2.

4 Using Linear Models

1. Modeling Real-World Data

2. Predicting with Linear Models
1) Modeling Real-World Data
Big idea…
Use linear equations to create graphs of
real-world situations. Then use these
graphs to make predictions about past and
future trends.
1) Modeling Real-World Data
Example 1:
There were 174 words typed in 3
minutes. There were 348 words typed
in 6 minutes. How many words were
typed in 5 minutes?
 1) Modeling Real-World Data
x = independent
y = dependent
400 (x, y) = (time, words typed )

300 (x1, y1) = (3, 174)

200 (x2, y2) = (6, 348)

100
(x3, y3) = (5, ?)

Solution:
1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (minutes)
1) Modeling Real-World Data
Example 2:
Suppose an airplane descends at a rate of
300 ft/min from an elevation of 8000ft.
Draw a graph and write an equation to
model the plane’s elevation as a function
of the time it has been descending.
Interpret the vertical intercept.
 1) Modeling Real-World Data
(x, y) = (time, height)
(x1, y1) = (0, 8000)
8000

6000
(x2, y2) = (10, ?)
4000

2000
(x3, y3) = (20, ?)

10 20 30

Time (minutes)
 1) Modeling Real-World Data
Equation:

8000 Remember… y = mx + b
6000

4000

2000

10 20 30

Time (minutes)
2) Predicting with Linear Models
• You can extrapolate with linear models to
make predictions based on trends.
2) Predicting with Linear Models
Example 1:
After 5 months the number of subscribers
to a newspaper was 5730. After 7 months
the number of subscribers was 6022.
Write an equation for the function. How
many subscribers will there be after 10
months?
 2) Predicting with Linear Models
(x, y) = (months, subscribers)
(x1, y1) = (5, 5730)
8000
(x2, y2) = (7, 6022)
6000
(x3, y3) = (10, ?)
4000

2000
Equation: y = mx + b
2 4 6 8 10
Time
(months)
 2) Predicting with Linear Models
(x, y) = (months, subscribers)
(x1, y1) = (5, 5730)
8000
(x2, y2) = (7, 6022)
6000
(x3, y3) = (10, ?)
4000

2000
Equation: y = mx + b
2 4 6 8 10
Time
(months)
 2) Predicting with Linear Models
(x, y) = (months, subscribers)
(x1, y1) = (5, 5730)
8000
(x2, y2) = (7, 6022)
6000
(x3, y3) = (10, ?)
4000

2000
Equation: y = mx + b
2 4 6 8 10
Time
(months)
 2) Predicting with Linear Models
(x, y) = (months, subscribers)
(x1, y1) = (5, 5730)
8000

rise = 1000 (x2, y2) = (7, 6022)

6000
run = 4 (x3, y3) = (10, 7000)
4000
y-intercept

2000
Equation: y = mx + b
2 4 6 8 10
Time
(months)
 Scatter Plots
• Connect the dots with a trend line to see
if there is a trend in the data
 Types of Scatter Plots

Strong, positive correlation Weak, positive correlation

 Types of Scatter Plots

Strong, negative correlation Weak, negative correlation

Types of Scatter Plots

No correlation
 Scatter Plots
Example 1:
The data table below shows the relationship between hours
spent studying and student grade.
a) Draw a scatter plot. Decide whether a linear model is
reasonable.
b) Draw a trend line. Write the equation for the line.

Hours 3 1 5 4 1 6
studying
Grade 65 35 90 74 45 87
(%)
 Scatter Plots
(x, y) = (hours studying, grade)
(3, 65)
100
(1, 35)
90
(5, 90)
80
70 (4, 74)
60 (1, 45)
50 (6, 87)
40
30
Equation: y = mx + b
1 2 3 4 5 6
Hours studying
 Scatter Plots
(x, y) = (hours studying, grade)
(3, 65)
100
(1, 35)
90
(5, 90)
80
70 (4, 74)
60 (1, 45)
50 (6, 87)
40
30
a) Based on the graph, is a linear
1 2 3 4 5 6 model reasonable?
Hours studying
 Scatter Plots
(x, y) = (hours studying, grade)
(3, 65)
100
(1, 35)
90
(5, 90)
80
70 (4, 74)
60 (1, 45)
Rise = 20
50 (6, 87)
40
Run = 2
30
b) Equation: y = mx + b
1 2 3 4 5 6
Hours studying
 Assignment
p.81 #1-3, 8, 11, 12, 13, 19,