Seminar

on
Solid State Drive(SSD)

By-
Yash Agarwal
150162
ECE
GBPIET
Contents
• Introduction
• History
• Working
• Applications
• Comparison
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Conclusion
• References
Introduction
• A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage
device that uses solid-state memory to store
persistent data.
• SSDs have no moving mechanical
components. This distinguishes them from
traditional electromechanical magnetic
disks such as hard disk drives (HDDs)
or floppy disks, etc.
• SSD technology primarily uses interfaces
compatible with traditional hard disk
drives (HDDs), which permit simple
replacements in common applications.
History
• 1950 - Core Memory and Card Capacitor Read Only Store
(CCROS).
• 1980s - SSDs were implemented in semiconductor memory
for early supercomputers of IBM, Amdahl and Cray.
• 1978 - Texas Memory Systems introduced a 16 kilobyte (KB)
RAM solid-state drive to be used by oil companies
for seismic data acquisition.
• 1991 - SanDisk introduced its 20MB SSD for $1000.
• 1995 - M-Systems introduced flash-based solid-state drives.
• 2003 - Terabyte SSDs became commercially available.
• 2006 - Samsung launched the world's first high volume
Windows XP notebook using SSDs.
Working of SSD
• A solid-state drive uses a type of memory called “flash
memory” which is similar to RAM. However, unlike RAM,
which clears whenever the computer powers down,
SSD memory remains even when it loses power.
• It uses a pool of NAND Flash to store data.
• NAND flash is designed to retain its charge state even when
not powered up. This makes NAND a type of non-volatile
memory.
Working(contd.)
• In NAND flash, 0 means that data is stored in a cell. It’s the
opposite of how we typically think of a Zero or One.
• NAND flash is organized in a grid of 2K, 4K, 8K or 16K with 128
to 256 pages per block.
Applications
• Solid-State Drive (SSD) technology has been marketed to the
military and niche industrial markets since the mid-1990s.
• Appearing in ultra-mobile PCs and a few lightweight laptop
systems.
• USB flash drive.
• TEXAS MEMORY SYSTEM claims to be world’s fastest memory
system provider, using SSD technology. RamSan® solid-state
disks not only out-perform the fastest conventional drives
hundreds of times over but are many times faster than the
closest competitor.
Comparison (SSD vs HDD)
• Cost - For the same capacity 1TB internal 2.5-inch drive
you’ll pay about $90 for an HDD but an SSD is almost $700.
• Capacity - SDDs drive space is restricted as compared to
HDDs. HDDs currently top out at 1TB of drive space but you
rarely see Solid State Drives with more than 256GB storage.
• Longevity - SSDs wear out over time because each cell in a
flash memory bank has a limited number of times it can be
written and erased. However unless you are a video editor
you are more likely to discard the system for obsolescence
before you start running into drive errors.
Comparison(contd.)
• An SSD does functionally everything a hard drive does, but data is
instead stored on interconnected flash memory chips that retain
the data even when there's no power present.
• Speed - SSD’s are a lot faster and better comparatively than HDD’s.
Advantages
• Faster start-up because no spin-up is required.
• Consistent read performance because physical location of
data is irrelevant for SSDs.
• SSDs typically have lower power consumption than HDDs.
Advantages(contd.)
• Eliminates the risk of mechanical failure.
• Ability to endure extreme shock, high altitude, vibration and
extremes of temperature.
• Immune to magnets.
• SSD’s are random access by nature and can perform parallel
reads on multiple sections of the drive.
• Silent operation due to the lack of moving parts.
Disadvantages
• Limited write - erase time.
• Cost significantly more per unit capacity.
3$/GB vs 0.15$/GB
• Slower write speeds because of the erase blocks which are
becoming larger and larger(1.5 ms per erase).
• The capacity of SSDs is currently lower than that of hard
drives.
Conclusion
• Quicker startup, incredible performance, no moving parts, less
heat, longer battery life, incredible reliability and durabilty will
soon enough conquer the obstacles of price, storage
restrictions and availability.
• Most of the advantages of solid-state drives over traditional
hard drives are due to their ability to access data completely
electronically instead of electromechanically.
References
1. "What is solid state disk? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer
Dictionary". Webopedia. ITBusinessEdge.

2. Mearian, Lucas. "Consumer SSDs and hard drive prices are nearing
parity". Computerworld.

3. Rent, Thomas M. (2010-03-20). "Origin of Solid State

Drives". StorageReview.com.

4. Werner, Jeremy (2010-08-17). "A Look Under the Hood at Some Unique SSD
Features". SandForce.com.

5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive#Applications

6. "The Effects of Disk Fragmentation on System Reliability". files.diskeeper.com.

Thank You.