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PRESENTATION ON

Submitted by :-
KUMAR VIPUL
BARCH/15021/14
B.ARCH 8TH SEM
“ The name Varanasi, according to the Vamon Purana, is located in between two rivers, the Varuna in the
north and the Assi in the South on the bank of Ganga and from the combination of the names of the two
streams Varanasi was derived.”

- Such statements are also seen in "Kashi Mahatmya“


in padma purana.
- The oldest name of Varanasi was Kashi deriving from
its inhabitants known as Kashis which were the first
Aryan settlers about 5000 years ago.
- The name Kashi is derived from the King Kasa,
the seventh King of Manu dynesty and is a reputed seat
of Aryan Philosophy and religion.
ORIGIN OF THE CITY :
During flood, when everything else is submerged in flood waters, the natural levee with a relative relief of 5-7
meters above the lowest level in the flood basin, the surface on which varanasi was developed.

SETTLEMENT :
Due to the dried bed of the Saraswati Permanent settlement and agricultural GUPTA PERIOD
river aryan marched towards the east led to trade and other occupation. (4th – 6th century
along the ganga and yamuna plains B.C.)
from 1500-800B.C.

Aryan expansion from harappa and mohen jo Settlement of aryans near ganga known
as Rajghat
PRATIHARAS AND GAHADAVALAS CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF
(8th – 10th century B.C.) SETTLEMENT

The gahadavalas provided strong Varanasi established as celestial-archetypal cities where the
Hindu leadership. material environment expresses the parallelism between
The rajghat plateau had once served macro-, meso- and microcosmos, regrouping them to form a
as the centre of the royal capital . sacred spatial system.

It contains five sacred temtories, symbolizing whole- ness:


five is Shiva's number. Shiva, one among the trinity of Hindu
pantheon is the controller of time and the destroyer of the
universe; he is Varanasi's patron deity.
MUGHAL PERIOD : ESTABLISHMENT OF
BRITISH PERIOD
(18TH – 19TH century B.C.) RAMNAGAR :

Expansion of trade and Alliance of gosains and rajputs In 1794, Banaras came under
territory. built the fort at ramnagar. british administration.
Urban areas of banaras
continued to expand.
Houses were demolished to
widen roads.

Destruction of ramnagar.
SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRADITIONAL CORE :

The city topography consists of 3 mounds resembling LORD SHIVA’S TRISHUL.


DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROAD NETWORK:
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY AND CONNECTIVITY:

Varansi is well connected to


1. Jaunpur 5. mirzapur
2. Azamgarh 6.Allahabad
3. Ghajipur 7. Badohi
4. Kolkata
◉ The city enjoys a commanding position on
the crescent shaped left bank of the holy
river Ganga, lying between 25° 0 to 25° 16 N
and 85° 5 to 83° 1 E
◉ Situated along the holy bank of the Uttar
Vahini, the river Ganga flows northerly
instead of the usual south easterly flow has
made the city so stable and enviable that it is
amongst the few cities of the world which
shows little shifting in its site (Singh, 1955).
PHYSIOGRAPHY TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE:

- Numerous tanks and nalas characterized the ancient


topography and the drainage system of the city.
- The highest ground is near the confluence of Varuna and
Ganga rivers, known as the Rajghat Plateau, lying 83.82m
above the mean sea level, and about 15m above the lowest
level of the river Ganga.
- The tanks of Dhaneshra, Ishwargangi and Machchodari
used to drain into the Varuna river through the Mandakini
nala and Bulanala.
- The tanks of Rewadi (RewadiTalab), BeniaBag,
Surajkund, Pitarkunda, Pichasmochan, and Khojwan
used to drain in the river Ganga, through its two
tributaries, the Saryu and the Godavari. Most of these
are still in the shape of ponds but do not drain out
anywhere.
Temperature RELATIVE HUMIDITY RAINFALL
1. Yearly mean Navi Mumbai being coastal region,
experiences heavy rainfall from the south
maximum west monsoons.

temperature – The monsoon usually begins from the first


week of June.
187.69°c Rainfall continues till the end of September
with a break of few days in the middle.
2. Yearly mean
minimum
temperature - Humidity is maximum in
62.22°c the month of january and
july and minimum in
march.
DEMOGRAPHY
- quantitative analysis of population.

Distribution of population Density of population Sex Ratio


OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE

The composition of working


force of population is of major
importance for several
economic and social
characteristics of population.

- In the year 1961, out of the total


population of 110671 persons
47827 persons were grouped
under the category of workers.

- Where as in 2001 census


out of the total population of
1051085 persons, 391396
persons were workers.
LAND UTILIZATION
Polycentric Approach for
INITIAL LAND USE PATTERN
development
- The polycentric approach based on
principle of decentralization.
- It avoids concentration of population, and
activities in a particular area rather it works
like ‘bunch of grapes’ and focused on
decentralization and balance distribution of
residential areas, job centers, wholesale
markets, non polluting industries and
population density and other activities in
different nodes / areas of the city.
- The planners of Navi Mumbai divide the
city into 14 nodes which are as follows.
1. Airoli 2. Ghansoli
3. Kopar – kharane 4. Vashi
5. Sanpada 6. Nerul
7. Belapur 8. Kharghar
9. Komathe 10. New panvel
11. Dronagiri 12. Ulwe
13. Pushpak 14. Kalamboli
Airoli development plan Ghansoli development plan

Vashi development plan Kharghar development plan


Belapur development plan Daronagri development plan

Nerul development plan Ulwe development plan


DEVELOPMENT PLAN INDUSTRIES
OF NAVI MUMBAI

TYPES OF INDUSTRIES
- CIDCO explored a Transit Oriented Development and Transit oriented land use pattern to develop transport infrastructure of Navi
Mumbai.
- Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a mixed use residential or commercial area designed to maximize access to public transport, and
often incorporates features to encourage transit utility.
1. ROADS : Total road network in Navi Mumbai is around 650
Km long. This road network connects all nodes of Navi Mumbai
and as well as neighboring towns. CIDCO built 8 large and 16
medium level bridges in the Navi Mumbai which are as follows :
2. RAILWAYS : Suburban railway network of navi mumbai is life
Line of navi mumbai. The entire railway network in city is
Admeasuring 20kms.
Following are the different corrridors of railway network:
1. Mankhurd – Belapur – Panvel Line
2. Thane – Turbhe – Nerul/Vashi Line, and Kalwa Turbhe Goods
3. WATER TRANSPORT : Navi Mumbai has major port of India i.e JNPT, today JNPT with 3 operational terminals India’s
No. 1 port in handling container traffic.
4. AIR TRANSPORT : In 2008 Government of Maharashtra gives its approval for development of Airport on PPP
(Public – Private partnership) basis and appointed CIDCO as nodal agency for its implementation. The project is yet to
start.
- PARKING FACILITIES :
1. TRUCK TERMINALS : Kalamboli has become a transport hub due to its unique location and proximity with
JNPT. Keeping this in mind CIDCO had built truck terminal at Vashi APMC and Kalamboli which absorb this floating
population of the vehicles by providing them ample parking place and other facilities and prevent them to enter in other
part of city.
2. PAY AND PARK FACILITIES : CIDCO planned parking facilities at every railway station, market place and other
commercial places in the city.
3. PARKING FACILITIES IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS : CIDCO also issue The General Development Control
Regulation (GDCR) for the private builders. This GDCR make it compulsory for the builders to leave some space open to
be used as parking facility.
COMMERCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE :
- The employment base of Navi Mumbai was planned
to encompass manufacturing, trade and commerce
(wholesale and warehousing), as well as service sector jobs.
- A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a special duty
-free enclave designed to promote foreign investments in a comprehensive range of economic
activities from manufacturing at one end to trading and
financial services on the other all operating in an unrestrained business environment.
- NMSEZ (Navi Mumbai Special Economic Zone) is located in the heart of Navi
Mumbai and comprises four zones, namely Dronagiri, Kalamboli, ulwe and jnpt area. The NMSEZ is
aimed to provide for world-class infrastructure, utilities, service for business, living, learning,
recreation and healthcare.
- Provision of schools and colleges was
priority in the planning of Navi Mumbai.
- The nodes (townships) were designed to
provide one primary school per 5,000
populations, one high school for 12,500
populations and one college for 50,000
population.
- Each of the nodes is
- self-sufficient in terms of providing
quality education.
THANK YOU
Submitted by :-
DIVYA DARSHI
BARCH/15043/14
B.ARCH 8TH SEM

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