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Strength of Materials
Agenda
Strength of Materials
STATICALLY DETERMINATE BEAMS
Strength of Materials
TYPE A
Example:1 An aluminium bar 1.8 meters long has a
25 mm square c/s over 0.6 meters of its length and
25 mm circular c/s over other 1.2 meters . How much
will the bar elongate under a tensile load P=17500 N,
if E = 75000 Mpa.
Solution :- = ∑PL/AE
=17500*600 / (252*75000) +
17500*1200/(0.785*25 2*75000) =0.794 mm
Strength of Materials
• Example: 2 A steel bar having
40mm*40mm*3000mm dimension is subjected to
an axial force of 128 kN. Taking E=2*105N/mm2 and
= 0.3,find out change in dimensions.
40
128 kN 128 kN
3000 mm 40
Hint: New breadth B1 =B(1- )
New Depth D1 = D(1- )
Strength of Materials
Example: 3 A prismatic steel bar having
cross sectional area of A=300 mm2 is subjected
to axial load as shown in figure . Find the net
increase in the length of the bar. Assume E =
2 x 10 5 MPa. ( Ans = -0.17mm)
20 kN 15 kN 15 kN
C B A
1m 1m 2m
15 A 15
B
0 0
20 C 20
= 20000*1000/(300*2x10 5)-15000*2000/(300*2 x10 5)
= 0.33 - 0.5 = -0.17 mm Strength
(i.e.contraction)
of Materials
TYPE B
A B
x
P
Strength of Materials
5m
9m
3m
P(9-x)/9 P(x)/9
A B
x
P
Strength of Materials
For the bar to be in horizontal position,
Displacements at A & B should be same,
A = B
(PL/AE)A =(PL/AE)B
{P(9-x)/9}*3 {P(x)/9}*5
=
(0.001*1*105) 0.000445*2*105
(9 - x)*3=x*5*1.1236
27-3x=5.618 x
8.618 x=27
x = 3.13 m
Strength of Materials
• Example: 2 Determine the diameter of rod 200m
long hang vertically and subjected a axial pull of
325kN at its lower end if its end weight per cubic
meter is 80kN and working stress is 75Mpa.Also
determine the total elongation of rod. Take
E=210Gpa
L=200mm
P=325kN
Ans.: Diameter of rod:83.75mm
Strength of Materials Total elongation:63.81mm
Example: 3 A conical bar of diameter 2m and length 3m
is hang to a ceiling. Weight density of material is
75kN/m3 for rod and young’s modulus of rod is
100Gpa. Determine the deformation due to its own
weight.
L=3m
Strength of Materials
TYPE C
Cast iron
Copper
200kN 200kN
Ans.: c =94.314Mpa
S =188.628Mpa
Hint: c / E c = s / E s L= 1.132mm
Steel tube
L= c L / E c
• Example:3 Two copper road and one steel
rod(center) together support load be shown in
figure. Cross sectional area of each rod is 900 mm2 .
If the stresses in copper and steel are not to exceed
50 MPa and 100 MPa respectively find safe load can
be support Young’s modulus of the steel is twice that
of copper.
Strength of Materials
Example:4 For the composite section fixed at both ends
as shown in Fig., find :
(i) Reactions at both ends
(ii) Stresses in each part
(iii) Construct axial force diagram.
Assume : for Copper, AC = 4000 mm2, EC = 120 kN/mm2
for Aluminium, Aal = 6000 mm2, Eal = 70 kN/mm2
for Brass, Ab = 5500 mm2, Eb = 100 kN/mm2.
Aluminium
Copper Brass
180 kN 30 kN
50 kN
500 mm 600 mm
400 mm Strength of Materials