A BRIEF STUDY

of
CYLINDER DEACTIVATION
SYSTEM (CDS)

Prepared By:
Md Saifur Rhaman Khan
Id No: 1722011060
CYLINDER DEACTIVATION SYSTEM
(CDS)

A technology with a
future or a niche
application?
What is CDS ?
What is CDS ?
 If you want to save fuel, one of the easiest
ways is to not to use it.
 When full power isn’t needed, some
cylinders don’t get any fuel or shut down.
 That’s the idea behind cylinder
deactivation, used by some OEM
manufacturer to help improve fuel
economy and reduce emissions.
First Application: Cadillac Seville
1981
6.0L V8 OHV
8 6 4
Batch-120000
Earlier Developments
 General Motors’ Active Fuel Management
(AFM) – V8/V6 (1981/2004)
 Active Cylinder Control (ACC) developed
by Mercedes-Benz. - V8/V12(1999)
 Chrysler’s Multi-Displacement System
(MDS) – V8 (2004)
 Honda’s Variable Cylinder Management
(VCM) – V6 (2005)
 Volkswagen’s Active cylinder management
(ACM) at 4 cylinder engine. (2011)
Examples for CDS in mass
Production
Cylinder deactivation mechanism
 Coolant temperature,Vehicle Speed,
Engine load parameters
 Disable inlet / exhaust valves, spark plug,
Fuel.
 Disable after power stroke to a gas spring
 Lifter oil manifold Assembly, Solenoid
control valves
Cylinder deactivation mechanism
Methods used for cylinder
deactivation
 CDS operate with three type of engines
 Pushrod Engine (Mostly V-Shaped)
 Over Head Cam (OHC) Engine
 Camless Engine
Pushrod Engine
 Use special type of hydraulic lifter
 Oil supply is turned on and off via an
electronic solenoid that is controlled by
the ECM.
Pushrod Engine
Overhead Cam (OHC) Engines
a pair of locked-together rocker arms use
for each valve. One follows the cam
profile while the other actuates the valve.
 CDS mode - solenoid controlled oil
pressure releases a locking pin between
the two rocker arms.
Overhead Cam (OHC) Engines
Camless Engine
 A camless or free-valve piston operated
by electromagnetic, hydraulic, or
pneumatic actuators.
 In CDS mode, the engines controlled by
ECM
Camless Engine
Electronic Control Module (ECM)
 The “brain” of the engine is the electronic
control module (ECM)
 When less power required the ECU
selectively deactivates cylinders by
deactivating the intake and exhaust valves
and fuel injectors.
 When more power is required the ECU
reactivates the valves and fuel injector
of the deactivated cylinders,
Solenoid Valve Operation
 Control cylinder deactivation
 Common port of the solenoid control
valve connected to the locking pins inside
the valve lifter
 Common port
 Engine oil pressure: deactivation
 Engine sump: activation
Advantage
 Increased fuel efficiency (10-20%)
 Decreased emissions from deactivated
cylinders
 Better breathing capability of the engine,
thereby reducing power consumed in
suction stroke.
Disadvantages
 Engine balancing.
 Increased cost of manufacturing
 Overall increase in weight
Future Trends
 Dynamic Skip Fire - System controls each
cylinder individually and Monitor torque
required on the engine and fires only when
torque is needed.
 Active Valve Train Technology, which uses
valve controls with high speed hydraulic
actuators there by eliminating the use of
Cam shaft.
 Controlled auto ignition (CAI) which
replaces the conventional spark plugs and
fires at carefully timed moment to set the
compressed charge of fuel alight (Mazda
Recent Development)
Thank You