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FOR ASYNCHRONOUS
MOTOR
Introduction
Asynchronous Motor
Principle of operation
The rotating magnetic field
Motor starters
Motor construction
Star-delta starters
Star-delta starters
Applicable for 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor
Starting current (star) between 1.5 – 2.6 FLC
Starting torque is between 0.2 – 0.5 nominal torque
After 75%-80% rated speed, star contactor de-
energised and delta contactor energised
Timer is adjusted (0-30s) during commissioning.
Suitable for normally start off-load
Large motor: high transient current during transition.
Starters (3/6):
conventional
components such as contactors and resistors
(obsolete)
Use multi speed motor – dahlender or 2-separate
winding.
introduction of frequency inverters
speeds of standard motors to be accurately
controlled over a wide range.
The frequency inverter drive
WRONG
Guidelines 2/7
Switching appliances, switch gears and
initiating equipment must be drawn at right
angles to the current path.
RIGHT
WRONG
Guidelines 3/7
The direction of the current flow should be
always from left to right of the circuit.
I
L N N I L
RIGHT WRONG
Guidelines 4/7
Crossover of lines should be avoided.
L N L N
RIGHT WRONG
Guidelines 5/7
Apparatus and equipment must be
represented in zero volt condition (off)
L L N
N
ON
ON
RIGHT WRONG
Guidelines 6/7
Control equipment (e.g. coils, signal lamps)
must be connected directly to the neutral
L
conductor N
L N
ON
RIGHT WRONG
Guidelines 7/7
Current paths must be numbered
consequently and circuit elements must be
placed from left to right, depending on the
sequence of the operation
F1 F2 F3
Q1 Q2 Q3
M1 M2 M3
Types Of Control
Direct control Indirect control
Designing
Protection (O/C, O/L, E/L)
Cabling
Initiating element (switches, push buttons)
Holding contact
Contact interlock
Sequential switching
Interchange switching
Reset function
Delay switching / auto-mode
Forward-Reverse
Constructing Motor Starter
Circuit
i. Terminal numbering and tagging
ii. Start with control circuit before main circuit
iii. Looping neutral to all final control elements
iv. Connect circuit rung by rung starting from
the first rung then another consecutively
v. Mark on the diagram for each of the
completed termination
vi. Connect the main circuit just after
completed the control circuit.
Basic Components
Initiating elements
Final control element
Indicator
Protection devices
Push Buttons
Magnetic contactor
COIL TERMINAL
A1 & A2 –COIL
AUXILIARY CONTACT
43/44 – NO
31/32 – NC
MAIN CONTACT
L1,L2,L3/ T1,T2,T3
Time delay relay
Relay and socket base
RELAY PIN
SOCKET BASE
TERMINAL
RELAY TERMINAL
DIAGRAM
Step resistor
Auto-transformer
Moulded case circuit breaker
Miniature Circuit Breaker
1-POLE MCB
3-POLE MCB
Residual current device
1PN RCD
TPN RCD
Thermal overload relay
MAIN CONTACT
RESET BUTTON
TRIP-CURRENT
RATING
AUXILIARY
CONTACT