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GLOBAL CITY

GLOBAL CITY: AS A SPATIAL


GLOBALIZATION
• Globalization is spatial because it occurs
in physical space; and
• The Global City is the main physical and
geographic playground of the globalizing
forces:
1. Population concentration and mixing
2. The global flows of people, capital and ideas
Globalized city
Global Cities: As Sites of
Economic Globalization
• Global cities are primarily economic as
command centers and hubs of global
finance and investment eg. New York,
London, Tokyo
Instantaneous money transactions and
transmissions across the globe (in what
ways? Are you linked to these processes?)
Global City: Digital World and Media
Telecommunications making distance seem
to disappear

(In what ways do you participate in this


process?)
Global Cities: As Centers of
Cosmopolotanism
Cosmopolitanism is a phenomenon most
readily associated with the global city: large
diverse cities attract people, material and
cultural products around the world
Results
1. Human mobility and migration= cutural
diversity
2. Cosmopolitan consumption
3. Cosmopolitan work culture
The Global City
1. Geographic dispersal of economic
activities, simultaneous integration
that feed the growth and importance of
central corporate functions.
2. Central functions increasingly
complex, headquarters of large global
firms outsource them from highly
specialized service firms:
3. Specialized service firms engaged inn highly
complex and globalized markets subject to
agglomeration economies;

4. Headquarters outsource their most complex,


unstandardized functions.

5. Specialized service firms need to provide a


global service which has meant a global
network of affiliates; strenghthening of cross
border city-to-city transactions and networks
6. Economic fortunes of these cities become
increasingly disconnected from their broader
hinterlands or even their national
economies.
INDICATORS OF GLOBALITY
• ATTRIBUTES OF A GLOBAL CITY
– Economic power/ economic
competitiveness (New York has the largest
stock Market. Toyo houses the most number
of corporate headquarters. Shanghai has te
busiest container port)
– Centers of Authority (Washington D.C as the
seat of power in America, UN in New York)
• Global Cities are centers of higher learning
and culture (Publishing house in New
York, London and Paris. Harvard
University in Boston)
Global City Indicators:
ECONOMIC POLITICAL CULTURAL INDUSTRIAL
• Active influence • First Name • Advanced
•Corporate and participation familiarity (New transportation
Headquarters, on international York, Tokyo, system
multinational events and world Paris, London) • Major
corporations. affairs • Highly renowned international
•International • Hosting cultural airports and ports
Financial Institutions headquarters for institutions, • Advanced
•Significant Financial international galleries, sports communications
Capacity/outpout : organizations complex, opera • Skyscrapers
GDP (UN) house
•Financial Service • Large • Influencial media
(banks, Metropolitan Area produced
accountancy) • Expat • Educational
•Costs of living Communities institutions
•Personal wealth: • tourism
number of
billionaires
Tendencies and structural facts
about global cities
• Concentration of wealth in the hands of
owners, partners and professionals
associated with the high-end firms in this
system
• Growing disconnection between the city
and its region urban/rural
• Growth of marginalized population
struggling to survive the marketplace
defined by these high end activities.

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