ABB B.G. Controlled Switching Ed4

How to determine the right self healing grid
strategy to achieve your budget and reliability

goals: A look at three business models
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 1
Self healing grid strategies
Presenter
Cleber Angelo
Outdoor Medium Voltage
Global Product Manager
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 2
Agenda
 Challenges facing utilities today
 Situational analysis
 Improvement goals for self healing strategies
 Introduction to self-healing grid business models
 device level and /or peer to peer
 substation level
 centralized
 Detailed explanations of each business model including
 The type of investment required
 Expected reliability improvements
 Options to determine the best implementation strategy for your budget
 Summary
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 3
Challenges facing utilities today
 The industry is moving toward a

deregulated, competitive environment
requiring accurate information about
system performance to ensure
maintenance money are spent wisely and
customer expectations are met
 CAIDI and SAIDI scores are under close
scrutiny from government agencies
 System reliability pertains to both sustained
interruptions and momentary interruptions
 Any interruption of greater than five minutes is
generally considered a reliability issue in some
countries.
 Limited capital budgets for continued
improvements in grid reliability
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 4
Interruption definitions
 Momentary interruption – A single

operation of an interrupting device that
results in zero voltage.
 Momentary interruption event - An
interruption of duration limited to the
period required to restore service by an
interrupting device. This must be
completed within 5 minutes or any other
period determined by regulation
agencies.
 Sustained interruption – any
interruption not classified as a
momentary interruption
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 5
Improvement goals
 Implementing self healing or fault

detection isolation and restoration
(FDIR) can help utilities:
 Improve CAIDI and SAIDI metrics
by up to 33%
 Decrease restoration time to less
than 30 seconds
 Reduce the cost of restoration
 Prevent lost revenues
 Boost the utility’s reputation with
customers, stockholders and
government regulators
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 6
1st business model: Device level or peer-to-peer
 Device level and/or peer-to-peer

 A group of reclosers, load break switches,
and feeder circuit breakers operate together
to restore power in the most optimal manner
 Benefits
 Allows utilities to focus investments on
feeders that experience the most outages
 Fast implementation
 Initial low capital investment
 Target solution appropriate for problem
feeders
 Improves SAIDI and CAIDI scores
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 7
Requirements for device level (no communications required)
 System topology representation
 Feeders with single restoration path, generally open “tie switch”
 Pre-fault system status
 Normal voltage measurements at each node and on both sides
of “tie switch”
 Pre-fault system loading (capacity check for the restoration done
by protection or planning engineers)
 Fault detection and isolation
 Coordinated protection devices using standard protection curves
and predetermined reclosing intervals
 Load restoration
 Loss of voltage detected on one side of “tie switch” and on
source side of reclosers on faulted circuit
 Timing sequence initiated
 If loss of voltage is sustained for predetermined interval, other
reclosers open if necessary to continue isolation and “tie switch”
closes restoring power
Device level
Loop automation (no communications)
Sectionalizing Midpoint
Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker GridShield GridShield
Source 1
3 VT’s
1 VT 1 VT
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield
Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
GridShield GridShield
Source 2
1 VT 1 VT
Device level
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
3 VT’s
1 VT 1 VT
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
1 VT 1 VT
Device level
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
3 VT’s
1 VT 1 VT
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
1 VT 1 VT
Device level
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
3 VT’s
1 VT 1 VT
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
1 VT 1 VT
Device level
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
3 VT’s
1 VT 1 VT
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
1 VT 1 VT
Device level
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
3 VT’s
1 VT 1 VT
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
1 VT 1 VT
Requirements for peer-to-peer (requires communications)
 System topology representation

 Feeders with single restoration path, generally open “tie switch”
 Pre-fault system status
 Switch status (upstream and downstream information for
devices)
 Pre-fault system loading (capacity check for the restoration)
 Fault detection
 Based on recloser lockout status and reclosing counter value
change, or substation breaker trip signal
 Downstream node of the lockout switch is the fault location
 Fault isolation
 Downstream switch(es) of the fault location
 Load restoration
 Start from the downstream node of the isolation switches
Device level
Peer-to-Peer
Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Source 1
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield
IEC 61850 Communications

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
Device level
Peer-to-Peer
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
Device level
Peer-to-Peer
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
Device level
Peer-to-peer
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield

Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Breaker
Source 2
Summary device level

 Target solution appropriate for problem feeders
 Best fit for single restoration path circuits
 Loop schemes requires voltage sensors
 Peer-to-peer requires high speed communications –
IEC61850 is only standards based peer-to-peer
solution available with open protocol environment
 Protection/coordination engineers manage logic
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 20
2nd business model: Substation level
 Substation level
 Coordinated control between groups of
reclosers, load break switches, and substation
circuit breakers within a substation and
possibly with adjacent substations
 Benefits
 Avoids overloading of adjacent substations
 Reduces engineering support and recurring
costs
 Supports future communications investments
for applications such as asset health and
volt/Var control
 Utilities realize benefits on groups of
substations and the feeders they control
 Increases improvement in SAIDI and CAIDI
scores
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 21
Introduction to substation level
 IEDs monitor and control switches

 Substation computer collects data from IEDs
 FDIR active logic resides on substation computer
 Automatic identification and isolation of a fault
 Automatic power restoration
 Generally faster response than control center-
based FDIR
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 22
Substation level
Substation based supervision
Recloser Recloser
Substation Fault
Circuit 52 X 52
Source 1
Tie Point 52
Recloser GridShield
DNP/IEC Communications
Recloser Recloser
Substation
Circuit 52 52
Source 2
Substation level
Substation level
Substation level
Substation computer-based FDIR active logic
Start
Poll IED information

-Sw status (open, close,
lockout)
Obtain IED Information -Sw recloser counter value
-Sw Current …
No
Permanent Fault
Occurs ? - Identify fault location
- Identify isolation switches
- Send isolation control
Yes command
- Confirm isolation actions
Generate Isolation Logic
Implement isolation control
- Search alternative sources

Generate Restoration Logic - Obtain restoration solution
Implement restoration control - Send restoration control
command
- Confirm restoration actions
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 26
Substation level
Substation computer-based FDIR requirements
 Dynamic system configuration update
 Represent system topology through system single line
 Automatically generates logic for isolation and restoration via single line
model
 System incidence matrix is dynamically generated based on
 System connectivity model
 Real-time system switch status
 Depth-first search strategy (traces all paths available to determine the
optimal solution to restore power)
 Fault restoration
 Load current-based capacity check (pre-fault load current)
 Single or multi-path restoration supported
 Multi-path restoration – unserved loads picked up by multiple feeders
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 27
Summary Substation Level

 Can provide multiple paths for restoration, but generally best
fit if all sources for restoration are from same substation
 Requires communications (lower baud, i.e., 9600) but
possibly already in place
 Protection/coordination engineers must work with SCADA
engineers.
 Should reduce customized logic in protection devices
 Utilities realize benefits on groups of substations and the
feeders they control
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 28
3rd business model – Centralized control
 Centralized
 Coordinated control between groups of reclosers, load
break switches, and high voltage circuit breakers
across the distribution grid
 Benefits
 Takes advantage of load profile forecasting
 Allows utilities to take a proactive approach to power
management
 Highest level of worker safety
 Supports smart grid initiatives
 Utilities realize benefits across the grid
 Maximum improvement in SAIDI and CAIDI scores
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 29
Introduction to centralized control
 IEDs monitor and control switches

 Substation computer collects IED data
 Substation computer acts as gateway –
serves IED data to control center
SCADA and DMS
 Restoration Switching Analysis (RSA)
run on DMS
 Load flow analysis as part of RSA,
i.e., full network model used
 Automated or advisory FDIR
 Generally slower response than
substation-based FDIR, but more
comprehensive solution
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 30
Centralized control
Source 2
52 Source 4
52 52 52
52
( GridShield
Source 3
52
52 52 52 52
GridShield
Source 1 Fault
GridShield
GridShield
52 52 52
52 52
GridShield
X 52
GridShield
GridShield GridShield GridShield
Source 4
52 52 52
GridShield
GridShield
B
Centralized control
Centralized control
Centralized control
Centralized control
Summary centralized control level
 Requires SCADA applications, generally DMS with load flow

and short circuit capability
 Target solution appropriate for all feeders
 Can provide multiple paths for restoration from multiple
substations
 Requires communications (lower baud, i.e., 9600) but
possibly already in place.
 Protection/coordination engineers must work with SCADA
engineers
 Should reduce customized logic in protection devices
 Utilities realize benefits on groups of substations and the
feeders they control
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 36
Summary
 Electric System performance and reliability are continually
being scrutinized by customers and regulators
 Performance indices are becoming more difficult to meet
 Bottom line is that utilities need flexible and adaptable
solutions to reduce outage restoration times
 No single solution meets every customer’s needs
 Device level solutions are generally “low cost”, easy to
pilot and can be implemented by protection and control
group
 Substation level solutions provide multi-feeder
restoration paths, again are easy to pilot and can re-use
existing equipment and communications infrastructure
 Centralized solutions offers most flexible and
comprehensive restoration options.
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 37
Overview
Outdoor Portfolio
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 38
© ABB Group
June 29, 2018 | Slide 39

ABB B.G. Controlled Switching Ed4

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How to determine the right self healing grid

strategy to achieve your budget and reliability

 The industry is moving toward a

 Momentary interruption – A single

 Implementing self healing or fault

 Device level and/or peer-to-peer

Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

Sectionalizing Midpoint 3 VT’s

 System topology representation

IEC 61850 Communications

IEC 61850 Communications

IEC 61850 Communications

IEC 61850 Communications

 Initial low capital investment

 IEDs monitor and control switches

Poll IED information

- Search alternative sources

 Initial low capital investment

 IEDs monitor and control switches

 Requires SCADA applications, generally DMS with load flow

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