 WHAT IS A TREND?

A pattern of gradual change in a condition,

output, or process, or an average or general
tendency of a series of data points to move in a
certain direction over time, represented by a line
or curve on a graph.
 MEGATRENDS AND MICROTRENDS

Megatrends entail a major restructing ; they are a
larger pattern of broad trends that reshape and
transform our lives.
 Microtrends advocate localization as opposed to
globalization, recognizing that people and
communities have never been sophisticated and more
knowledgeable about the choices they make in their
everyday lives.
 EXAMPLES OF TRENDS:
 Facebook – is the most common social network website
where you can share information about yourself and
communicate with other people.
 Twitter – it lets you see what is happening around the
world, from breaking news and entertainment, sports and
politics to big events and every day interests.
Trendspotting is attempting to
see the future in the present
(Rehn and Lindkvist, 2013).
Being able to predict a trend is a
valued skill for the global
citizen. Trendspotting is
sometimes called cool-
hunting and trend analysis.
 Trend analysis is the widespread practice of collecting
information and attempting to spot a pattern, or trend,
in the information.
 Trend spotting is the identification of new trends or
attempting to see the future.
 Trend spotter is a person who notices and reports on
new fashions, ideas, or activities that are becoming
popular.
 Both trends and fads can play an important role in an
organization’s success – but they must be treated
differently. If they are not, leaders risk burning out
adapting to every fad, and critical trends required for
an organizations’ survival may be missed. Let’s start by
looking into fads and trends individually.
 Fad is a new thing that people are doing. The easiest
way to categorize a fad is one word: short-lived. Trends
have a much longer lifespan than fads. In fact, trends
can continue to be fashionable for years and even
decades.
 Trend is significant, have broad implications in all
aspects of society, identifiable and
explainable while fad is transitory or quick, affect only
particular group of people without impact and driven
by emotions.
 A network is a group of people whom we interact daily. Our relationships are
networked. If you look at nature, networks are everywhere. The cellular
network in the human brain, for instance, is an amazing network that makes
human life possible.


 But what are networks? Networks are a ‘set of nodes and set of ties’ (Brass,
1994: 42). The things that are connected are usually called nodes. A node might
be a person, a computer or even a hyperlinked text. The connections between
hubs are called “associations” and here and there called “edges”. They are
relations that bind the tie or even make the ties suffer. It is imperative for
leaders and managers to precisely see the system relations that associate
individuals and to effectively oversee them.
 Awareness concerning social networks is
important to the extent that people are uncertain
who is connected to whom. It is a means of
developing contact and exchange of information.
It provides us the opportunity to interact with
people outside of our regular social circle. It is
vital also to entrepreneurs, professionals, and job
seekers.
 Networks are analyzed in terms of density, hierarchy,
multiplexity, interdependence and embeddedness
(Kilduff and Tsal, 2003, pp.3off).

 1. Density- The density of a network is based on the

number of connections between and among the actors.
According to Kilduf and Tsai, the higher the number, the
denser the system.The density of a network depicts the
potential associations in a system that are genuine
associations while a potential connection is an association
that could possibly exists between two “hubs” paying little
respect to regardless of whether it really does.
2. Hierarchy- Actors in the network can pull their investments in
social relations by establishing relations with a diverse set of
groups in the community (preferably groups that are not
connected to each other), rather than establishing all of their
relationships with members of one group.
3. Complexity- Complexity is the extent to which a link between
actors served a multiplicity of interests in the community. The
more complex relations have considered have higher tie strength.
Complexity also represents the extent to which two people are
bound to each other in different social grounds.
4. Interdependence- The ties in the network can be useful in
facilitating change and reform. The interdependence of social
ties in a community produces benefits for actors and members.
Interdependence facilitates cooperation and creates social capital
necessary for the progress of the community. Social capital is the
accumulated benefits as a result of the maintenance of a positive
relationship between different groups and associations in the
community.
5. Embeddedness- The networks of relations within each
person is rooted include family, friends, and
acquaintances. To be sure, business associations
themselves are held together by formal relations of power
as well as by casual connections that interface individuals
crosswise over departmental and progressive limits.
 Understanding Globalization
 “Globalization could be the answer to many of the
world’s seemingly intractable problems. But
this requires strong democratic foundation based on
political will to ensure equity and justice.” – Sharran
Burrow
 Clearly, one of the goals of globalization is for the
world to become more interdependent. People and
countries of the world are closely woven together
especially in the economic aspect. Globalization is
the most powerful source for change in the world
today affecting all societies in the planet. It entails
movement of capital, free flow of goods and services,
the increased mobility of individuals, and the
expansion of multinational corporations and
transnational organizations.
 Globalization and Migration
 The issue of globalization is linked with migration and
with movement of capital and commodities.
 Migration is said to be as old as human civilizations,
and there is clear proof that globalization is inextricably
related to it. The growing demand for laborers of the most
capitalist countries precipitated the migration of many
families from the unprivileged communities.
 According to estimates, more or less 20% of the labor
force in the Philippines want to leave the country in
search for a job abroad. Some of them become victims
of illegal recruitment and human trafficking.
What is Migration?
National Geographic defines human migration as the movement of
people from one territory to another for the purpose of taking up either a
permanent or temporary residence.
People migrate for various reasons. The reasons may fall under four
categories:
environmental
political
cultural
economic
 Within these categories, National Geographic categorized
them as “push” and “pull” factors of migration.
 Push factors – are those that motivate people to move
from one place to another because of difficulty, such as
food shortage, war, flood, etc.
 Pull factors – are those that motivate people to move their
place to another place simply because of some desirable
reasons such as nicer climate, better food supply, freedom
and others.
 Types of Migration
 Internal Migration – this is defined as the process where
migrants look for a new residence within their own
country, state, or continent.
 External Migration – moving in a different country, state
or continent to a new residence
 Migration – leaving one country to move to another
 Immigration – moving into a new country
 Forced Migration – this happens when the state or
authorities forced its people to migrate for a reason
2. Migration, Globalization and Climate Change
 The first half-decade of the twenty-first century has been
characterized by incidents of disaster that brought about
massive human suffering. Regardless of location,
humanity is threatened by hazards of many types
 The World’s Health Organization’s Collaborating Center
for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED)
shows that hazardous events have been on the rise around
the world, which include natural and technological
hazards: drought, earthquakes, epidemics, extreme
temperature, famine, floods, insect manifestations,
landslides, volcanic eruption, waves/surges, wildfires, and
windstorms.
 Natural calamities like earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons,
and floods have brought varying degrees of devastation
around the world. The global consciousness that climate
change may represent one of the most significant threats
of the near future has stimulated humanity’s collective
interest in disaster.
 “Migration, forced or otherwise, will undoubtedly be one of
the most significant consequences of environmental
degradation and climate change in decades to come.” –
Achim Steiner
 Ecological migrants are compelled to relinquish their
belongings and escape for their lives in the fallout of
typhoons, tidal waves, tremors and other grave calamities.
They are displaced people who are compelled to leave their
homes. They are the ‘new’ poor people and the most
defenseless in the midst of calamities which are getting
more violent because of climate change.
 250 million people are permanently displaced by climate
change-related phenomena, such as floods, droughts,
famines, and hurricanes.
 In the Asian regions, disasters emanating from natural
and technological hazards have occurred with increasing
frequency, impacting greater number of people and
financial losses. In the past ten years alone, Asia had been
hit by strong earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons that
resulted to the loss of thousands of lives, and left ens of
thousands homeless and in anguish.
 Global ecological and environmental movements have
rightly observed that a new poor called climate
refugees or environmental refugees emerges out of this
situation. They are the people who had been internally
displaced, not because of war, but by disasters
 In 2005, Glen Albrecht created the term “solastalgia,”
consolidating solacium (comfort), nostos (return home),
and algos (torment) – the misery, dejection, or tension
brought about by modified situations. He believes that
the level of pain an individual or a group encounters is
associated with the loss of an endemic feeling of place.