WORLD SUMMIT ON

SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT 2002

Dr. Amirthalingam. S
Associate Professor of Law
TNNLS
Trichy
 WSSD PREPARATIONS
 Global
 Regional
Main Issue
 Cloud of Issue
 Shared Vision
 Way Forward
Action
 Partnership
 Report
 Timeframe
 GLOBAL MILESTONE
 1972 – STOCKHOLM CONFERENCE
 Creation of environmental agencies
 Formulation of environmental legislations/ regulations

 1982 – NAIROBI DECLARATION

 More environmental institutions
 Formulation of environmental legislations

1987 – BRUNDTLAND COMMISSION’S (Our Common Future)
 Pushed for integration of environment into
macro operations and sectoral policies
 Importance for creation of environmental
cells in sectoral departments or agencies
  1992 – UNCED
 Brought ‘the environment’ to political agenda of governments
 Introduce the concept on Sustainable Development
 Countries committed to the implementation of Agenda21

 1997 – Rio+5
 5-year review of progress achieved on implementation of Agenda 21

 2002 – Rio+10
 WSSD, Johannesburg
 10-year review of progress achieved on
implementation of Agenda 21
 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
GOALS: 2015
 Poverty: Half between 1990 and 2015
 Primary school enrolment: 100%
 Gender disparities in education:
Complete elimination
 Infant mortality: 2/3 reduction from 1990 to 2015
 Maternal mortality: Reduction by 3 quarters
 Health service: Access to all
 National sustainable strategy:
Implementation by 2005
 Loss of environmental resource:
Reversal by 2015
 REGIONAL AND SUBREGIONAL
COOPERATION
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

 Increasing cooperation in subregional

 Cooperation on transboundary air pollution
 Sharing water resources and fisheries right
 Trade and environment
 Global warming/ climate change
 WSSD: Cloud of Issues
 Environmental insecurity: health, freshwater and energy
 Policy recommendations: addressing social and economic
dimensions and stakeholders participation
 Environmental policy: addressing poverty eradication and
sustainable livelihood
 Economic instruments to check environmental
degradation
 Health issues: sanitation, water quality, AIDS and making
health a key indicator for success of sustainable
development
 Energy related issues: phasing out of subsidies, reliability
of energy supply, Kyoto process
 WSSD: Cloud of Issues

 Forestry issues: sustainable forestry goals, recognize political,

economic and environmental dimensions
 Freshwater issues: water supply, consumption and sanitation,
safe water supply to poverty eradication strategies,
public/private partnerships, issues of subsidies
 Development aid: demand driven, focus on poor countries,
transparent, participation of civil society
 Governance issues: implementation, better coordination,
sharing lesson learned, improving international environmental
negotiation process
 Role of science and technology: quality of life, decision
making
 Integration of local dimensions into global decision making
 WSSD: Shared Visions

 Special focus: development aspects of sustainable

development
 A new vision on sustainability: challenges, pressure, impact
of globalization
 Balanced and integrated agenda
 Key focus: poverty eradication, consumption and production
 Focus on implementation: problems and priority issues
 Emerging issues: freshwater, health, AIDS, transport,
energy, environmental security
 Underlying problem: global environmental governance
system
 New political commitments: international treaties negotiation
 Consensus: International Development Goals
 Commitments: Regional Action Programme for
environmentally sound and sustainable development in AP
 WSSD: Way Forward

Common clusters for discussion:

 Poverty: poverty, food security, social dimension,
local governance, financial, etc.
 Natural resources: consumption, production,
eco-efficiency, economic instruments, freshwater,
climate, etc.
 Institutional issues: global institutional framework,
UN institutional reforms, coordination of treaty
regimes, assessment of sustainable strategies, etc.
 WSSD: SECRETARIAT

Subregional
WSSD Regional
NEA
SP
SEA
SA
Secretariat Regional CA
Reports Subregional
Reports

Consultations
Consultations  Roundtable
 Roundtable
 Intergovernmental
 Intergovernmental
Meeting
Meeting
 PREPARATORY PROCESS

Subregional
 Substantive reports: draft and final
 Consultations
 Stakeholders Meeting: 9 major groups (NGOs, Women groups,
Youth groups, Indigenous people, Local authorities, Workers and
trade unions, Business and industry, Science and technological
community, and Farmers )
 Intergovernmental Meeting (Representatives of Finance, Planning,
and Environment Ministries )
 2001 Venue: Beijing (26-28 July) , Apia (5-7 Sept.), Almaty (19-21
Sept.), Colombo (27-29 Sept.), Manila (17-19 October)
Regional
 Synthesis paper: Regional Position Paper
 Consultation
 Stakeholders Meeting
 Intergovernmental Meeting
 2001 Venue: Cambodia (27-29 November)
 Partnership
 ADB, ESCAP, UNDP, UNEP, Intergovernmental
Agencies/Process
 Stakeholder Participation
 9 major groups
 National Governments
 Planning, Finance, Environment
 Focus on Implementation
 Focus as Integrated Sustainable Development
 Forward Looking