Muhammad Waqas Khan

Class no: 02
Semester: 6th
BS Economics
University of Swat
Shanghai Cooperation
Organization
Introduction
• It is an intergovernmental organization.
• It has six member states.
• They occupy three-fifth of the Eurasian
continent.
• They cover an area of 30 million km2 and
have a population of 1.5 billion.
Introduction
• Its working languages are Chinese and Russian.
• Existing permanent members are:
i) China,
ii) Russia,
iii) Kazakhstan,
iv) Kyrgyzstan,
v) Tajikistan,
vi) Uzbekistan.
Introduction
• It has two acceding members:
i) Pakistan,
ii) India.
• The four observer nations are:
i) Mongolia,
ii) Iran,
iii) Belarus,
iv) Afghanistan.
Introduction
• The dialogue partners are:
i) Nepal,
ii) Turkey,
iii) Armenia,
iv) Azerbaijan,
v) Cambodia,
vi) Sri Lanka.
History
• It was originally organized as Shanghai Five on
April 26, 1996.
• Uzbekistan was not a member then.
• It got membership on June 15, 2001.
• The organization was then declared as Shanghai
Cooperation Organization.
Objectives of Shanghai Five

• Initially, it was meant to strengthen confidence

building and disarmament in the border regions.
• Later, it included beneficial cooperation in the
political, security, diplomatic, economic, trade
and other areas.
Objectives of SCO
• In addition to its predecessor`s objectives, it
targets
i) Safeguarding regional peace, security and
stability.
ii) Creating a democratic, equitable
international political and economic order.
Summits
• Summit of the Council of Heads of States is
held annually at alternating venues.
• The locations of these summits follow the
alphabetical order of the member state's name
in Russian.
• The Council of Heads of Government meet
annually in a place decided upon by the council
members
• The Council of Foreign Ministers is supposed
to hold a summit one month before the annual
summit of Heads of State.
Major Summits
1. Summit 2001
. Occurred in Shanghai on June 14, 2001.
. Accepted Uzbekistan as sixth member.
. SCO was formed on the basis of Shanghai
Five mechanism.
Major Summits
2. Summit 2002
. Took place in St. Petersburg on
June 7, 2002.
. SCO charter was signed.
. Purposes and principles, organizational
structure, form of operation, orientation and
external relations were agreed upon.
Major Summits
3. Summit 2004
. Tabled in Tashkent on June 17, 2004.
. Became successful in developing economic
relationships among members.
. Mongolia became the first observer state.
. Tashkent declaration was signed.
Major Summits
4. Summit 2009
. Was scheduled in Yekaterinburg on June
15-16, 2009.
. Sri Lanka and Belarus became dialogue
partners.
Major Summits
5. Summit 2012
. Occurred in Beijing on June 6-7, 2012.
. Turkey became dialogue partner.
. Afghanistan was granted observer status.
. Erodgan discussed the possibility of
abandoning Turkey`s EU candidacy in
return for full membership to SCO.
Major Summits
6. Summits 2015 and 2016
. Pakistan and India membership was
approved in July 2015.
. Both applied for it in 2006 and 2014
respectively.
. They are expected to formally accede
to the organization by 2017.
Major Summits
6. Summits 2015 and 2016 ( contd.)
. Cambodia became dialogue partner in 2015.
. Nepal and Azerbaijan did so in 2016.
. Belarus had received observer status in 2015.
References
• Albert, Eleanor. Council for Foreign Relations. N.p., 14 Oct. 2015. Web. 31 July 2016.
<http://www.cfr.org/china/shanghai-cooperation-organization/p10883>.
• "Shanghai Cooperation Organization." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. N.p., 30
July 2016. Web. 31 July 2016.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation>.
• Panda, Ankita. "Nepal Becomes Shanghai Cooperation Organization Dialogue
Partner." The Diplomat. N.p., 24 Mar. 2016. Web. 31 July 2016.
<http://thediplomat.com/2016/03/nepal-becomes-shanghai-cooperation-
organization-dialogue-partner/>.
• "Cambodia Becomes Dialogue Partner in SCO." RBTH. N.p., 24 Sept. 2015. Web. 31
July 2016. <https://in.rbth.com/news/2015/09/24/cambodia-becomes-dialogue-
partner-in-sco_427465>.
• "Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)." ASIA REGIONAL INTEGRATION CENTER.
N.p., n.d. Web. 31 July 2016. <https://aric.adb.org/initiative/shanghai-cooperation-
organization>.