GE

Energy Infrastructure

The Water:Energy
Nexus

Timothy J. Richards
Managing Director,
International Energy Policy
November 4, 2008
GE – Focused on helping the world
overcome unprecedented challenges

Increasing Water Threat of Waterborne Growth of

Scarcity Illness Developing Nations

Rising Cost of New Stringent Massive

Energy Regulations Infrastructure
Needs 2/
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 Water : Energy
Nexus
both challenges must be addressed
together

3/
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Nexus #1: 6-18% of a city’s energy
demand is used to produce, treat &
transport water
WATER ENERGY

4/
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Solution #1: Distributed water &
power… right mix, right place, right
price WATER ENERGY

5/
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Nexus #2: Higher technology to treat
impaired water requires higher energy
demandWATER ENERGY
Membrane

Other
O&M* Capital
~33% ~33%

Energy
~33%

Thermal (MED)

Other Capital
24% 31%

Energy
45%

* Membrane replacement,
Chemicals, Labor,
Maintenance
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Solution #2: Joint technology
development driving energy and cost out
WATER ENERGY
1.25
Cost of Water $/m3

1.00 Cost of Desalination

0.75
Cost Water Reuse
0.50

0.25 Cost of ‘Traditional’ Water Supply

1996 2010

The cost of desalination with GE membranes has fallen by more than 80% in the last
two decades
7/
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Nexus #3: Declining reservoir levels
reduce hydro generating capacity
WATER ENERGY

8/
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Solution #3: Reduce water
consumption, replenish reservoirs,
alternative energy
WATERsources
ENERGY

Bioenergy Wind

Solar Hydro Natural Gas

Cauley Creek water reuse facility…

restoring lake levels by treating
municipal wastewater Geothermal Hydrogen

9/
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Nexus #4: Power generation requires
large quantities of water
WATER ENERGY

>50% of global
industrial water
consumption is
used to generate
power

10 /
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Solution #4: Reduce water
consumption per MW produced

Source Align optimum water

To Use source with consumption 1) Baseline water &
need energy footprint
Optimize water & energy 2) Identify efficiency
Process &
consumption in boiler, opportunities
Utilities
cooling and fuel systems
3) Prepare optimization
plan & engage
Waste Convert waste stakeholders
To Value streams
4) Execute & calibrate
into value & minimize
risk

11 /
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Nexus #5: Energy exploration &
production generates large quantities of
wastewater
WATER ENERGY

12 /
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Solution #5: Advanced wastewater
solutions reduce water losses and enable
water reuse WATER ENERGY

13 /
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 GE
Energy Infrastructure

Backup
The Global Water Challenge

“Whiskey is for Drinking; Water is15for /

Fighting.”
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Enabling the future with portfolio
solutions
Desalination
Solutions:
Desalination
Drawing on the ocean’s virtually
limitless water resources, GE’s
desalination technologies are
Solutions
helping water scarce regions to
create new freshwater sources that
can quench growing demand.
Municipal Solutions:
Facing unprecedented growth and
Municipal
water demand, cities are turning to
GE’s advanced membrane and
water quality measurement
Solutions
technologies to tackle increasingly
stringent water and wastewater
regulations and the threat of new,
virulent pathogens in our lakes and
rivers.
Product Water:
Consumers use the products they
Product
trust – whether it is
pharmaceuticals, food, or
beverages. As brands expand
Water
globally, GE technologies ensure
high quality ingredient water for
manufacturing regardless of a
plant’s location or its water source.
Residential Products:
GE point-of-use and point-of-entry
Residential
filtration systems are enabling
homeowners to produce higher
quality water from every tap in the
Products
home. This same technology is
helping developing countries to
leapfrog traditional, costly
infrastructure and provide safe
water to those who need it most.

Utility Solutions: Process Chemicals & Industrial

GE is optimizing system efficiency &
Process
Separations: Wastewater:
Utility Industrial
increasing uptime in cooling towers
Silently working in pipes, tanks and Once considered a by-product, GE’s
and boilers by reducing energy
process fluids, GE’s advanced water reuse technology is
usage and greenhouse gas
Chemicals &
chemicals protect valuable transforming industrial wastewater

Solutions Wastewater
emissions. Advanced monitoring
production assets from corrosion into a sustainable, new water
systems reduce the risk of pathogen

Separations
and fouling faced in day-to-day source that can often be used many
growth, such as Legionella, in
operations, while improving overall times over—dramatically reducing
cooling systems.
manufacturing efficiency and the strain on our precious water
quality. resources.

16 /
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50 percent
The number of people who don't
have access to the quality of water
available to the citizens of Rome
2,000 years ago
Source: Blue Planet Run, Smolan, Erwitt
17 /
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 40 billion
The number of hours spent each
year in Africa due to the need to
collect and haul water
Source: Blue Planet Run, Smolan, Erwitt
18 /
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5.3 billion
The number of people - two-thirds of
the world's population - who will
suffer from water shortages by 2025.

Source: Blue Planet Run, Smolan, Erwitt

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1.1 billion
The number of people worldwide -
1 in every 6 - without access to
clean water

Source: Blue Planet Run, Smolan, Erwitt

20 /
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1.8 million
The number of children who die each
year from waterborne diseases - one
every 15 seconds
Source: Blue Planet Run, Smolan, Erwitt
21 /
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The Global Energy Challenge

22 /
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Nexus #6: India’s huge energy demand
creates huge water demand
WATER ENERGY

23 /
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Solution #6: India’s water and energy
challenges can be solved simultaneously
WATER ENERGY

Wastewater Integrated
treatment alternative
& reuse energy

24 /
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World energy consumption will increase
with increasing population
Histor Projectio
700 y ns 645
598
600 GR 553
CA 0-
Consumption 1970-2025

7
(19 5): 504
World Marketed Energy

500 1
20 0%
1.8 412
400 348 366
(Quadrillion Btu)

310
285
300 243
207
200

100

0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2002 2010 2015 2020 2025
Major energy consumption increase will be in the Emerging
economies
25 /
CAGR = Compounded Annual Growth Rate GE Title or job number /
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Source: EIA International Energy Outlook2005
GE Power & Water
Combining the best of GE to
solve the world’s biggest
challenges