3.

Cementing

Cementing 3.1- 1
 Lesson 11 - Cementing

 Cementing Processes
• Casing
• Liner
• Squeeze
• Plug
 Density of Mixtures
 Cementing Equipment

Cementing 3.1- 2
 Cementing cont’d

 Large-Hole Cementing
 Through Casing
 Through Drill Pipe
 Through Grout Pipe
 Cementing of Liner
 Cementing from Floater
 Multistage Cementing

Cementing 3.1- 3
 Cement is used in Drilling
Operations to...

 Support and protect the casing

 Prevent the movement of fluid through the
annular space outside the casing
 Stop the movement of fluid into vugular or
fractured formations
 Close an abandoned well or a portion of a
well
 Sidetracking
Cementing 3.1- 4
 Types of Cementing Processes

I. Primary Cementing

1. Full String
2. Liners
3. Large Pipe
4. Stage
A. Survey and perforate
B. Stage collars
Cementing 3.1- 5
 Primary Cementing

Steel
Casing

Borehole

Cement

Steel Liner

Full String Cementing Liner Cementing

Cementing 3.1- 6
 Types of Cementing Processes

II. Squeeze Cementing

1. Shoe
2. Casing (up-hole)
3. Open-hole (lost-circulation)

Cementing 3.1- 7
 NEW SLURRY

Cementing 3.1- 8
 Types of Cementing Processes

III. Plugging

1. Open-hole plug back

A. Fishing Operations
B. Abandonment
2. Casing

Cementing 3.1- 9
 Types of Cementing Processes

IV. Special Techniques

1. Land
2. Off-shore

Cementing 3.1- 10
Cementing 3.1- 11
 Wiper Plugs

Wiper plugs are equipped with rubber-cupped

fins which wipe mud from the walls of the
casing ahead of the cement and clean the
walls of casing behind the slurry.

Examples of wiper plugs are shown in the next

slide. The top plug also serves as a means of
determining when the cement is in place.
Cementing 3.1- 12
Cementing 3.1- 13
Cementing 3.1- 14
 Large-Hole
Cementing

Normal
Displacement
Method

• Down the inside of the Csg.

• Use two wiper plugs
• Takes a long time . . .
• Large surface area exposed
to the cmt.
Cementing 3.1- 15
 Large-Hole
Cementing

Inner
String
Cementing

• Down the inside of the DP

• Use top wiper plug
• Stab-in adapter
• Much shorter displ. time
Cementing 3.1- 16
 Large-Hole
Cementing
Outside
Cementing

1. Down the inside

2. Small-dia. pipe outside
• Cmt and gradually
remove the pipes Alternative:
Pipes attached
Cementing
(for large pipes) 3.1- 17
 Drilling Liners

Liners are commonly used to seal the openhole

below a long intermediate casing string to:
1. Case off the open hole to enable deeper
drilling.
2. Control water or gas production
3. Hold back unconsolidated or sloughing
formations.
4. Case off zones of lost circulation and/or
zones of high pressure encountered
during drilling operations.
Cementing 3.1- 18
 Drill
Pipe

Liner

Cementing 3.1- 19
Cementing 3.1- 20
 Displ.
Mud

dart

cmt

ball

mud

Cementing 3.1- 21
 Multi-Stage
Cementing

• Pump first stage

• Displace cmt.
• Open stage tool
• Pump second stage

• Displace cmt
• Last plug closes tool

Cementing 3.1- 22
 Opening
Bomb Closing
Plug
Stage
Collar

Cementing
Basket

Cementing 3.1- 23
 Cmt

Mud

Cmt

Cementing 3.1- 24
Cementing
Tieback liner showing sealing nipple 3.1- 25
 Liner and sealing nipple

1. Reinforcing the intermediate casing

worn by drilling.
2. Providing greater resistance to
collapse stress from abnormal
pressures.
3. Providing corrosion protection.
4. Sealing an existing liner which may
be leaking gas.
Cementing 3.1- 26