Writing

Research
Introduction
Research in Daily Life 1
Ms. Sharleen Faye Salonga
 WHAT IS AN
INTRODUCTION?
•Provides background
and motivation for
your topic and
describes the focus
and purpose of the
research
Why is it IMPORTANT?
•It gives the readers
the general overview
about the nature of
the research,
significance, the
limitations and how
the research will be
conducted.
 FORMAT IN WRITING
INTRODUCTION
A.Background of the Study
B.Statement of the Problem
C.Significance of the Study
D.Scope and Limitations
E.Definition of Terms
 BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
•This gives your can be based around
paper a context a historical narrative,
and allows chronologically
readers to see outlining the very
how it fits in with first research in the
previous research field to the current
in the field. day.
 BACKGROUND OF
THE STUDY
In your background of the study, you
should include a detailed literature review
in which you explain what previous
studies state about the topic, discuss
recent developments on the topic and
identify the gap in literature that has led to
your study.
• Example 1
• Teenagers in many American cities have been involved in
more gangs in the last five years than ever before. These
gangs of teens have been committing a lot of violent
crimes. The victims of these crimes are both gang
members and people outside of gangs. Many people do
not want to travel to areas in our cities because of the
danger from this problem. For this terrible situation to
stop, it is going to take a combined effort on the part
of many people. Excellent, supervised after-school
programs, more jobs available for teens, and healthy
family relationships will go a long way towards ending
this crisis in our society.
Example 2
During the Middle Ages in Europe and the Middle East
there was much armed conflict between Christians and
Muslims. Christians called these conflicts the Crusades
because they were fighting under the sign of the cross to
save the holy lands of the Bible from being desecrated
by non-Christians. However, the true reason for
fighting for these lands was less than holy. It was
mainly a desire for economic gain that prompted the
Christian leaders to send soldiers to fight in the
Holy Land.
 Statement of the
Problem
In this section, the
researchers will
identify on how you are
going to fill the gap,
laying out your
objectives and how you
are going to conduct
the research.
 Statement of the
Problem
clear concise
description of the
issue(s) that need(s)
to be addressed by
a problem solving
team.
 HOW TO WRITE…
•Should address a gap in knowledge.
•Clearly identify the purpose of your
research.
•Include the specific research
questions
•Vision - what does the world look
like if we solve the problem?
•Issue Statement - one or two
sentences that describe the
problem using specific issues.
•Method - the process that will get
followed to solve the problem. For
example, DMAIC or Kaizen.
Problem Statement: (Example)
• We want all of our software releases to go to production
seamlessly, without defects, where everyone is aware
and informed of the outcomes and status. (Vision)
• Today we have too many release failures that result in
too many rollback failures. If we ignore this problem;
resources will need to increase to handle the cascading
problems, and we may miss critical customer deadlines
which could result in lost revenue, SLA penalties, lost
business, and further damage to our quality reputation.
(Issue Statement)
• We will use our Kaizen Blitz methodology in evaluating
the last release to help us improve our processes.
(Method)
 Statement of the
Problem
• Part A (The ideal): Describes a desired goal or ideal
situation; explains how things should be.
• Part B (The reality): Describes a condition that prevents
the goal, state, or value in Part A from being achieved or
realized at this time; explains how the current situation
falls short of the goal or ideal.
• Part C (The consequences): Identifies the way you
propose to improve the current situation and move it
closer to the goal or ideal.
•Part A: According to the XY university
mission statement, the university seeks to
provide students with a safe, healthy
learning environment. Dormitories are one
important aspect of that learning
environment, since 55% of XY students live
in campus dorms and most of these
students spend a significant amount of time
working in their dorm rooms. (VISION/GOAL)

However,
Part B: Students living in dorms A B C, and D
currently do not have air conditioning units,
and during the hot seasons, it is common for
room temperatures to exceed 80 degrees F.
Many students report that they are unable to
do homework in their dorm rooms. Others
report having problems sleeping because of
the humidity and temperature. The rooms are
not only unhealthy, but they inhibit student
productivity and academic achievement.
(Reality/Current status that prevent the goals)
Part C: In response to this problem, our study
proposes to investigate several options for making
the dorms more hospitable. We plan to carry out an
all-inclusive participatory investigation into options
for purchasing air conditioners (university-funded;
student-subsidized) and different types of air
conditioning systems. We will also consider less
expensive ways to mitigate some or all of the
problems noted above (such as creating climate-
controlled dorm lounges and equipping them with
better study areas and computing space).
(propose solution on how to improve the current
situation)
 FOUR-STEP GUIDE
• Step 1 (Statement 1): Describe a goal or desired
state of a given situation, phenomenon etc. This
will build the ideal situation (what should be, what
is expected or desired)
• Step 2 (Statement 2): Describe a condition that
prevents the goal, state, or value discussed in
Step 1 from being achieved or realized at the
present time. This will build the reality or the
situation as it is and establish a gap between what
ought to be and what is.
 FOUR-STEP GUIDE
• Step 3: Connect steps 1 and 2 using a
connecting term such as "but," "however,"
“unfortunately,” or “in spite of.”
• Step 4 (Statement 3): Using specific details,
show how the situation in step 2 contains
little promise of improvement unless
something is done. Then emphasize the
benefits of research by projecting the
consequences of possible solutions.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
As a researcher, you
are trying to explain
why you chose this
area of research,
attempting to highlight
why it is necessary or
important.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
It provides details to the
reader on how the study will
contribute such as what the
study will contribute and who
will benefit from it. It also
includes an explanation of the
work’s importance as well as
its potential benefits. It is
sometimes called rationale.
Tips in Writing the Significance of the Study

• Statement of the problem will guide you to write a

significance of the study. Based on your statement
of the problem you will see the potential benefits of
your study. Just answer this question, “What are
the benefits or advantages of the study based on
statement of the problem?”

• Determine the specific contribution of your thesis

study to the society as well as to the individual
Significance of the Study
The study of dehydration technology and fabrication
can be a learning paradigm in the secondary level and
vocational schools to enhance the students’
knowledge and entrepreneurial skills as well. The
project’s goal is designed to help students improve
academic competence, develop employability skills,
implement a career plan and participate in a career
pathway in preparation for post secondary education
or careers in the food manufacturing or services sector
after graduating from high school.
Useful phrases:
• Provide an understanding of the…
• Support the …
• Demonstrate the usefulness/effectiveness
• Provide information on the
issues/perceptions of students regarding…
The research study could provide information on the issues of Voice-
over-Internet Protocol technology particularly on the integrity,
vulnerability and security of VoIP calls. Further, this study would
also be a review on the VoIP Technology present and service
providers based in the United States, particularly in local area. This
study would be beneficial to the Commission on Telecommunication
in the city as this study enhance the knowledge of the telephony
providers and users about the possible issues on VoIP Technology.
Furthermore, this study would be beneficial to the telephony
providers and the users as this study would provide the necessary
information on the different threats and attacks in VoIP technology.
This would expectedly heighten the awareness of the providers and
the users to equip a counterattack to possible threats. To the future
researchers, this study can provide baseline information on the
recent status of VoIP technology.
 SCOPE AND
DELIMITATIONS
• Delimitations aim to narrow
the scope of a study. For
example, the scope may
focus on specific variables,
specific participants,
specific sites, or narrowed to
one type of research design
(e.g., ethnography or
experimental research).
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
• To whom your research is directed to or
intended for
• What is the subject matter of your study?
• Where the study will take place?
• Indicate the delimitations of your study
• Is it beneficial to all? Or just a group of
people?
 EXAMPLE

Initially, this study will confine itself to

interviewing and observing the
psychiatric staff nurse in a Midwest
private psychiatric hospital.
Scope and limitation of the study
This study will focus on developing a web-based help desk system
using a problem tracking technique for Postgraduate UUM-CAS
department at UUM. This system will let users (staff, students or
lecturers) to freely interact with the technical support employees
who have the ability to answer all problems related to the
postgraduate services provided by the UUM-CAS. In addition,
UUM-CAS postgraduate students can navigate FAQ section which
contains a groups of frequently asked questions that are related to
UUM-CAS Postgraduate department at UUM and they can find
their problem or inquiry there. Moreover, the proposed system will
help the students, lecturers, and staff at UUM-CAS postgraduate
department to see the latest UUM-CAS postgraduate news and
articles added by the technical support employees. The prototype
to be developed is based on problem tracking technique.
Sample Scope and Delimitations
The main focus of this project was the design of an efficient
Energy Recovery System of Seawater Reverse Osmosis
Plant. The system will be using pressure technology by
application of pressure exchanger as an energy recovery
device. Pressure exchanger transfer pressure from a high
pressure stream to slow pressure stream in a ceramic
motor. The proposed system is limited only in reducing high
power consumption of the high pressure pump. The project
can be used in all existing Seawater Reverse Osmosis Plant
in the Philippines. Some calculations, assumptions, and
selections were made as a consideration of a proper and
realistic design.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
It is important to include definition of terms in your
thesis or dissertation in order to understand the
key terms being used in the study. These terms
should be clearly defined according how they are
used in the study in order to make easy
understanding of the problem and avoid
ambiguous meaning to terms which can be
otherwise interpreted in different ways.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

•Terms defined should be

arranged in alphabetical order
and acronyms should always spell
out fully most specially if it is used
for the first time and not
commonly known.
 THANK YOU!

GOOD LUCK! 😂😁
 REFERENCES

• http://www.ceptara.com/blog/how-to-write-problem-statement
• https://www.editage.com/insights/the-basics-of-writing-a-statement-of-the-
problem-for-your-research-proposal
• http://thesisnotes.com/thesis-writing/writing-thesis-significance-of-the-
study/
• https://simplyeducate.me/2015/02/09/two-tips-on-how-to-write-the-
significance-of-the-study/
• https://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/researchcourse/develop_significance.html
• https://brainly.ph/question/93899
• https://www.ukessays.com/essays/information-technology/the-scope-and-
limitation-of-the-study-information-technology-essay.php
• http://www.researchpaperadvisor.com/lets-get-started/state-the-study-
delimitations-and-limitations/