18th and 19 th Centuries Art

18th Century Art

• The 18th Century French Art was dominated by Rococo
and neoclassical movements
• The 18th century is often called the Age of Rococo, a
light-hearted, decorative style that originated in France
around 1700 and spread across Europe. In Italy
however, it was less well-defined and less dominant.
The label is often applied to many of the most popular
painters in Venice.
• The most celebrated painter of the century, however,
carried on the grandness of the baroque tradition.
 19th Century Art
• 19th century French art was made in France or by
French citizens.
• Many of the developments in French arts in this
period parallel changes in literature.
• The romantic tendencies continued throughout
the century: both idealized landscape painting
and Naturalism have their seeds in Romanticism:
both Gustave Courbet and the Barbizon school
are logical developments, as is too the late 19th
century.
 18th 19th Century
• The frence began in 1789, when citizen
stormed the bastille prison in paris. Within a
few years, france adopted and overthrown
several constitution and executed its former
king. Finally in 1979 the successful general
napoleon bonapart seized control and 1804
pro claim himself emperor. but fail to attempt
to unite
• The 19th century architecture theorist Viollet-
le-Duc had advocated showing, rather than
concealing the iron frameworks of modern
buildings.
 NEO-CLASSISM
• Comes from the Greek word “new” and latin
“classicus” of the highest rank is the name
given given to Western moements in the
decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre,
music, and architecture that draw inspiration
from the “classical” art and culture of Ancient
Greece or Ancient Rome.
• Neo-classism was born in Rome in the mid-
18th century, but it’s popularity spread all over
Europe.
• The main Neoclassical movement coincided
with the 18th-century “Age of Enlightenment”,
and continued into the early 19th century.
• Neoclassism is a revival of the styles and spirit
of classic antiquity directly from the classical
period.
• The term “Neoclassical” was not invented
until the mid-19th century, and at the style was
described by such terms as “the true style”,
“reformed” and “revival”; what was regarded
as being revived varying considerably.
 ROMANTISM
• (also known Romantic era or the Romantic
period) was an artistic, literary, musical and
intellectual movement that originated in Europe
toward the end of the 18th century and in most
areas was its peak in the approximate period
from 1800 to 1850.
• Romantism was characterized by its emphasis on
emotion and individualism as well as glorification
of all the past and nature.
• The movement emphasized intense emotion such
as apprehension, horror and terror, and awe.
• In visual arts Romantism first showed itself in
landscape painting.
• Other groups of artist expressed feelings that
verged on the mystical ;these included William
Blake and Samuel Palmer and the other members
of ancients in England, and in Germany Philipp
Otto Runge.
• The arrival of Romanticism in French art was
delayed by strong hold of Neoclassicism , but
from the Napoleonic period it became
increasingly popular, initially in the form of
history paintings propagandising for the new
regime.
 REALISM
• Realism was an artistic movement that began in
France in the 1850s, after the 1848 Revolution.
Realism revolted against the exotic subject matter
and exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the
romantic movement.
• Realism is recognized as the first modern
movement in art, which rejected traditional
forms of art, literature, and social organization as
outmoded in the wake of the Enlightenment and
the industrial Revolution.
• Realism revolutionized painting, expanding
conceptions of what constituted art.
• Realist painters replaced the idealistic images and
literary conceits of traditional art with real-life
events, giving the margins of society similar
weight to grand history paintings and allegories.
• Realism is broadly considered the beginning of
modern art. Realism embraced the progressive
aims of modernism, seeking new truths through
the reexamination and overturning of traditional
system of values and beliefs.
• Realism concerned itself with how life was
structure socially, economically, politically, and
culturally in the mid-nineteenth century.
 ART NOUVEAU
• Is an international style of art, architecture and applied art,
especially the decorative arts, that was most popular
between 1890 and 1910. It was inspired by natural forms
and structures, particularly the curved lines of plants and
flowers.
• English uses the French name Art Nouveau (“new art”). The
style is related to, but not identical with.
• Art Nouveau is considered a “ total ” art style , embracing
architecture, graphic art , interior design, and most of the
decorative arts including jewellery, furniture, textiles,
household silver and other utensils, and lighting, as well as
the fine arts.
• By 1910, Art Nouveau was already out of style. It was
replaced as the dominant European architecture and
decorative style first by Art Deco and then by MOdernism
• Art Nouveau architects Victor Horta and
Hector Guimard went step further; they added
iron decorative in curves inspired by floral and
vegetal forms both in the interiors and
exteriors of their buildings.
*GLASS ART
-was a medium in which Art Nouveau found new
and varied ways of expression.
*PAINTING
-was another important domain of Art Nouveau,
though most Art Nouveau painters were also
associated with other art movements,
particularly the Nabis in France and the Symbolist
in France and Austria.
*ART GRAPHIC ARTS FLOURISHED
-in the Art Nouveau period, thanks to new
technologies of printing , particularly color
lithography which allowed the mass production
of color posters.
 SYMBOLISM
• Was a late nineteenth-century art movement of
French, Russian and Belgian origin in poetry and
other arts.
• Symbolists believed that art should represent
absolute truths that could only be described
indirectly. They wrote in a very metaphorical and
suggestive manner, endowing particular images
or objects with symbolic meaning. Jean Moreas
published the Symbolist Manifesto ( “Le
Symbolisme”)
• The Symbolist Manifesto names Charles
Baudelaire, Stẻphane Mallarmẻ, and Paul
Verlaine as the three leading poets of the
movement. Morẻas announced that
symbolism was hostile to “ plain meanings,
declamations, false sentimentality and matter-
of-fact description”, and that its goal instead
was to “ clothe the Ideal in a perceptible form
“ whose” “ goal was not in itself, but those
sole purpose was to express the Ideal”
• THANK YOU