFICIAL BLOOD

What is blood?
• Cellular fluid
• 3 main cellular fluid
• Fluid components
• Mostly produced by bone
marrow
What does blood do?
• Oxygen and carbon dioxide
transports
• Immune response
• Clotting
• Transport of metabolic
products
 The need for more
blood
• Increasing demand
• Increasing world
population
• Low supply
• Lack of donars
 Donated blood vs
artificial blood
• Short shelf life • Longer shelf life
• Risk of • No risk of
transmitting transmiting
infectious infectious
diseases
diseases
• Universally
• Need for cross compatible
matching
 What is artificial
blood?
• Man –made substance to
mimic some functions of
blood
• Able to load,transport and
unload oxygen in the body
 Why do we need
artificial blood?
• Supply
• Blood typing
• Shelf life
• Risk of disease
 Potential of artificial
blood
• Shelf life and storage
• Cost
• Mass produced
• Universal
• sterile
Types of artificial blood
• Haemoglobin based
• Perfluorocarbons
 Haemoglobin based
• normally in red blood cells
• Free haemoglobin causes kidney damage
• Cow and human haemoglobin are modified to
stabilises it preventing toxicity
• Still requires refrigiration
• Oxygen carrier only
• Limited manufacturing ability
 per fluorocarbon based
• Can carry around 5 times more oxygen than
haemogobin
• Insoluble in blood- combined with lipids to
form an emulsion
• About 70x smaller then RBCs-can provide
oxygen to areas where normal blood flow has
been blocked
• e .g oxygen
 Per fluorocarbon based
• Long shelf life (approx.12 months)
• Universal
• Sterile
• Mass producible
• Only work for 48 hrs in body before removal
(not suitable for large blood loss)
 How useful is artificial
blood
• Places where with low blood
supply
• Warzones
• Disaster areas
• Places with high risk of blood
transmitted diseases
• Developing countries
 Clinical cases using
artificial blood
• Countries which have approved the use of
artificial blood
• South Africa, Russia, Mexico
• Studies showed negative side effects
• 30% increased risk of mortality
• 2.7 flod increase of myocardial infarction
THANK YOU