Disinfection:

Muhammad Farhan Arooj

Disinfection 1
Introduction
 Need for
disinfection

 Alternative
disinfectants

 Disinfectant
chemistry

Disinfection 2
Some common water-borne diseases
prevented by disinfection
Bacterial Viral Protozoan

Typhoid fever Hepatitis Amoebiasis

Para-typhoid Rotavirus Giardiasis
Bacterial Crypto-
diarrhea sporidiasis
Cholera
Legionnaires’
disease

Disinfection 3
 Types of Disinfection
•Difference between Disinfection and Sterlization

•Types of Disinfection
Physical
Chemical
Mechanical

• Chlorination Reaction
HOCl (Hypochlorous Acid)
OCl (Hypochlorite ion)

Disinfection 4
 Terms in Chlorination
•Plain Chlorination (0.5 -1 mg/L— Res. 0.1 mg/L)

•Pre-Chlorination ( Res. 0.1- 0.5 mg/L)

•Post Chlorination (0.25 -0.5 mg/L--- Res. 0.2 mg/L)

•Super Chlorination

•De Chlorination
Disinfection 5
 Concepts in Chlorination
•Free Available Chlorine

•Combined Available Chlorine

•Break point Chlorination (7 -10 mg/L---Res. 0.5 mg/L)

•Reactions of Chlorine with Ammonia

Monochloroamine
Dichloro amine
Trichloroamine
N20, N2
Disinfection 6
 Concepts in Chlorination
•Chlorine Demand

•Residual Chlorine

•Factors Affecting Disinfection

Time of Contact
Type of Residual
Turbidity
pH
Temperature
Type of Organisms
Amount of Organics present
Disinfection 7
Chlorine gas flow control

Disinfection 8
Chlorine contact tank with baffles

Disinfection 9
Simple Solar Disinfection

Disinfection 10
Solar Disinfection

Disinfection 11
Ozonation

Disinfection 12
Disinfection 13
Numerical No.1:

The chlorine demand of water under given condition is

7 mg/L as Cl2 after a contact period of 30 minutes, Calculate
the amount of Bleaching powder, if available concentration
given by the manufacturer is 13%. The water to be disinfected
is 2,350 m3/day sothat the free residual chlorine is 0.2. Design
Disinfection tank.

Disinfection 14