ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING

AN INSPECTION PROCEDURE

FATEHDEEP SINGH
CM14214
BE+MBA 4TH YEAR
DEFINITION

 a form of inspection applied to

lots or batches of items before
or after a process to judge
conformance to predetermined
standards.
PROCEDURE
 Acceptable Quality level (AQL)

 Quality level desired by Consumer

 Example – Not to exceed 1 defective item in 100 .

Hence AQL = 1/100 = 0.01

 So if the defective items in the lot of
100 is less than 1, then

TYPE 1 ERROR – PRODUCER’S RISK (α) – Failure to comply to acceptable

Quality standards. Usually set at 5%.
Lot Tolerance Proportion Defective
(LTPD)

 Worst Level of Quality a consumer can tolerate.

 A Consumer can tolerate some bad quality because
sometimes, cost of removing those defects is very high.

 TYPE 2 ERROR – Consumer’s Risk (β) is the probability of

accepting the lot with LTPD quality.
 Usually set at 10%
Sampling Plans

 1) SINGLE SAMPLING PLAN

 A representative sample of n items is drawn
from a lot size of (n) items, and examined if
good or defective.
 If the number of defective exceeds a
specified acceptance number (c) the
whole lot is rejected; otherwise the whole
lot is accepted.
 The defects are then subject to repair and
the lot is subjected to whole inspection.
 2) DOUBLE SAMPLING PLAN
 Two sample sizes n1 & n2 and two acceptance numbers c1
and c2 are selected

Defects < c1

Total Defects < c2

c1 < Defects < c2

SAMPLE 1
SAMPLE 2

Total Defects > c2

Defects > c2
Sampling Plans

 3) Sequential Sampling Plan

 Refinement of Double Sampling Plan.
 With every sample, decision based on cumulative results is made to
 A) Accept the lot
 B) Reject the lot
 C) Continue sampling
3) Sequential Sampling

 Cumulative Defectives < c1 – Lot is

accepted
 Cumulative Defectives > c2 – Lot is
rejected
 But if c1 < Defectives < c2
 Then another item is inspected.
Hence it is continued until the graph
reached the region of Acceptance
or Rejection.
 ANI is lower and hence Inspection
costs are lower in Sequential
sampling.
THANK YOU
FATEHDEEP SINGH