READING OF LINEAR CHARTS

• BTR = 1500 PSIG

• TEMP RANGE = 150 OF
• TOTAL NO. OF DIVISIONS = 30

ONE DIVISION OF CHART = BTR / T.D PSIG

= 1500/30 = 50 PSIG
PRESSURE = 9.4 X 50 = 940 PSIG
ONE DIVISION OF CHART = T.R / 30 OF

= 150/30 = 5 OF
TEMPERATURE = 13 X 5 = 65 OF
Measurement Techniques in Gas Industry
•Upstream Measurement with Volume Correctors:
• A Volume Corrector is mounted on the m
eter, which automatically applies Pressure/
Temperature factors on the volume of gas
registered by the meter to calculate corre
cted volume at Base Conditions.

Volume corrector Regulators

Regulator

Meter
• General Checking of CMS by an Officer:
• The relevant forms for general checking should be used
• The complete information such as cons. no., name & address, meter
/volume corrector sr. no., meter type, regulator type, types of measur
ement, metering pressure, valve sizes, piping sizes, filter stainer size
etc. should be noted.
• Any discrepancy needs to be reported
• Sealing: Meter/Regulator seals or seals at any other vulnerable point
s must be inspected and any discrepancy should be noted.
• Check general condition of meters
• Check oil levels in case of rotary meters
• Check volume corrector ratio by taking two corrected/uncorrected re
adings after some time.
• Check record of last P/T recorder calibration and compare the existin
g pressure with the instantaneous pressure recorded by recorder.
• Take flow rate and metering pressure and perform analyses against t
he metering pressure and under sizing of meters.
• The load limiting devices should be checked.
• Filter strainers must be installed at the CMS, arrange its cleaning
• Check lubrication of plug valves, arrange lubrication if required
• Check leakages and arrange rectification if required
• Check regulator shutdown if required
• Check meter replacement record and include in the list of sched
ule meter replacement if required
• Consumer /his representative’s signature should be taken to end
orse the checking records
• Checking of paint condition, enclosure condition, locking arrange
ment and do whatever required
• Few P/T recorders should be calibrated in the presence of an en
gineer on monthly basis
• Any other remarks should be noted and remedial action if requir
ed should be taken
• In case CMS needs to be modified. Complete proposal with nece
ssary drawings and list of material should be prepared for appro
val from the competent authority
• Estimation of Human Resource Requirements Based on the
Work Load
• Work Load Estimation: it is the work load per year in each
identifiable activity
1. Identify all activities in the region, such as schedule mainte
nance, CMSs/TBSs etc, General Checking of CMSs / TBSs, P/
T Calibration, High Gas Bill complaints, Emergencies, Conde
nsate Drainage, Schedule and Defective meter replacement
2. Identify schedule maintenance requirements (as mentioned
in the metering manual) and estimate frequency of such oc
currences which are not prescribed but needs to be estimat
ed from the statistical field data.
3. Have data about the no of consumers in each category, no
of TBSs / DRSs, no of pressure/temperature recorders, large
capacity CMSs (cement, fertilizers, power etc)
• Example of Work Load Calculations:
• Maintenance of General Industrial CMSs:
Total no of General Industry CMSs = 100
Schedule maintenance period / frequency of schedule mainte
nance per year = 1 (once a year)
Work Load per Year = 100
• General Checking of General Industry CMSs:
Total no of consumers = 100
Frequency of checking per year =02 (twice a year)
work load per year = 200
• Emergencies and Complaints:
Estimated no complaints per year needs to estimated from t
he statistical data, which will be the work load in this activity
• Estimation of Teams to accomplish Metering Activities
• Need to define work norm in each activity
Example1: work norm for schedule maintenance of
general industry = 3 CMS/day
No of working days in a year is taken as = 250 days
work norm per year = 750
Example2: work norm for attending emergencies (based on exp
erience and averaging time for various emergencies) =2 per da
y
no of working days = 250
Work norm per year = 500
• now we know the yearly work load and work norms in each
category, it is simply to work out the no of teams required
= work load / work norm
• Consolidated worksheet in excel for these activities

Activity No of cons. Frequency Work load Work norm No of

of teams
Operation required
Gen. Ind. 100 1 100 750 0.13

General 100 2 200 1500 0.13

Checking
Ind

Emergenci - 1000 500 2.00

es

.
.
.
Total 2.26
• Word about Record Keeping:

• Maintain separate file for each high pressure commercial and

industrial consumer
• Region should be suitably segregated into geographical areas
(best way to do it is by using meter reading books) about 12
groups of commercial and domestic consumers may be form
ed.
A group of commercial consumer should be =500-1000
A group of domestic consumers should be = 30000 – 50000
• list of all commercial consumers in each group should be p
roperly filed having master data. This data should also be avai
lable on the computer.
• Data base of all industrial and commercial consumers should
be maintained, allowing entry of activities performed in the fi
elds such as schedule maintenance, meter replacement (sched
ule and defective), consumer category w.r.t. pilferage (vulnera
ble or otherwise)
• A list of meters against schedule replacement should be able
to be generated from this software
• The data base should be capable of segregating meters / reg
ulators wise lists e.g. lists of CMSs with EVC meters, meters wi
th mechanical volume correctors, meters with IDs but without
volume correctors etc.