PHILOSOPHY

OF
BASIC EDUCATION
 Hello!
Dr. John Dewey (1859-1950)
American Philosopher and educator. He was born on
October 20, 1859 and graduated from the University of
Vermont in 1879 and received his Ph.D. Degree from John
Hopkins University in 1884. He was a professor of
Philosophy in University of Minnesota in 1868 and at the
University of Michigan from 1889 -1894.
PHILOSOPHICAL
BELIEFS
Philosophyy provided great effects and changes in the field
of education not only in the Philippines but also in other
countries.
 PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEFS

✖ Empiricism or naturalism which

means that everything begins
and ends with an experience
and nature.
✖ Experimentalism which stresses
the importance of experiment
in achieving the truth
 PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEFS

✖ Instrumentalism means that man can

think and can discover new ways in
of responding to a new changed of
environment.
✖ Pragmatism asserts that man and
nature are inter-independent. Nature
is not something merely to be
accepted and enjoyed by man, it is
something to be modified and
experimentally controlled.
 PHILIPPINE
EDUCATIONAL
SYSTEM
Philippine has a diverse education system which was influenced
by the Spanish, American and Japanese .
 PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Under the Martial Law the schools,
public and private, have been vitally
affected in many other significant
ways. After Marcos regime, there
were reorganization in the
government structure and even in the
functions of the educational system.
There were several revisions and
improvements, new orders and laws
that made the education better and
uplift the aims of the education.
Under the presidential Decree No. 6-A, it is
hereby declared a policy of the state to
maintain the highest quality of education for
purposes of national development. The P.D.
No. 6-A states to be the policy of the
government to insure, within the context of
a free and democratic system, maximum
contribution of the educational system to
the attainment of national goals.
 PHILOSOPHY OF DR. JOHN
DEWEY IN PHILIPPINE SETTING

Dr. John Dewey, who is an advocate of the philosophy of

pragmatism, might simply be called experimentalist because he
insists that ideas must always be tested by experiment.
PHILOSOPHY OF DR. JOHN DEWEY IN PHILIPPINE
SETTING

✖ (a) Education is life and not preparation for life which is

based on the idea that education is not learning alone but
it is living.
✖ (b) Promoting the total growth of the child is made the
aim of education which is based on the philosophy that
growth means growth in knowledge, habits, skills, and
abilities. It is a continuous process.
✖ (c) Learning by experiencing or reacting or doing in
which learning and teaching must utilize the theory of
self activity.
PHILOSOPHY OF DR. JOHN DEWEY IN PHILIPPINE
SETTING

✖ (d) Recognizes individual differences based on the

principle that each individual is unique in which calls for
the adjustment of subject matter and activities given to
learners.
✖ (e) Evaluation is made an important part of teaching and
learning.
✖ (f) Thinking and reasoning are stressed in classroom
activities based on the theory of self-activity.
PHILOSOPHY OF DR. JOHN DEWEY IN PHILIPPINE
SETTING

✖ (g) Use of academic freedom in the classroom activities.

This concept calls for the use of democratic principle in
teaching and learning.
✖ (h) Education is more practical and functional. The
instructional method must also gear in the social, political
and economic aspect of the individual’s life.
 Enhanced K-12 Curriculum is also based
on the philosophy of John Dewey, the
pragmatism, experimentalism, empiricism
or naturalism and instrumentalism
principles.
Enhanced K to 12 Basic Education
Program

Acquire mastery of Be more

basic competencies. emotionally mature.

Be socially aware, pro- Be adequately prepared

active, involve in public and for the word of work or
civic affairs. entrepreneurship or
higher education.
 Enhanced K to 12 Basic Education
Program

Be legally employable Be globally

with potential for better competitive.
earnings
Every graduate of the Enhanced K to 12 Basic Education program is an
empowered individual who has learned, through a program that is rooted
on sound educational principles and geared towards excellence, the
foundations for learning throughout life, the competence to engage in work
and be productive, the ability to coexist in fruitful harmony with local and
global communities, the capability to engage in autonomous critical
thinking, and the capacity to transform others and one’s self.
ALTERNATIVE
EDUCATION
Alternative education encompasses many pedagogical
approaches differing from mainstream pedagogy.
Such alternative learning environments may be found
within state, charter, and independent schools as well
as home-based learning environments.
DEFENITION OF
TERMS
 DEFENITION OF TERMS

✖ Alternative Learning System – is a parallel

learning system that provides a viable
alternative to the existing formal education
instruction. It encompasses both the
nonformal and informal sources of
knowledge and skills
 PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEFS
DEFENITION OF TERMS

✖ Nonformal Education (NFE) – is any

organized, systematic educational activity
carried outside the framework of the
formal system to provide selected types of
learning to a segment of the population
 PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEFS
DEFENITION OF TERMS

✖ Informal Education – is a lifelong process

of learning by which every person acquires
and accumulates knowledge, skills,
attitudes and insights from daily experiences
at home, at work, at play and from life itself
 PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEFS
DEFENITION OF TERMS

✖ Basic Education – is the education intended

to meet basic learning needs which lays the
foundation on which subsequent learning
can be based. It encompasses early
childhood, elementary and high school
education as well as alternative learning
systems for children, OSY and adult
learners and for those with special needs
 PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEFS
DEFENITION OF TERMS

✖ Lifeskills as an approach in ALS - The

Philippines adopts the World Health
Organization (WHO) definition of lifeskills.
The lifeskills approach to teaching-learning
is the principal methodology used in ALS
curriculum where active-learning and
cooperativelearning strategies are applied.
ALTERNATIVE LEARNING
SYSTEM
Program for illiterates: Basic Literacy Program (BLP)

✖ The Basic Literacy Program (BLP) is a program

aimed at eradicating illiteracy among out-of-schools
youth and adults (in extreme cases school-aged
children) by developing basic literacy skills of
reading, writing and numeracy.
 Program for dropouts of formal Elementary and Secondary Levels:
Continuing Education: Accreditation and Equivalency (A&E) Program
.

✖ The Accreditation and Equivalency (A&E) Program is a program aimed at

providing an alternative pathway of learning for out-of-school children, youth
and adults who are basically literate but who have not completed the 10 years
of basic education mandated by the Philippine Constitution. Through this
program, school dropouts are able to complete elementary and high school
education outside the formal school system
 Program for Indigenous Peoples:
Indigenous Peoples Education

✖ The Indigenous Peoples Education is a research and

development project which aims to provide basic education
support services to IP communities. This is initially implemented
at the tribal communities in Dumalneg, Ilocos Norte, Gen. Nakar,
Quezon, and Botolan, Zambales.
 Program for Muslim Migrants:
Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education in
Alternative Learning System (ALIVE in ALS)

✖ The Arabic Language and Islamic Values Education in Alternative Learning

System (ALIVE in ALS) is designed for the Muslim Migrants to be able to
positively contribute to the peace efforts of our government in order to
improve the quality of life of Muslim OSY and adults. It has components,
namely; Basic Literacy Program + ALIVE; Accreditation & Equivalency (A&E)
Program + ALIVE; Informal Education + ALIVE; Technical Vocational Education
Program + ALIVE; and Entrepreneurship Development + ALIVE.
 Program for Hearing Impairment:
Alternative Learning System for Differently-Abled
Persons (ALS-DAP)

✖ The Alternative Learning System for Differently-Abled Persons

(ALS-DAP) is a project which aims to deliver Basic Literacy
Program to the special/differently-abled children/OSYs/adults,
e.g., hearing impaired learners who have not availed of/have no
access to the formal school system through specialized
approaches, e.g., sign language.
 Program for Adolescents:
Adolescent Reproductive Health (ARH)

✖ The Adolescent Reproductive Health is a project for out-of-

school adolescents ages 9-24 years old. It is a life skills-based
education program for adolescents who are in high-risky
behavior, sex-related or non-sex related behavior.
 Program for Parents: Parent Education

✖ The Parent Education is an informal education which is a life

skills short-term course that addresses the special needs and
interests of the parents to promote pride in their work and
ownership of their responsibilities as members of the family
and their community.
 Program for Poor Families:
Family Basic Literacy Program (FBLP)

✖ This is a literacy service learning intervention utilizing literate

family members to help non-literate members upgrade their
literacy skills and improve the educational opportunities of poor
families in the depressed, deprived and underserved (DDU)
areas.
 Radio-Based Instruction (RBI)

✖ The Radio-Based Instruction (RBI) Program is an alternative

learning delivery mode using radio broadcast to deliver the ALS
programs. As a form of distance learning, it is able to expand
access to education by bringing it to where the learners are. It
aims to provide learning opportunities to listeners and enable
them to acquire equivalency in basic education through the
broadcast of lessons.
 Program for Disadvantaged Children:
Informal Education for Disadvantaged Children

✖ This program focuses on packaging of short-term educational activity that

addresses the special needs and interests of the street and working
children. It intends to use life skills active learning approaches/strategies
aimed at developing/enhancing social, civic, aesthetic, cultural,
recreational physical and personal development. The learning
materials/packages may be developed/adopted/adapted or gathered
from other sources and tailored-fit to the identified needs of the said
users.
REFERENCES:

✖ Acero,Victorina. Javier, Evelyn. Castro, Herminia. Principles and

Strategies of Teaching. Rex Bookstore, Inc. 2000
✖ Gregorio, Herman. Gregorio, Cornelia. Philosophy of Education in
Philippine Setting. Garotech Publishing. 2007
✖ Zulueta,Francisco.Maglaya, Elda.Foundations of Education. National
Bookstore. Reprint 2005
✖ http://www.philosophy.ProspectsinEducation.United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Place de Fontenoy
© Vol.1No.2.2007
✖ http://www.spaceandmotion.com.Philosophy-Spinoza-
Philosopher.httm
✖ http://www.John Dewey’s Educational Philosophy:Core Concepts
George Demetrion Literacy Volunteers of Greater Hartford
George.demetrion@lvgh.org August 1, 2003
✖ http://www.deped.gov.ph/als/programs