Unit-3

Lecture1
Instruction Set Architecture

• An instruction set architecture is also known as

instruction set.
• Part of computer architecture related to
programming.
• Includes data types, instructions, registers,
addressing modes, memory architecture,
interrupt and exception handling and external
I/O.
IAS Instruction set
IAS Instruction set (continued)
Assembly language
Programming(IAS Instructions)

• Write an Assembly language Program to

perform Z=X+Y where X and Y are the
operands stored in memory location 500 and
501 and the result Z is transferred to the
location 500.
 ACAC
=73 MQ
MEMORY
1. LOAD M( 500), ADD M (501)
2. STOR M(500), (Other Ins)
.....
500. 3
501. 4 LOAD 500
MBR
ADD M(X)
MBR
M(X)=500
43
501
(Other STOR
Ins) M(X)

PC 21
MAR 501
500
21
MBR LOAD
STOR
M(X)
M(500),
500,
43 ADD
(Other
M(X)
Ins) 501
IR LOAD
STOR
ADD M(X)M(X)
IBR ADD
(Other
M(X) Ins)
501
AC 37
Add 501
IBR
M(X) PC =PC12
PC←=
Mar
MAR ←PC
LOAD M(X) 500, 3
ADD M(X) 501
4
STOR M(X) 500, (Other Ins)
IR MAR
MARadd== 2
MAR 501
MAR==500
=500
1
501
add == 500
add
add =12
 IAS Computer AC MQ

MARPC
MBRM[MAR] Arithmetic & Logic Circuits
Input/output
IBRMBR<20..39> IBRMBR<20..39> Equipments
IRMBR<0..7> IRMBR<0..7>
MARMBR<8..19> MARMBR<8..19> MBR
MBRM[MAR] MBRAC
ACMBR M[MAR}MBR
IRIBR<0..7> IRIBR<0..7>
MARIBR<8..19> IBR PC
MBRM[MAR]
ACAC + MBR Main
PCPC+1 Memory
MARPC
IR
MBRM[MAR] MAR

Control
Circuits
Register transfer operation for
addition operation

1. LOAD M(X) 500, ADD M(X) 501

• Register transfer operations: (PC = 1)
• MAR ← PC
• MBR ← M[MAR]
• IBR ← MBR[20:39]
• IR ← MBR[0:7]
• MAR ← MBR[8:19]
• MBR ← M[MAR]
• AC ← MBR
• IR ← IBR[0:7]
• MAR ← IBR[8:19]
• MBR ← M[MAR]
• AC ← AC + MBR
Assembly language Program

Write an appropriate assembly language code for the

following operation and register transfer operation.
X=Y*Z
Where Z->40 bit data and Y->40 bit data
Result would be more than 40 bit.

Assume that data variables ‘Y’ & ‘Z’ available at

memory locations 801 & 802 resly. And X will be
stored 803 onwards
Solution for X=Y*Z

LOAD MQ, M(801) MQM[801]

MUL M(802) AcMQ * M[802]
STOR M(803) M[803]Ac
LOAD MQ AcMQ
STOR M(804) M[804]Ac
 Write an assembly language programming for the
following code fragment and Interpret to IAS computer
flow of operations.
 if(x ≥ 0)
 c=a-b;
 else
 c=a+b;

Dr.J.saira banu , Associate Professor, SCOPE, VIT University