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DIGITAL

ANIMATION
Vector animation

Vector animation refers to animation that is created using art or motion which is controlled by vectors rather than pixels. It usually offers a
cleaner, smoother animation as the images are displayed and resized using mathematical values rather than stored pixel values. The
vector graphic will be characterised by the width and height of the images in pixels as well as the number of bits per pixel . Vector
animations are based on vectors rather than pixels and are led by points (or paths). Each of these points has a position on the x and y
axes. Each point, as well, is a variety of database, includes the location of the point in the work space and the direction of the vector. Each
track can be assigned a colour, a shape, a thickness and also a fill. vector animations are not made up of a grid of pixels, like GIFS and
JPEGS are. They are comprised of paths which were made using anchor points, these results in smooth crisp outlines
Whilst some vector editors support animation, the most popular such as adobe flash, are specifically geared for that purpose. Although
animations can include bitmap graphics most use only vector based graphics because they tend to scale better and typically take less
space, these vector animations generally have a clean graphic appearance as compared to their alternatives.
Raster animation

Raster graphics refers to animation frames that are made up of pixels rather than scalable component like vertices, edges, paths or
vectors. By storing an image as pixels rather than a vector allows deeper and more realistic lightening and colour because the computer
does not have to render each frame in real time as it does in 3D video game. However due to a fast PC taking ten to twenty minutes to
render one frame, rendering an entire animation tends to require a network of render nodes.
The term raster image refers to the way that an image is stored rather than the way it is displayed. They correspond bit-for-bit with an image
displayed on a screen, usually in the same format used for the images storage in the display's video memory, or occasionally as a device-
independent bitmap.
Raster images are made from a grid of pixels which are also known as a bitmap. If the image file is rather large, more space on the drive or
disk will be consumed. For example, an image that is 640 by 480 will require data to be stored for 307,200 pixels where as a 3072 by
2048 image will store information for 6,291,456 pixels. multiple image compression software’s have been established to decrease file
sizes. Raster animations can be scaled down with no loss of quality (lossy), but increasing a bitmap image causes it to become pixelated.
Raster graphics result in a soft sometimes fuzzy/pixelated outline.
Compression
File size - Compression is popular within computers. It is when the size of the file has been reduced so that it does not take up too much file space.
It does this by condensing the number of bits into a smaller file resulting in a faster loading time. Compression can either be lossy or lossless. Lossy
compression is the class of “data encoding methods which uses inexact approximations and partial data discarding to represent the content.” the
technique is used to reduce data size for storage and handling content. Well-designed lossy compression technology often reduces file sizes
significantly before degradation is noticed by the end-user. Even when noticeable by the user, further data reduction may be desirable. Lossy
compression is more commonly used within multimedia data such as video, sound and images.

Lossless compression is used to reduce the file size with no quality being loss and can be applied to both audio and image files. Lossless
compression is used to rewrite the data of the original file in an effective way. However, as there is no quality being lost, the resulting files are usually
much larger that audio and image files. An example of this would be seen when a file is being compressed using lossy compression may be a quarter
of the original size where as lossless compression is not likely to produce a file smaller than half the original size.

Download speeds- The download sped of an item it determined by multiple things including the internet connection, the capability of the computer
and the web browser that is being used. Depending on the type of file that is being compressed the compression type will alter. The most popular
types are lossless and lossy compression.

When lossy compression is being used, data and quality may be lost from the original version. Lossy compression tends to be associated with image
files such as JPEGS but can also be used for audio files. Once the file has been compressed by lossy compression, there will be much more space on
the software/disk as lossy compression removes data from the original file. For example, the file size of an images can be reduced more than eighty
per cent yet the effect will be little to unnoticeable. When lossless compression is used, the file size will be reduced with no loss of quality. “This
method of reducing file sizes can be applied to both image and audio files (JPEG/MP3s). While JPEGs and MP3s use lossy compression, newer
compression, such as JPEG 2000 and Apple Lossless compression, can be used to create lossless compressed files.” By applying one of these
forms of compressions the files would be able to download at a reasonable speed.
File formats

SWF-Small web format, often abbreviated to SWF, is an adobe flash player format which is used for multimedia, vector graphics,
games and action script. Originally originating with future-wave, SWF was later transferred to macro-media to be then taken over by
Adobe. “SWF files can contain animations or applets of varying degrees of interactivity and function.” SWF may also occur in
programs, most commonly browser games, using action script.
SWF files can be generated within multiple adobe products, including, flash, flash builder and adobe animate. Adobe illustrator can
also create SWF file formats using the 'export' function. However, the software itself can not open nor edit them. Browsers like fire
fox can automatically play and open these files as they are already loaded with the adobe flash player. You can also choose to
allow certain websites to always allow a format to be loaded on google chrome. However they will not do it automatically.
Besides adobe, various other third party programs can also generate SWF file formats, including, Multimedia Fusion 2, Captivate
and SWiSH Max.
Fla-An FLA file is an animation project created by Adobe Animate, a program which is used to draw and publish interactive
animations. It inludes graphics, video, text elements, audio, and other assets. FLA files are often saved as .SWF files for use on the
web as they are viewable in most web browsers with the Flash plugin. When an FLA file is opened in the Animate environment
there will be five main parts. The environment includes a stage that shows the visible area, a timeline that controls the timing of
the elements, a tools panel that contains tools for working with elements in the project, a property inspector that displays
information about elements, and a library panel that stores media elements.
Conclusion

To conclude, digital animation can consist of either vector animations or raster animations, also known as bitmap. As
suggested in the name, vector graphics are crated using vectors where as raster animations are created using pixels. A raster
animation, like a gif or jpeg, is an collection of pixels that are made up from a number of colours, which together form an
image. A vector graphic, like an .eps file is made up of paths, or lines, that are either straight or curved. The data file for a
vector image includes the points where the paths start and end, how much the paths curve, and the colours that either border
or fill the paths.
In order to create an animation and use it in the web, the animation may need to be compressed. This is because the file size
may be to large or the download speed is to slow. When compressing the file, lossy or lossless compression can be used. The
different between the both is how they compress the file. Where as lossless compression rewrites the file, lossy compression
takes data out.

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