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Chapter 10
Gases
John D. Bookstaver
St. Charles Community College
Cottleville, MO
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Characteristics of Gases
Gases
Gases
• Pascals
– 1 Pa = 1 N/m2
• Bar
– 1 bar = 105 Pa = 100 kPa
Gases
Gases
• It is equal to
– 1.00 atm
– 760 torr (760 mmHg)
– 101.325 kPa
Gases
Gases
Since PV = k
A plot of V versus P results in a curve.
V = k (1/P)
This means a plot of V versus 1/P will be a
straight line. Gases
Gases
• So,
V
=k
T
• A plot of V versus T
will be a straight line.
Gases
Gases
The constant of
proportionality is
known as R, the
gas constant.
Gases
The relationship nT
V
P
then becomes nT
V=R
P
or
PV = nRT
Gases
n P
=
V RT
Gases
• We know that
– Moles molecular mass = mass
n=m
• So multiplying both sides by the
molecular mass () gives
m P
=
V RT Gases
• So, m P
d= =
V RT
Note: One needs to know only the
molecular mass, the pressure, and the
temperature to calculate the density of
a gas. Gases
Gases
Gases
Gases
Gases
Gases
Gases
Effusion is the
escape of gas
molecules
through a tiny
hole into an
evacuated
space.
Gases
Diffusion is the
spread of one
substance
throughout a space
or throughout a
second substance.
Gases
m1 v22 v2
= =
m2 v12 v1
Gases
Gases
Gases
Gases
Gases