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HARD DISK RECOVERY

(DATA RECOVERY)

Submitted to :- Submitted by :-
Mrs. Pooja Gupta Name : Anil Baghel
Mis. Sonika Tomar Roll no. : GS10UE0458
Mis. Kavita Chandani
contents
Introduction
Hard Disk Drive Components
How Data organized on disk
Cases of data recovery
Types of causes of data loss
Software Recovery of data
Recovery Methods
Different data recovery software
Uses of data recovery
Precautions
What is hard disk?
A rigid magnetic disk fixed permanently within a drive unit and used for
storing computer data.

What is Data Recovery ?


Data recovery is the process of salvaging data from damaged, failed, corrupted, or
inaccessible secondary storage media when it cannot be accessed normally.
Retrieving deleted/inaccessible data from electronic storage media (hard
drives, removable media, optical devices, etc...)
ÒR
Data Recovery recovers critical data lost due to accidental deletion,
drive formatting, mechanical drive failure, disk making clicking sounds,
virus attack, flood, fire, power surge or even sabotage.
Hard Disk Drive Components
Disk platter
Read/Write head
Head arm/Head slider
Head actuator
Spindle motor
circuit board
Air filter
Cables & Connectors
Power connector
Jumper
DDDDDDDDDDDDDD
dddddddd
How Data is Organized on Disk:
Tracks-
circular areas of the disk
Length of a track one circumference of disk
Over 1000 on a hard disk
Data first written to outer most track
Sectors-
Divides tracks sections
On a floppy 9 sectors exits
Cylinders-
Logical groupings of the the same track on each disk
surface in a disk unit
Clusters-
Groups of sectors used by operating system
64 sectors in one cluster
Can store
512 bytes

Sector = Track=
small arc concentric
of track circle
Cases of Recovery

FIRE CRUSHED SOAKED


Typical causes of loss include:
Electro-mechanical Failure
Natural Disaster
Computer Virus
Data Corruption
Computer Crime
Human Error
THE FOUR TYPES OF HARD DRIVE FAILURE OTHER
THAN CRASHED

1 Firmware Corruption
If you have the hard disk spinning up when powered on, but the
computer incorrectly recognizes it or does not recognize it at all,
or it gets further but then just hangs during boot up, then you
could have a firmware corruption problem

2 Electronic Failure
Really here we are talking about power spikes or surges that affect the
controller board of the hard disk. This then knocks out the hard disk
and the BIOS has no idea it exists anymore. You will often see a burn if
you take the drive out and have a look. You will here no spinning at
power on, the drive is effectively dead.
THE FOUR TYPES OF HARD DRIVE FAILURE OTHER
THAN CRASHED

3 Mechanical Failure
Inside your hard disk are small moving parts that can go wrong and fail. These
mechanical failures of hard disk components will often make the data on the
hard drive inaccessible.

4 Logical corruption
We mean here is for some reason our file system is up the creek.
There is nothing physically wrong with the hard drive. Its like a
software problem, not a hardware problem.
Software Recovery of data:
File Recovery Software is capable to recover all types of data
including text document, music files, images, pictures, songs,
digital snap shots, compressed files, ZIP files, encrypted files
etc that have been mistakenly deleted or erased.

Generally only restore data not yet overwritten.

Do not work on physically damaged drives


Undelete Pro, Easy Recovery, Pollinate, Nova net, etc.

Example: dd on Linux used on corrupt floppies


Recovery Data Type:
Hidden files
Recycle bin
Unease wizards
Assorted commercial programs
Ferro fluid
Coat surface of disk
Check with optical microscope
Does not work for more recent hard drives
More recently…
DATA RECOVERY SOFTWARE

DDR professional recovery software


NTFS data recovery software
Fat data recovery software
Digital camera recovery software
Digital photo recovery software
Memory card data recovery software
Sim card data recovery software
USB drive data recovery software
USB digital media data recovery software
IPod data recovery software
Zune data recovery software
Recovery Methods
Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM):
Uses a sharp magnetic tip attached to a flexible cantilever
placed close to the surface to be analyzed, where it
interacts with the stray field emanating from the sample
to produce a topographic view of the surface
Magnetic force microscopy (MFM)
Recent technique for imaging magnetization patterns with high
resolution and minimal sample preparation.
Derived from scanning probe microscopy (SPM)
Uses a sharp magnetic tip attached to a flexible cantilever placed close to
the surface to be analyzed where it interacts with the stray magnetic field
An image of the field at the surface is formed by moving the tip across
the surface and measuring the force (or force gradient) as a function of
position. The strength of the interaction is measured by monitoring the
position of the cantilever using an optical interferometer.
Uses of data recovery :
Average User:
Recover important lost files
Keep your private information private

Law enforcement:
Locate illegal data
Restore deleted/overwritten information.
Prosecute criminals based on discovered data
Before you data lose
Four very IMPORTANT things
1.
Remember Backups! this desperate data recovery stress all becomes a lot less
important if you take regular backups, either to CDs, DVDs, other hard drives .
2.
Think about keeping your operating system on one drive (the C: drive)
and your data on one or more other drives. This is better than having
the whole lot on one drive which suffers the stress of having to zip
around doing the system stuff while also performing all the data
functions.
3.
Regularly check to see if your drives need defragmenting .
4.
Use Power Surge protection like a Belk in surge protector

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