What is

flash flood?
A flash flood is a sudden
local flood characterized
by a great volume of water
and a short duration. It
occurs within a minutes or
hours of heavy rainfall or
because of a sudden
release of water from the
breakup of an ice dam or
constructed dam.
Where do flashfloods occur most often?
 River floodplains and coastal areas are the most
susceptible to flooding, however,It is possible for
flooding to occur in areas with unusually long
periods of heavy rainfall.
 Flashflood can roll boulder, Tear out trees,
Destroy buildings and bridges, and scour out new
channels. Rapidly rising water can reach heights of
30 feet or more.
Coastal(Surge Flood)
Occurs in areas that lie on the coast
of a sea ocean, or other large body
of open water. It is typically the
result of extreme tidal condition
caused by severe weather.
Coastal Flooding categorized in Three levels.
 Minor: A slight amount of beach erosion will
occur but no major damage is expected.
 Moderate:A fair amount of beach erosion will
occur as well as damage to some homes and
businesses.
 Major:Serious threat to life and property,Large
scale erosion will occur,numerous roads will be
flooded,and many structure will damaged.
Fluvial(River Flood)
 Fluvial or riverine flooding ,occurs when excessive.
rainfall over an extended period of time causes a river
to excceeds its capacity, It can also be caused by heavy
snow melt and ice jams.The damage from the river can
be widespread as the overflow affects smaller rivers
downstream,often causing dams and dike to break and
swamp nearby areas.
Two main types of riverine flooding.
 Overbank flooding: when water rises
overflows over the edges of a river or stream.
This is the most common and can occur in
any size channel-from small stream to huge
river.
 Flash Flooding:characterized by an intense
,high velocity torrent of water that occurs in
an existing river channel with little to no
notice.
Pluvial(Surface Flood)
 A pluvial ,or surface water flood,is caused
when heavy rainfall creates a flood event
independent of an overflowing water
body.One of the most common
misconceptions about flood risk is that one
must be located near a body of water to be at
risk.
Two main types of pluvial flooding.
 Intense rain saturates an urban drainage
system.The system becomes overwhelmed
and water flows out into streets and nearby
structure.
 Run-off or flowing water from raining on
hillside that are unable to absord
water.Hillsides with recent forest fire are
notorious source of pluvial floods,As are
suburdan communities on hillsides.
Flood Control
 Refers to all methods use to reduce or
prevent the detrimental affects of flood
water.Some of the common techniques used
for flood control are installation of rock
berms,rock,rip-raps,sandbags-maintaning
normal slopes with vegetarian or application
of soil cements on steeper slopes and
construction or expansion of drainage
channels.
Safety tips during a flood
 Do not walk, swim, or drive thorough flood waters.
Turn Around, Don’t Drown!
 Stay off bridges over fast-moving water.
 Determine how best to protect yourself based on
the type of flooding.
 Evacuate if told so.
 Move to higher Ground
 Stay where you are.