F I uSn i Iv eK A

rsitas
wihantoro

Fenomena Alam
Pengamatan & Pengukuran
(satuan & dimensi)
Gerak: KINEMATIKA
KULIAH FISIKA (universitas)

lec·ture
ˈlek(t)SHər/

noun
an educational talk to an audience, especially to students
in a university or college.
synonyms: teach, give instruction, give lessons

class noun a group of students who meet regularly to be

klas/ taught a subject or activity
phys·ics
ˈfiziks/
noun
a science that deals with
matter and energy and their
interactions

*Kajian fenomena alam berdasar pengamatan

dan pengukuran ke dalam bentuk deskripsi fisis
FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: benda masif: gerak
kualitas gerak
cepat / lambat
kuantitas gerak
kecepatan
perubahan kecepatan

lintasan gerak
koordinat Cartesian

deskripsi gerak
besaran fisis, persamaan/hukum
FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: benda masif: sifat gerak
FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: fluid: diam - bergerak

fluid: gas: teori kinetik gas: termodinamika

FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: benda masif: sifat termal
FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: gelombang: bunyi
FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: gelombang: cahaya
FENOMENA ALAM
obyek: kelistrikan: diam - bergerak
SEBARAN KURIKULUM SMA
PUSTAKA
RUJUKAN
 Pengamatan & Pengukuran BEKAL dalam memahami dan
(satuan & dimensi) “menangkap” fenomena fisika

PENGUKURAN ALAT UKUR: BESARAN FISIS PENGAMATAN METODE: PRAKT./RISET

Length,
Mass, Time
Konversi Satuan
• A quantity may be expressed in other units through the use of conversion factors.

• Any conversion factor is equal to 1, so multiplying or dividing by this factor does not
alter the quantity.

1 mile = 1609 m = 1.609 km 1 ft = 0.3048 m = 30.48 cm

1 m = 39.37 in. = 3.281 ft 1 in. = 0.0254 m = 2.54 cm
1 lb = 0.465 kg 1 oz = 28.35 g 1 slug = 14.59 kg

A jogger walks 3200 meters every day. What is this distance in miles?

1 mile = 1609 meters, therefore, you may multiply by

( 1 mi ) or (1609 m)
(1609 m) (1mi)

but, which one to choose? Unit analysis to the rescue…

(3200 m ) x ( 1 mi ) = 1.99 mi ≈ 2.0 mi.

1 (1609 m)
Example: A car travels with a speed of 25 m/s. What is the speed in mi/h (miles per
hour)?

Solution:
Here we need to convert meters to miles and second to hours. We can use
the conversion factor (1 mi / 1609 m), to convert meters to miles and (3600 s / 1 h)
to convert seconds to hours.

(25 m ) x ( 1 mi ) x (3600 s) = 56 mi
( 1s) (1609 m) (1h) h

We can also use the direct conversion (1 mi/h = 0.447 m/s).

(25 m ) x ( 1 mi /h ) = 56 mi
( 1s) (0.447 m/s) h
Dengan menganggap rapat massa (massa/volume) air tepat 1 gram
tiap centimeter-kubik;
a. tentukan dalam kilogram per-liter !
b. Jika untuk mengosongkan wadah berisi 1 liter air dibutuhkan
waktu 10 jam, tentukan laju aliran air tersebut dalam kilogram per-
sekon !.

Sebuah tandon air berat kosong 10 kg dan mem-punyai daya tampung

sebanyak 500 liter air, ditempatkan di atas menara air.
Jika rapat massa air adalah 1 g/cm3 dan gravitasi bumi 10 m/s2, maka
tentukan massa dan berat tandon jika diisi penuh !
Dimensions, Units and Equations
 Quantities have
dimensions:
 Length – [L],
 Mass – [M], and
 Time – [T]
 Quantities have units:
 Length – m,
 Mass – kg, and
 Time - s

To refer to the dimension of a quantity, use square brackets, e.g. [F] means
dimensions of force.
Quantity Area Volume Speed Acceleration
Dimension [A] = L2 [ V ] = L3 [v] = L/T [a] = L/T2
SI Units m2 m3 m/s m/s2
Dimensional Analysis can be used to

 check whether an equation is dimensionally correct, i.e., if an

equation has the same dimension or units on both sides.
 find out the dimension or units of derived quantities.
Example
Check whether the equation x = at2 is correct, where x is length, a is acceleration, and t
is time interval.

Solution variable description dimension unit

x length [L] m
a acceleration [L] / [T] 2 m/s2
t time [T] s

Dimensional analysis: left side of equation right side of equation

[L] = [L] x [T] 2 = [L]
[T] 2
The dimension of the left side is equal to the right, so the equation is
dimensionally correct.

Warning: dimensionally correct does not necessarily mean the equation is

correct.

Unit analysis: Units of the left side are m

Units of the right side are (m/s2)(s2) = m Check √
DESKRIPSI MATEMATIS GERAK KINEMATIKA
ASUMSI GERAK KINEMATIKA

(1) Benda (obyek) dianggap dapat

bergerak dengan sendirinya
(2) Gerak benda berlangsung pada
koordinat Cartesian (koord.-xy)
(3) Dimensi (ukuran) dan massa
benda diabaikan (benda
dianggap sebagai titik /partikel)
ILUSTRASI ASUMSI GERAK KINEMATIKA (2)
ILUSTRASI ASUMSI GERAK KINEMATIKA (3)
CONTOH PITHCER THRAW

Pelempar bola pada olahraga softball

(pitcher) mempercepat laju bola dengan
gerakan khasnya sejauh bentangan lemparan
sekitar 3,5 m. Bila bola melesat dari tangan
dengan kelajuan 44 m/s, hitung percepatan
yang dialami bola setelah terlempar oleh
pitcher.

SOLUSI, diketahui v 2  v o2  2 a x
x = 3,5 m
v 2  v o2
vo = 0 m/s a
(bola diam di tangan pitcher) 2 x
v = 44 m/s ( 44 m/s ) 2  0

Perhatikan, 2 (3,5 m)
tidak ada unsur waktu t yang terlibat,  280 m/s 2
 CONTOH JUMP START

Seekor belalang melompat lurus dan

menjangkau ketinggian maksimum 0,390 m.
Tentukan kecepatan awal vo-nya saat ia lepas
dari tanah? Ambil nilai percepatan jatuh
bebasnya 9,80 m/s2 dan abaikan gaya gesek
udara.

Gunakan persamaan
SOLUSI, diketahui v2 = vo2 + 2gy
Saat belalang mencapai vo2 = 0 + 2(9,8.
ketinggian maksimum 0,390 0,39)
m, kecepatannya adalah 0 diperoleh
m/s (berhenti sesaat). vo2 = 7,644 m2/s2
atau
vo  2,8 m/s