DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF AQUA

SILENCER FOR IC ENGINE

Guided by Presented by
ANISHMON TS ARJUN C
Assistant professor Mechanical Engineering
Dept. of ME Reg no:IDK15ME013
CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Parts of aqua silencer
 Line diagram
 Working layout
 Working principle
 Effects
 Lime water wash method
 Absorption process
 Observation table and graphical representation
 Advantages / Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 Future enhancement
 Reference
 INTRODUCTION
 Now a days air pollution is major problem.
 The main pollutants contribute by
automobile are (CO), UBHC, Nox and led
etc.
 So its imperative that’s series attempts
should be made to conserve earth’s
environment from degradation.
 An aqua silencer is an attempt in this
direction, it is mainly deal with control of
toxic gas emission and noise.
PARTS OF AQUA SILENCER
Perforated tube
U-Bend/Non-return valve
Outer shell
Flange
Charcoal layer
PERFORATED TUBE

 It consists number of holes of various diameters .

 It is used to convert high mass bubbles to low mass bubbles.
 Stainless steel
 U-BEND/NON-RETURN VALVE

 Used to avoid back flow of exhaust gas .

 OUTER SHELL

 Made up of steel or iron.

The whole set up is kept inside
 FLANGE

 It is used to connect the silencer to the engine.

CHARCOAL LAYER

These layer having high absorption capacity.

 This type of charcoal is called activated charcoal.
LINE DIAGRAM
CAD MODEL
WORKING LAYOUT
WORKING PRINCIPLE
 As the exhaust gases enter into the aqua silencer, the
perforated tube converts high mass bubbles in to low
mass bubbles after that they passes through charcoal
layer which again purify the gases.
 It is highly porous and posses extra free valences so it
has high absorption capacity
 After passing over the charcoal layer some of the gases
may dissolve in to the water and finally exhaust gas
escape through the opening in to the atmosphere .
EFFECTS OF DISSOLVED GASES
ON WATER
The water is a good absorbing medium. In
aqua silencer the gases are made to be
dissolved in water. When these gases
dissolved in water they form acids,
carbonates, bicarbonates etc.,
Action of dissolved Sox
Action of dissolved Co2
Effect of dissolved NOx
METHOD TO CONTROL WATER
POLUTION
Two types of methods

Limewater wash method

Absorption process
LIME WATER WASH METHOD
 The water is treated with the calculated
quantities of slaked lime. After mixing the
heavy precipitates settle down as sludge at
the bottom of the tank are removed from
time to time.
 Lime can neutralize any acid present in the
water. SO2 , gases are removed from the flue
gases forming calcium sulphate.
 The precipitates dissolved carbon dioxide as
calcium carbonate and converts bicarbonate
ions into carbonates.
Limitation of lime water wash
method
 Amount of neutralization capacity is
limited
 It is very difficult to handle
 It is expensive
 Regeneration is possible
 Lime is in any form, it is difficult to handle
Absorption process
Activated charcoal is available in granular
or powdered form. As it is highly porous
and possess free valences. So it posses
high absorption capacity.
Advantages of absorption process

 The excessive dose of activated carbon is

not harmful.
 The treatment process is very simple and
it requires nearly no skill.
 The efficiency of removing color, odor
and taste is quite hig
 Observation table for standard
silencer
OBS Engine T1(kg) T2(kg) CO(%) UBHC CO2(%) Sound
NO speed(r (ppm) level
pm)
1 2300 No load No load 0.09 500 1.74 80

2 4100 2 6 0.701 310 2.54 82

3 5600 3 9 0.956 280 6.47 85

4 6200 4 12 1.132 220 7.68 87

 Observation table for aqua silencer
OBS. Engine T1 T2 CO UBHC CO2 Sound
NO. speed (kg) (kg) (%) (ppm) (%) level
(rpm)
1 2300 No load No load 0.060 103 0.72 70

2 4100 3 8 0.689 104 2.08 73

3 5600 3 12 0.810 91 1.87 75

4 7000 3 12 0.884 76 2.77 76

 Graphical representation
CO vs. RPM

It is clearly seen that there is about 20-30% cut off in

CO emissions by using aqua silencer.
It means the charcoal layer efficiently adsorb the carbon
monoxide so that less emissions are sent out to the
environment.
 UBHC vs. RPM

It is clearly seen that the unburnt hydrocarbon

emission decreased in huge amount. Around 70-
80% of unburnt hydrocarbons get adsorbed in
aqua silencer.
CO2 vs. RPM

The amount of 2 CO adsorbed by charcoal layer is

around 40-50% which is plays crucial role in
environment. So it can be stated that aqua silencer
effectively reduces 2 CO coming out of the engine
exhaust which causes greenhouse effect.
Around 10-15 dB sound is damped
Advantages
 Detoxification.
 Maximum sound reduction capacity.
 CO is reduced 60 to 70%
 High toxic gas reducing capacity
 Lime water highly chemically reacts with the exhaust
gases from the engine.
 It releases much less polluted gases to the environment
Disadvantages
 It
is very difficult to handle
 More requirement of space
 Weight of silencer get increases
 Once in year there is requirement of filling of lime
water
Conclusion
 The aqua silencer is more effective in the reduction of
emission gases from the engine exhaust using
perforated tube and charcoal.
 By using perforated tube the backpressure will remain
constant and the sound level is reduced.
 By using perforated tube the fuel consumption remains
same as conventional system.
 By using water as a medium the sound can be lowered
and also by using activated charcoal in water we can
control the exhaust emission to a greater level.
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
 Technological breakthroughs like the
Aqua Silencer can be the answer to the
reduction of toxic emissions into the
environment from engines.
References
 Keval I. Patel, Mr. Swastik R, Gajjar “Design And Development
Of Aqua Silencer For Two Stroke Petrol Engine”IJIRST–
International Journal for Innovative Research in Science &
Technology| Vol. 1, Issue 1, June 2014| ISSN(online): 2349-
6010.
 International Journal of Science Technology and Manage ment,
Vol. No.5, Issue No.03, March 2016. “Aqua Silencer”
 International Journal of Recent Innovation in Engineering and
Research (2017).”Design And Fabrication Of Aqua Silencer
For I.C Engines”..
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
(IRJET).Volume :04 Issue :02 |Feb-2017.”Design And Analysis
of Aqua Silencer”
THANK YOU