Dwi Merry Ch.

Robin
 Classification of Salivary Gland Disorders

A. Developmental disorders
 Aberrancy
 Aplasia & Hypoplasia
 Atresia
 Accessory ducts
 Diverticuli
 Congenital fistula
B. Functional disorders
 Sialorrhoea
 Xerostomia
 Classification of Salivary Gland Disorders

C. Obstructive disorders
 Sialolithiasis
 Mucus plug
 Stricture & stenosis
 Foreign bodies
 Extra ductal causes
D. Cyst
 Mucocele
 Ranula
 Classification of Salivary Gland Disorders

E. Asymptomatic enlargement
 Sialosis
 Allergic
 Associated with malnutrition and alcoholism
F. Infection
 Viral
 Bacterial
 Mycotic
 Classification of Salivary Gland Disorders

G. Autoimmune disorders
 Sjogren’s syndrome
 Mikulicz’s disease
 Uveoparotid fever
 Recurrent non spesific parotitis
• Definition. An aberrant or ectopic is salivary gland
tissue that develops at a site where it is not normally
found.
• Clinical features. Site – cervical regon near the parotid
gland or body of mandible, posterior to first molar
• Clinical signifance. Site for development of retention
cyst or neoplasm.
• Other than the normal location is variously described as
aberrant,accessory, ectopic, heterotopic or salivary
gland choristoma
Accessory salivary glands is ectopic salivary gland tissue with
a salivary gland duct system.
 The most common location is an extra major salivary gland
in front of the parotid gland.
 It is typically about 3 cm or less in size, and drains into the
parotid duct via a single tributary.
 Accessory parotid tissue is found in 21-56% of adults.
 Any disease process which affects the salivary glands,
including cancer, may also occur within an accessory
salivary gland tissue.
 Most common ectopic salivary tissue is the Stafne bone cyst
/ stafne defect
 Asymptomatic, clearly demarcated radiolucency of the angle
of the mandible
 Formed by investigation into bone on the lingual aspect of
the mandible an ectopic lobe of the just aposed
submandibular gland
 Stafne defect (also termed Stafne's idiopathic bone
cavity, Stafne bone cavity, Stafne bone cyst
(misnomer), lingual mandibular salivary gland
depression, lingual mandibular cortical defect, latent
bone cyst, or static bone cyst)
 Definition. A depression of the mandible on the lingual surface
(the side nearest the tongue).
 The Stafne defect is thought to be a normal anatomical
variant, as the depression is created by ectopic salivary gland
tissue associated with the submandibular gland and does not
represent a pathologic lesion as such.
 Axial CT of the same person. The
Stafne defect appears as a well
corticated 1 cm round defect in the
medial cortex of the mandible in the
right angle of the jaw (arrowed).

Radiographically, it is a well-circumscribed, monolocular, round, radiolucent defect, 1–3 cm in size,

usually between the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and the inferior border of the posterior mandible
between the molars and the angle of the jaw. It is one of the few radiolucent lesions that can occur
below the IAN. The border is well corticated and it will have no effect on the surrounding structures. CT
scan will show a shallow defect through the medial cortex of the mandible with a corticated rim and no
soft tissue abnormalities, with the exception of a portion of the submandibular gland.
 Classification. It is a classed as a pseudocyst, since there is
no epithelial lining or fluid content. This defect is usually considered
with other cysts of the jaws, since it can be mistaken for such on a
radiograph.
 There are no symptoms, and no signs can be elicited on examination
 Causes. An ectopic portion of the submandibular salivary gland which
causes the bone of the lingual cortical plate to remodel. Rarely, the
defect can be completely surrounded by bone, and this has been
theorized to be the result of entrapment of embyonic salivary gland
tissue within the bone. Similar, but rarer, defects may be present in
the anterior portion of the lingual surface of the mandible. These are
not termed Stafne defects which specifically refers to the posterior
location. The anterior defects may be associated with the sublingual
salivary gland
 Radiographically, it is a well-circumscribed, monolocular, round,
radiolucent defect, 1–3 cm in size, usually between the inferior alveolar
nerve(IAN) and the inferior border of the posterior mandible between the
molars and the angle of the jaw. The Stafne defect also tends to not
increase in size or change in radiographic appearance over time (hence
the term "static bone cyst"), and this can be used to help confirm the
diagnosis.
 Epidemiology, Stafne defect is uncommon, and has been reported to
develop anywhere between the ages of 11 and 30 years old, (although
the defect is developmental, it does not seem to be present form birth,
implying that the lesion develops at a later age)
 Aplasia (Agenesis) Salivary Gland

Definition. The congenital absence of salivary

glands. Usually the term relates to the absence of
some or all of the major salivary glands
It is a rare condition, and most known cases have
been in association with syndromes of
the ectodermal tissues, particularly the lacrimal
apparatus.
Example : hereditary ectodermal dysplasia,
mandibulofacial dysostosis and hemifacial
microsomia
 Aplasia (Agenesis) Salivary Gland

 Characteristic. One or group of glands missing unilaterally or

bilaterally, xerostomia (dry mouth), with accompanying susceptibility
to dental caries (tooth decay), early loss of teeth, infections of the
mouth, cracking and fissuring at cornor of mouth and upper respiratory
tract infections (e.g., candidiasis, ascending
sialadenitis, laryngitis and pharyngitis).
Case : A 7-year-old boy reported with the chief complaint of persistent dryness of
the mouth with difficulty in eating and swallowing, since birth. He also complained
of occasional bleeding from the lip and decayed teeth associated with pain. He had
being switching from solid foods to semisolid to liquid diet. The child use to take
long time to eat and require water frequently. He also complained of dryness and
irritability of eyes. For which he had consulted many times to the eye specialist; he
was diagnosed and treated for occluded lacrimal duct but was not relieved. No
other member of the family reported with similar complaints.
 Dental panoramic radiograph showing gross caries

(a) Photograph showing dryness of right buccal mucosa and

lips. (b) Dryness of the left buccal mucosa with
erythematous areas. (c) Anterior lateral view showing
carious lesions. (d) Maxillary occlusal view showing mixed Multiplanar MRI, coronal sections shows
dentition with carious lesions absence of bilateral parotid glands (arrows)
 Definition. The congenital blockage/closure or
absence of the orifice of a major salivary gland duct or
part of the duct itself.
 It is a very rare condition. The submandibular salivary
gland duct is usually involved, having failed to
cannulate during embryological development.
 The condition first becomes apparent in the first few
days after birth where a submandibular swelling
caused by a retention cyst is noticed
 Causes severe xerostomia
 Definition. Small pouches or outpocketing or sac
protruding of ductal system of one of the major
salivary glands
 Definition. Sinus tract from either in crease behind
the pinna or in front of tragus